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101.
The physics of the initial conditions of heavy ion collisions is dominated by the nonlinear gluonic interactions of QCD. These lead to the concepts of parton saturation and the Color Glass Condensate (CGC). We discuss recent progress in calculating multigluon correlations in this framework, prompted by the observation that these correlations are in fact easier to compute in a dense system (nucleus–nucleus) than a dilute one (proton–proton). 相似文献
102.
Excitation spectrum and structure factor of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in different hyperfine states 下载免费PDF全文
The elementary excitation spectrum of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate in different hyperfine states is obtained by Green's function method. It is found to have two branches. In the long wave-length limit, the two branches of the excitation spectrum are reduced to one phonon excitation and one single-particle excitation. The single-particle one has an energy gap. When the energy gap exists, we study the Landau critical velocity and the depletion of the condensate. With the obtained Green's functions, we calculate the structure factor of a two-component condensate. It is found that the static structure factor comprises only the branch of the phonon excitation and the single-particle excitation makes no contribution to the structure factor. 相似文献
103.
Zi-Yu Xia 《中国物理C(英文版)》2023,47(4):044104-044104-13
Recently, Jia proposed a formalism to apply the variational principle to a coherent-pair condensate for a two-body Hamiltonian. The present study extends this formalism by including three-body forces. The result is the same as the so-called variation after particle-number projection in the BCS case, but now, the particle number is always conserved, and the time-consuming projection is avoided. Specifically, analytical formulas of the average energy are derived along with its gradient for a three-body Hamiltonian in terms of the coherent-pair structure. Gradient vanishment is required to obtain analytical expressions for the pair structure at the energy minimum. The new algorithm iterates on these pair-structure expressions to minimize energy for a three-body Hamiltonian. The new code is numerically demonstrated when applied to realistic two-body forces and random three-body forces in large model spaces. The average energy can be minimized to practically any arbitrary precision. 相似文献
104.
105.
WANG Tian-Yuan 《理论物理通讯》2009,51(2):255-258
We consider the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrǒdinger equations that describe the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein Condensates with time-dependent scattering length in a complex potential. Our results show that as long as the integrable relation is satisfied, exact solutions of the one-dimensional nonlinear Schrǒdinger equation can be found in a general closed form, and interactions between two solitons are modulated in a complex potential We find that the changes of the scattering length and trapping potential can be effectively used to control the interaction between two bright soliton. 相似文献
106.
Jiating Ni Siamak Dadras Wa Kun Lam Rajendra K. Shrestha Mark Sadgrove Sandro Wimberger Gil S. Summy 《Annalen der Physik》2017,529(8)
Quantum‐resonance ratchets have been realized over the last ten years for the production of directed currents of atoms. These non‐dissipative systems are based on the interaction of a Bose‐Einstein condensate with an optical standing wave potential to produce a current of atoms in momentum space. In this paper we provide a review of the important features of these ratchets with a particular emphasis on their optimization using more complex initial states. We also examine their stability close to resonance conditions of the kicking. Finally we discuss the way in which these ratchets may pave the way for applications in quantum (random) walks and matter‐wave interferometry. 相似文献
107.
Effects of three-body interaction on collective excitation and stability of Bose--Einstein condensate 下载免费PDF全文
This paper investigates the collective excitation and stability of
low-dimensional Bose--Einstein condensates with two- and three-body
interactions by the variational analysis of the time-dependent
Gross--Pitaevskii--Ginzburg equation. The spectrum of the low-energy
excitation and the effective potential for the width of the
condensate are obtained. The results show that: (i) the repulsive
two-body interaction among atoms makes the frequency red-shifted for
the internal excitation and the repulsive or attractive three-body
interaction always makes it blue-shifted; (ii) the region for the
existence of the stable bound states is obtained by identifying the
critical value of the two- and three-body interactions. 相似文献
108.
本文讨论在背景场量子色动力学框架中的等时方程赝标介子解. 方程的积分核由微扰和非微扰贡献两部分组成.微拔部分是通常的单胶子交换图的贡献;非微扰部分的贡献来自于最低阶的夸克和胶子凝聚效应. 当输入合理的夸克质量参数和耦合常数时,可以得到与实验相符合的赝标介子谱. 相似文献
109.
R E Marshak 《Pramana》1988,31(1):9-39
This retrospective paper traces the conceptual evolution of two theories in which the author was involved—the two-meson theory
(with H A Bethe) in 1947 and the universal (V-A) theory of weak interactions (with E C G Sudarshan) in 1957—into the present-day standard model of particle interactions.
Part 1 is entitled ‘From the pion to QCD and pseudo-Goldstone bosons” and Part 2 “From the muon and neutrino to QFD and chiral
anomalies’.
Adapted from two lectures delivered at the University of Rochester in October, 1987. 相似文献
110.
利用QCD求和规则,在忽略奇异海夸克效应近似下,计算了核子同位旋标量轴矢流耦合常数.在极化函数的非微扰部分,本文计算了的三胶子凝聚修正.在QCD修正的组合夸克模型中,分析了质子的自旋结构函数,并得到S夸克对的贡献. 相似文献