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101.
Gelatin-based porous carbon beads have been fabricated from gelatin micro-spheres by means of solidification, carbonization and chemical activation with KOH. The physical properties of gelatin-based porous carbon beads were studied by a t-plot method based on N2 adsorption isotherms. The gelatin-based porous carbon beads activated at 800 ℃ exhibited the largest specific surface area and resulted in the highest capacitance. Carbon/carbon super-capacitors cells assembled with the electrode materials in 1.0 mol·L-1 NEt4BF4 / acetonitrile electrolyte have also been studied. The electrochemical properties of gelatin-based porous carbon beads electrode were studied by using constant-current discharge tests. The results indicate that the gelatin-based porous carbon beads electrode is with good cycling stability and specific capacitance of 119.8 F·g-1. 相似文献
102.
Rachel Quarrell Timothy D. W. Claridge George W. Weaver Gordon Lowe 《Molecular diversity》1996,1(4):223-232
Summary In view of the widespread use of TentaGel resin beads for the synthesis of combinatorial libraries, the properties of TentaGel resin have been examined using a combination of confocal laser microscopy and NMR spectroscopy. Evidence is presented that trypsin, a 23.5-kDa enzyme, can penetrate to the core of 90-m TentaGel beads, and that the matrix of such beads permits molecular motion at a similar rate to that in solution. The beads act as a separate gel phase rather than as a porous solid. These conclusions have important implications for the bioassay of on-bead combinatorial chemical libraries. 相似文献
103.
The amounts of adsorption of Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ from single, binary, and tertiary nitrate solutions onto glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan beads were measured. The beads had an average particle size and pore volume of 2 mm and 0.06 cm3/g, respectively, and had a BET surface area of 60 m2/g. All experiments were performed at 298 K as a function of initial pH (2.0–5.0), total metal concentration (0.77–17.0 mol/m3), and molar concentration ratio (0.25–4) in the aqueous phase. It was shown that the amount of metal adsorption generally increased with increasing solution pH. Competitive adsorption was significant in binary and tertiary systems when Cu2+ was present. The selectivity factor reached maximum in an equilibrium pH range of 5.1–5.3 and 4.5–4.9 for the Cu-Ni and Cu-Zn binary systems, respectively. This adsorbent provided a possibility for selective separation of Cu2+ from such multi-component solutions. 相似文献
104.
G. Debnath Frank Moss F. Marchesoni Th. Leiber H. Risken 《Journal of statistical physics》1989,54(5-6):1381-1382
A qualitative change in the topology of the joint probability densityP(,x), which occurs for strongly colored noise in multistable systems, has recently been observed first by analog simulation (F. Moss and F. Marchesoni,Phys. Lett. A
131:322 (1988)) and confirmed by matrix continued fraction methods (Th. Leiber and H. Riskin, unpublished), and by analytic theory (P. Hänggi, P. Jung, and F. Marchesoni,J. Stat. Phys., this issue). Systems studied were of the classx=–U(x)/x+(t,), whereU(x) is a multistable potential and (t, ) is a colored, Gaussian noise of intensityD, for which =0, and (t) (s)=(D/)exp(–t–s/). When the noise correlation time is smaller than some critical value 0, which depends onD, the two-dimensional densityP(,x) has the usual topology [P. Jung and H. Risken,Z. Phys. B
61:367 (1985); F. Moss and P. V. E. McClintock,Z. Phys. B
61:381 (1985)]: a pair of local maxima ofP(,x), which correspond to a pair of adjacent local minima ofU(x), are connected by a single saddle point which lies on thex axis. When >0, however,the single saddle disappears and is replaced by a pair of off-axis saddles. A depression, or hole, which is bounded by the saddles and the local maxima thus appears. The most probable trajectory connecting the two potential wells therefore does not pass through the origin for >0, but instead must detour around the local barrier. This observation implies that successful mean-first-passage-time theories of strongly colored noise driven systems must necessarily be two dimensional (Hänggiet al.). We have observed these holes for several potentialsU(x): (1)a soft, bistable potential by analog simulation (Moss and Marchesoni); (2) a periodic potential [Th. Leiber, F. Marchesoni, and H. Risken,Phys. Rev. Lett.
59:1381 (1987)] by matrix continued fractions; (3) the usual hard, bistable potential,U(x)=–ax
2/2+bx
4/4, by analog simulations only; and (4) a random potential for which the forcingf(x)=–U(x)/x is an approximate Gaussian with nonzero correlation length, i.e., colored spatiotemporal noise, by analog simulation. There is a critical curve 0(D) in the versusD plane which divides the two topological behaviors. For a fixed value ofD, this curve is shifted toward larger values of 0 for progressively weaker barriers between the wells. Therefore, strong barriers favor the observation of this topological transformation at smaller values of . Recently, an analytic expression for the critical curve, valid asymptotically in the small-D limit, has been obtained (Hänggiet al.).This paper will appear in a forthcoming issue of theJournal of Statistical Physics. 相似文献
105.
Glòria Sanclimens Laia CrespoMiquel Pons Ernest Giralt Fernando Albericio Miriam Royo 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(9):1751-1754
Although the solid-phase mode is an excellent strategy for the preparation of both biomolecules and small molecules, the synthesis of polyproline-based dendrimers has provided evidence that the capacity of the bead is limited. This phenomenon, which can be interpreted as saturation or stress of the resin, can lead to a complete breakdown of the bead structure. 相似文献
106.
