周期永磁环爆磁压缩发生器

首次提出了利用周期永磁环做初始能源的螺旋型爆磁压缩发生器,该结构由4节永磁环正反排到组成。阐述了这种周期永磁环爆磁压缩发生器的结构及其特点,并利用等效电路模型分析了轴线起爆周期永磁环爆磁压缩发生器的磁通变化规律和爆磁压缩过程,得到了基本的电流变化关系。 分析及数值计算结果表明：这种周期永磁环爆磁压缩发生器能够实现电流放大,在磁化电流为0.13 MA,磁化回路负载电感为1.0 μH条件下,最终输出电流可达0.16 MA。周期永磁环可以作为爆磁压缩发生器的初始能源,这种概念设计值得进行进一步的实验探索。     

考虑温度效应的层状复合岩石力学损伤试验及模型研究

为研究层状复合岩石高温作用下的力学特性,对相似材料制备的层状复合岩石进行20℃（室温）,100℃,200℃和300℃热处理,并开展单轴压缩试验获取其物理力学参数。结果表明,随着温度升高,层状复合岩石质量变化率与体积膨胀率呈上升趋势,且在100℃时增幅明显。拟合各力学参数的经验公式发现,峰值强度及弹性模量趋于劣化并呈线性降低,峰值应变与温度成正相关。随着温度升高,层状复合岩石呈剪切–滑移型破坏,单一类岩石由剪切破坏向张拉–剪切破坏转化,破坏时微裂纹数量增多,在300℃时延性特征显著。引入考虑温度效应的岩石本构模型并拟合了不同温度下的应力应变曲线,该模型较好地表征了热处理后层状复合岩石的损伤演化规律及破坏特征,合理地揭示了层状复合岩石高温作用后的损伤机理。

     

级联型爆磁压缩发生器的等效电路计算

动态级联型爆磁压缩发生器由多级构成,后一级俘获前一级的磁通进而将能量放大。用镜像电流法计算装置等效电感和电阻,用磁通俘获模型计算两级间磁通耦合,并假设损耗电阻正比于直流电阻。用该等效电路方法计算了一种两级动态级联型爆磁压缩发生器的静态和动态电路参数,并对其输出电流波形进行了模拟,同实际测量和实验结果进行了比较,同时对该装置通过脉冲变压器对脉冲形成线的充电过程进行了简单的模拟计算。结果表明,该计算方法对级联型爆磁压缩发生器的优化设计和应用研究具有较好的指导作用。另外两级磁通俘获模型对于间接馈电（线圈或永磁体）装置模拟计算也有一定的参考价值。     

蓄电池供电的级联型爆磁压缩发生器实验研究

一种由蓄电池作为初始能源的紧凑型螺线管爆磁压缩发生器由两级构成,其中第一级作为能量放大器,第二级通过磁通耦合对第一级输出的脉冲进行陡化以驱动较大的电感负载。初始能源由蓄电池、高压逆变器及储能电容器（220μF, 6 kV）构成。在爆磁压缩发生器运行以前,用5 min给储能电容器充上6 kV的电压。实验证明4 Ah的铅酸蓄电池可以通过高压逆变系统给220 μF的电容器充电超过五次以上,此时电池的电压仍然高于11 V。由此可见,以蓄电池加高压逆变器和储能电容器作为其初始能源,能够满足体积小、稳定提供较大的初始能量的能力。同时利用级联型爆磁压缩发生器,能够在较小的体积和重量的情况下驱动较大的电感负载(4μH),实现输出电流120kA,电流的上升时间为15 μs的预期目标。     

基于SOA和NOLM的光脉冲放大与压缩的设计模型

设计了一种基于半导体光放大器(SOA)和非线性光学环镜(NOLM)的光脉冲放大与压缩的模型。数值研究结果表明:在NOLM中,当调节合适的控制脉冲的输入和初始时延时,具有较低峰值功率、宽度为几十皮秒的高斯信号脉冲经此模型放大压缩后,可以得到脉冲峰值增益高、脉冲宽度窄以及基本无基座的高质量超短信号光脉冲。     

