人血清中地尔硫高效液相色谱法测定及药代动力学参数

建立了反相高效液相色谱法监测人口服地尔硫艹卓缓释片后血药浓度。血样用正己烷－氯仿－异丙醇混合溶剂（６０４０５）提取后，以Ｃ１８化学键合硅胶为固定相，甲醇－水－三乙胺为流动相，安定为内标，在２３９ｎｍ波长处定量检测。血药浓度在１５～３００μｇ／Ｌ范围内线性关系良好，最低检测浓度为３μｇ／Ｌ。批内（ｎ＝７）及批间（ｎ＝５）测定相对标准偏差分别小于６．８％和８．４％，回收率为９１％～１０４％。监测了８名健康人口服盐酸地尔硫艹卓缓释片后的不同时间的血药浓度变化，计算了有关的药代动力学参数。     

蒿甲醚在模拟体内酸碱环境中的代谢动力学研究

 利用高效液相法对蒿甲醚进行了模拟体内酸碱环境的代谢动力学研究 ,测定了蒿甲醚及其代谢产物双氢青蒿素、蒿甲醚呋喃酯的代谢曲线。结果表明 ,蒿甲醚在模拟体内肠道和血液的弱碱性环境条件下半衰期为2 87 2min(计算值 ) ;在模拟体内胃液的酸性环境条件下半衰期为 74 6min ;在两种条件下的主要代谢产物均为双氢青蒿素和蒿甲醚呋喃酯。该方法克服了以往文献所报道方法的一些缺点 ,不仅简化了样品制备方法 ,也提高了检测结果的准确性。     

环氧合酶－2抑制剂的三维定量构效关系研究

建立三环系COX－1和COX－2抑制剂结构与活性的三维定量构效关系模型，为设 计新型的具有选择性的COX－2抑制剂提供线索。通过与酶的对接并优化，确定化合 物在受体结合腔中的构象，利用比较分子力场分析方法建立三维定量构效关系模型 。模型1R_(cv)~2=0.685，最佳主成分数为6，传统相关系数为R~2=0.988, F-726. 2，标准偏差S = 0.080；模型2 R_(cv)~2 = 0.573，最佳主成分数为6，传统相关 系数为R~2=0.996, F = 1147.6，标准偏差S = 0.034。所得的模型不仅解释了化合 物的构效关系，而且对预测集中的化合物有很好的预测能力；比较不同模型的系数 相关图，分析了结构与活性、结构与选择性的关系，得到的结果可以指导新化合物 的设计与合成。     

A validated HPLC method with ultraviolet detection for the determination of buformin in plasma

A sensitive and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic assay is developed and validated for the determination of buformin in plasma. After addition of metformin as the internal standard, the analytes were deproteinated with acetonitrile, washed with dichloromethane, and the resulting supernatant injected. Chromatography was performed at ambient temperature by pumping a mobile phase of 0.03 m diammonium hydrogen phosphate buffer (pH 7, 250 mL) in methanol (750 mL) at a fl ow rate of 1 mL/min through a silica column. Buformin and metformin were detected at 236 nm, and eluted 9.8 and 15.4 min, respectively. No endogenous substances were found to interfere. Calibration curves were linear over the concentration range of 20-2000 ng/mL. The limit of quantitation was 20 ng/mL. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) was 8.3%, or less, and the accuracy was within 10.1% of the relative error (RE). The method is suitable in pharmacokinetic investigation of buformin.     

Molecular electrostatic potentials as input for the alignment of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors in 3D QSAR

Comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship (3D QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine the correlations between the calculated physicochemical properties and the in vitro activities (3'-processing and 3'-strand transfer inhibition) of a series of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitors. The training set consisted of 34 molecules from five structurally diverse classes: salicylpyrazolinones, dioxepinones, coumarins, quinones, and benzoic hydrazides. The data set was aligned using extrema of molecular electrostatic potentials (MEPs). The predictive ability of the resultant model was evaluated using a test set comprised of 7 molecules belonging to a different structural class of thiazepinediones. A CoMSIA model using an MEP-based alignment showed considerable internal as well external predictive ability (r2(cv) = 0.821, r2(pred) = 0.608 for 3'-processing; and r2(cv) = 0.759, r2(pred.) = 0.660 for 3'-strand transfer).     