Miao Du Jian-hua Gong Min Zuo Qiang Zheng 《高分子科学》2006,(1):53-60
Based on the premise that the addition of glass beads (GB) could hardly influence the linear viscoelasticity in low frequency (ω) region for homogeneous polymer systems, the dynamic rheological behaviors of unfilled and filled poly(methyl methyacrylate) (PMMA)/poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN) blends were studied in order to explore the effect of GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix. Results show that GB has an induced effect on the phase-separation, which embodies that the phase-separation temperature (Ts) of PMMA/SAN blend filled with GB is lower than that of the unfilled system. The higher content of GB, the higher is the "secondary plateau" of ω in the terminal region of storage modulus (G') versus ω plot. The "secondary plateau" appearing in the terminal region is attributed to the phase-separation of PMMA/SAN blends and it becomes more fiat for filled polymer blends under the same conditions. However, it is suggested that this kind of "induced effect" is related to the GB content; the higher content of GB particles might enhance the interaction between the particles and polymer matrix. Moreover, it is found that the addition of GB also has an influence more or less on the morphology and domain size of polymer matrix. It is believed that the plot of dynamic viscosity (η') versus the loss viscosity (η") is sensitive to examine the effect induced by GB on the phase-separation of binary polymer matrix. 相似文献
107.
钢铁表面W—S簇合物彩色钝化膜的组成和结构 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
通过(NH4)2WS4溶液浸渍,在钢铁表面获得了具有良好装饰效果和耐蚀性能的彩色W-S簇合物膜.FT-IR、F-IR、FT-Raman、XPS和AES分析结果表明,簇合物膜中存在W—S—Fe、端基W—S和端基W—O键,膜层由W、S、Fe、O元素组成,膜外层各元素价态分别为+6、+6(+4)、+3、-2,膜内层其价态则分别为+6(+4)、-2、+2、-2.膜为多分子层结构,从AES深度分布曲线的组成恒定区求得了元素的相对原子分数和膜层厚度.反应时间越长,膜越厚.在250℃空气中加热2h后膜层所含元素种类和价态不变,但各元素的分布和膜的结构发生了变化 相似文献
108.
Casein is well known as a good protein emulsifier and beta-casein is the major component of casein and commercial sodium caseinate. Dye affinity adsorption is increasingly used for protein separation. beta-Casein adsorption onto Reactive Red 120 attached magnetic poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (m-PHEMA) beads was investigated in this work. m-PHEMA beads (80-120 microm in diameter) were produced by dispersion polymerization. The dichlorotriazine dye Reactive Red 120 was attached covalently as a ligand. The dye attached beads, having a swelling ratio of 55% (w/w) and carrying different amounts of Reactive Red 120 (9.2 micromol . g(-1)-39.8 micromol . g(-1)), were used in beta-casein adsorption studies. The effects of the initial concentration, pH, ionic strength and temperature on the adsorption efficiency of dye attached beads were studied in a batch reactor. The non-specific adsorption on the m-PHEMA beads was 1.4 mg . g(-1). Reactive Red 120 attachment significantly increased the beta-casein adsorption up to 37.3 mg . g(-1). More than 95.4% of the adsorbed beta-casein was desorbed in 1 h in a desorption medium containing 1.0 M KSCN at pH 8.0. We concluded that Reactive Red 120 attached m-PHEMA beads can be applied for beta-casein adsorption without significant losses in the adsorption capacities. 相似文献
109.
Peter Hänggi Peter Jung Christine Zerbe Frank Moss 《Journal of statistical physics》1993,70(1-2):25-47
The phenomenon of stochastic resonance is studied in the presence of colored noise. Several sources of colored noise are introduced and the consequences for the asymptotic time-periodic probability and the (phase-averaged) power spectrum are discussed. Based on space-time symmetry considerations, selection rules for the occurrence of-spikes in the power spectrum are derived. The effect of colored noise on the amplification of small periodic signals is studied in terms of effective, time-periodic Fokker-Planck equations: In overdamped systems driven by colored noise, we find that SR is suppressed with increasing noise color. In contrast, for colored noise induced by inertia (as well as for asymmetric dichotomic noise), one obtains an enhancement of SR. This latter result is obtained by studying the Kramers equation perturbed by a small periodic force. 相似文献
110.
Evidence is presented that all three theoretically predicted modes of phase separation take place in the ternary system polysulfone(PSf)/N,N-dimethyl acetamide(DMA)/water during the process of wet phase separation (WPS). The elementary process of solidification is reconsidered with regard to the (non-) equilibrium phase separation. Cast solutions with more than 15 wt% of PSf undergo nucleation and growth of the polymer lean phase with formation of separation membranes characterised by a cellular structure. When cast solutions with about 5-7 wt% of PSf undergo WPS, somewhere inside the ternary system conditions are established so that alongside other solidified PSf structures the bicontinuous spinodal structures superimposed by bead-like structures are also formed. Variety of lacy PSf structures with less/more polymer beads is the manifestation of the primary phase separation by the spinodal mode superimposed by the secondary phase separation taking place by heterogeneous nucleation and growth of the polymer rich phase mode. Latex formation during the WPS will also be explained. Skin formation on the cast solution - coagulation bath interface by direct accumulation of polymer is established regardless of the PSf content in the cast solution. 相似文献