重水的冲击压缩性

 用二级轻气炮作为加载装置，测量了重水（D₂O）的冲击压缩线，压力范围为10~43 GPa。用轴对称式电磁感应探头测量冲击波速度，测量精度约1.2%~1.5%。用电探针测量飞片速度，其精度约0.5%。用对比法原理进行测量，标准样品材料为无氧铜。实验发现，重水的冲击波速度随粒子速度变化呈斜率不同的两段直线关系，两线连结处出现拐折。分析认为，这一现象可能由液体D₂O分子在冲击波作用下的离解过程引起。     

Production of Mesoglycan/PCL Based Composites through Supercritical Impregnation

The development of targeted therapies for wound repair is knowing a growing interest due to the increasing aging of the population and the incidence of chronic pathologies, mainly pressure ulcers. Among molecules recruiting cell populations and promoting the formation of new vital tissue, sodium mesoglycan (MSG) has been proven to be effective in wound healing. In this work, MSG impregnation of polymer matrices has been attempted by a supercritical carbon dioxide-based process. Polymeric matrices are composed of polycaprolactone blends, where water-soluble polymers, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, gelatin, and thermoplastic starch, have been employed to modulate the MSG release, making the devices potentially suitable for topical administrations. Two different techniques have been used to obtain the films: the first one is compression molding, producing compact and continuous structures, and the second one is electrospinning, producing membrane-like designs. A higher amount of MSG can be loaded into the polymeric matrix in the membrane-like structures since, in these films, the impregnation process is faster than in the case of compression molded films, where the carbon dioxide has firstly diffused and then released the active molecule. The type of water-soluble polymer influences the drug release rate: the blend polycaprolactone-gelatin gives a prolonged release potentially suitable for topical administration.     

固体炸药的磁驱动准等熵压缩实验研究

较宽压力范围内未反应炸药的本构关系和状态方程对于深入和精确认识压缩波作用下炸药组分间相互作用的力学过程和起爆热点的形成机制具有重要意义。较之冲击压缩,磁驱动准等熵压缩加载(无冲击压缩)是获取较宽压力范围内未反应炸药的动态压缩力学特性更有效的手段。基于大电流产生的电磁力作用原理,在国内率先实现了炸药的磁驱动无冲击压缩实验技术。通过对负载电极、炸药样品参数的优化设计和安装工艺的控制,实现了5 GPa载荷内JO-9159炸药的磁驱动准等熵压缩加载。基于激光位移干涉测量技术和Lagrange数据处理方法,获得了JO-9159炸药的速度响应历史和准等熵压缩线。所得结果与文献数据进行了比较,结果表明,在实验压力范围内,JO-9159炸药的等熵压缩线与PBX9501炸药的等熵压缩线一致。     

Prediction of the critical buckling load of multi-walled carbon nanotubes under axial compression

In this paper, we propose a new explicit analytical formula of the critical buckling load of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) under axial compression. This formula takes into account van der Waals interactions between adjacent tubes and the effect of terms involving tube radii differences generally neglected in the derived expressions of the critical buckling load published in the literature. The elastic multiple Donnell shells continuum approach is employed for modelling the multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The validation of the proposed formula is made by comparison with a numerical solution. The influence of the neglected terms is also studied.     

Stress State of Multilayer Thin-Walled Elements with Interfacial Defects of Structure

Based on the discrete-structural theory of thin plates and shells, a calculation model for thin-walled elements consisting of a number of rigid anisotropic layers is put forward. It is assumed that the transverse shear and compression stresses are equal on the interfaces. Elastic slippage is allowed over the interfaces between adjacent layers. The solution to the problem is obtained in a geometrically nonlinear statement with account of the influence of transverse shear and compression strains. The stress-strain state of circular two-layer transversely isotropic plates, both without defects and with a local area of adhesion failure at their center, is investigated numerically and experimentally. It is found that the kinematic and static contact conditions on the interfaces of layered thin-walled structural members greatly affect the magnitude of stresses and strains. With the use of three variants of calculation models, in the cases of perfect and weakened contact conditions between layers, the calculation results for circular plates are compared. It is revealed that the variant suggested in this paper adequately reflects the behavior of layered thin-walled structural elements under large deformations. __________ Translated from Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 41, No. 6, pp. 761–772, November–December, 2005.