Determination of didanosine in human serum by on-line solid-phase extraction coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric detection: application to a bioequivalence study

A method based on solid-phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography with positive ion electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometric detection was developed for the determination of didanosine in human serum, using lamivudine as internal standard. The acquisition was performed in the multiple reaction monitoring mode, monitoring the transitions m/z 237 --> 136.7 for didanosine and m/z 230 --> 111.7 for lamivudine. The method was linear over the range studied (10-1500 ng ml(-1)), with r(2) > 0.98, and the run time was 5 min. The intra- and inter-assay precisions were < or =10% and the intra- and inter-assay accuracies were >95%. The absolute recoveries were 99.8% (10 ng ml(-1)), 98.4% (30 ng ml(-1)), 91.5% (700 ng ml(-1)) and 94.7% (1200 ng ml(-1)). The limits of detection and quantitation were 5 and 10 ng ml(-1), respectively. The method was applied to a bioequivalence study, in which 24 healthy adult volunteers (12 men) received single oral doses (200 mg) of reference and test didanosine formulations (buffered powder for oral solutions), in an open, two-way, randomized, crossover protocol. The 90% confidence interval of the individual ratios (test formulation/reference formulation) for C(max) (peak serum concentration) and AUC(0-inf) (area under the serum concentration versus time curve from time zero to infinity) were within the range 80-125%, which supports the conclusion that the two formulations are bioequivalent regarding the rate and extent of didanosine absorption.     

HPLC Method for Determination of Rosiglitazone in Plasma

A fast and sensitive high performance liquid chromatography method for quantitative determination of rosiglitazone in human plasma has been developed. The extraction from plasma was performed using solid-phase extraction (SPE) on C4 silica (100 mg) disposable extraction cartridges (DEC). The separation of rosiglitazone and two metabolites was achieved on a Phenomenex® Synergi 4 µm MAX-RP (150 × 4.6 mm) column, protected by a guard column. The mobile phase was 0.01 M ammonium acetate, pH 7.0 - acetonitrile (65:35, v/v). (3S)-3-OH-quinidine was used as internal standard. The analytes were detected using fluorescence detection. The method was validated. The limit of quantitation was 1 ng mL⁻¹ and the detection limit was 0.25 ng mL⁻¹ for rosiglitazone in human plasma. The recovery was 90% for rosiglitazone. Linearity was observed over a range of 1-1000 ng mL⁻¹ (r²=0.9959). The intra- and inter-day precision (C.V.) did not exceed 8.7 %. Applicability of the method was demonstrated by a clinical pharmacokinetic study. A healthy volunteer received in two separate phases 4 mg and 8 mg rosiglitazone maleate as a single oral dose. Plasma concentrations were measured for 24 h in both phases.     

HPLC determination of four active saponins from Panax notoginseng in rat serum and its application to pharmacokinetic studies

Four main active saponins (ginsenosides Rg1, Rb1, Rd and notoginsenoside R1) in Panax notoginseng in rat serum after oral and intravenous administration of total saponins of P. notoginseng (PNS) to rats were determined using a simple and sensitive high-performance chromatographic method. The serum samples were pretreated with solid-phase extraction before analysis. The calibration curves for the four saponins were linear in the given concentration ranges. The intra-day and inter-day assay coefficients in serum were less than 10.0% and the recoveries of the method were higher than 80.0% in the high, middle and low concentrations. This method was applied to study the pharmacokinetics following oral and intravenous administration of PNS.     

Improvement of cyclosporin A determination in whole blood by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

A chromatographic method was developed for the determination of cyclosporin A in human whole blood using reversed-phase HPLC at room temperature. Most previous reports carried out this liquid chromatographic separation at temperatures above 70 degrees C. The present procedure greatly improves the detection limit by controlling peak broadening effects, as well as the lifetime of the column at room temperature. Under optimal conditions and using ketoconazole as an internal standard, the calibration graph was linear in the range of 16-1000 microg/L with a relative standard deviation of 3.72% at 150 microg/L and 2.45% at 300 microg/L (n = 11) of cyclosporin A. The detection limit was of 5.0 microg/L cyclosporin A. By this procedure, cyclosporin A pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy Chinese subjects were studied. The developed method could be applied to the quantification of cyclosporin A in human blood samples and allows the study of its pharmacokinetics in routine laboratories.