Preparation of magnetic chitosan microspheres and its applications in wastewater treatment

The methods of preparation of magnetic chitosan microspheres have been introduced. In addition, their applications in the wastewater treatment, based on different kinds of wastewater, have been reviewed, and their mechanisms have been discussed. Supported by the Key Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50633030)     

Preparation and characterization of PS/pAPBA core-shell microspheres

Polystyrene microspheres with an average diameter of 55 μm were prepared by suspension polymerization via oxidation of the monomer by ammonium persulfate. Poly-3-aminophenylboronic acid was grafted onto the surfaces of the polystyrene microspheres to form polystyrene/poly-3-aminophenylboronic acid core- shell micospheres. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nitrogen adsorption/desorption method. The results show that poly-3-aminophenylboronic acid was successfully grafted to the surfaces of the polystyrene microspheres by aromatic ring electronpairing interaction. The surfaces of the core-shell microspheres possessed a porous structure, with the average pore diameter of 30.2 nm and the BET surface area of 193.26 m²/g. __________ Translated from Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, 2008, 25(4) (in Chinese)     

化学气相沉积法制备ZnSe微球

采用化学气相沉积方法,以MiSe2为前驱体,制备出尺寸均匀、分散度好的ZnSe微球.通过XRD、EDS和FESEM对产物的结构、成分和形貌进行了测试与表征.结果表明:所得ZnSe微球为立方闪锌矿结构,直径在800～1000 nm之间,具有近于理想的化学计量比.变温光致发光谱研究表明,ZnSe微球在550～640 nm处存在与Zn空位及杂质能级相关的发光峰.     

利用水平沉积法制作PS微球二元胶体薄膜及其它复杂结构

本文采用水平沉积方法,制作出各种胶体晶体薄膜.以聚苯乙烯微球为构建单元,制作了多种二元胶体晶体和非单一平面的胶体晶体.为实现太赫兹光子晶体波导,还采用这一方法将线缺陷植入胶体晶体.结果显示通过该方法可以获得很好的有序结构,说明水平沉积方法可以广泛于各种胶体晶体制作.     

纳米玉米醇溶蛋白微球稳定的O/W型Pickering乳液

利用相分离工艺制备玉米醇溶蛋白(zein)纳米微球,微球粒径可控制在40 nm左右;经旋转蒸发制得zein溶胶体系,zein溶胶具有明显的丁达尔现象,静置数月不聚沉,Zeta电位法测得zein微球在pH值为4.0时分散性能最佳。 以纳米zein微球为固相稳定剂制备O/W型Pickering乳液,考察了zein胶体加入量、油水体积比等因素对乳液稳定性的影响。 实验结果表明,zein胶体加入量的质量分数控制为0.4%,高油水体积比将有利于Pickering乳液的长时间稳定。 基于zein分子的两亲结构和界面组装特点,提出了zein微球稳定Pickering乳液的作用机制。     

Facile aqueous synthesis and thermal insulating properties of low-density glass/TiO2 core/shell composite hollow spheres

Anatase TiO2 shells assembled on hollow glass microspheres(HGM)with tunable morphologies were successfully prepared through a controllable chemical precipitation method with urea as the precipitator. Thus,glass/TiO2 core/shell composite hollow spheres with low particle density(0.40 g/cm3)were fabricated.The phase structures,morphologies,particle sizes,shell thicknesses,and chemical compositions of the composite microspheres were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS).The morphology of the TiO2 shell can be tailored by properly monitoring the reaction system component and parameters.The probable growth mechanism and fabrication process of the core/shell products involving the nucleation and oriented growth of TiO2 nanocrystals on hollow glass microspheres was proposed.A low infrared radiation study revealed that the radiation properties of the products are greatly influenced by the unique product shell structures. A thermal conductivity study showed that the TiO2/HGM possess low thermal conductivity that is similar to that of the pristine HGMs.This work provides an additional strategy to prepare low-density thermal insulating particles with tailored morphologies and properties.     

基于COMSOL 的感应耦合等离子体炬多物理场研究

为了优化锂微粉等离子体球化的工艺,对感应耦合等离子体炬进行二维建模,将电磁场计算域扩展到等离子体放电区域之外的空气区域,利用COMSOL 软件进行多物理场模拟。得到了等离子体的电磁场、温度和速度分布,并对分布形成的物理机制进行分析。模拟发现等离子体区域线圈段存在上下两组对称的回流涡,线圈段中部靠近约束管处等离子体速度分布杂乱,有激烈的径向打壁现象,乱流预计会对约束管壁相应位置造成一条环状的破裂效果。基于模拟结果,提出在采用感应耦合等离子体球化锂微粉的工艺工程中,可以将注粉口下移,绕开上回流涡。     

新型镍离子亲和色谱介质的制备及其性能考察

以氯甲基化聚苯乙烯交联微球(氯球)为载体基质、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)为溶剂、N,N-二异丙基乙胺(DIEA)催化,将合成的Lys(Boc)-OEt、氯乙酸乙酯连接到微球上。经水解使羧基裸露,与Ni²⁺螯合,制得新型镍离子亲和色谱介质。将其应用于His-Lys-Tyr三肽及Phe-His-Thr三肽纯化研究。以不含组氨酸的六肽作为杂质模型,用所制备的镍离子亲和介质进行分离。结果表明,所制备的镍离子亲和介质对两个含组氨酸的三肽具有很好的亲和作用,并实现了与不含组氨酸六肽的分离。     

Fe掺杂ZnO空心微球的制备与光催化性能

ZnO是一种重要的Ⅱ-Ⅵ族半导体材料,其能带宽度约为3.37eV,在光电子学、传感、光催化、发电等诸多领域都具有巨大的应用潜力。本文采用简单的离子交换和热蒸发法成功制备了Fe掺杂ZnO空心微球,并利用扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线粉末衍射仪对其形貌、结构以及成分等进行了详细的表征。光吸收测试证明Fe元素掺杂能够扩展ZnO的光吸收波段,实现波长375~600nm的光波吸收。另外,光催化实验证明Fe掺杂ZnO空心微球能够有效地促进罗丹明B的降解,表明合成的Fe掺杂ZnO空心微球是一种优异的光催化剂。     

Ni-Co/W型钡铁氧体双层空心微珠的制备及电磁性能的研究

用超声波化学镀工艺在W型钡铁氧体空心微珠表面沉积Ni-Co合金,制备了一种新型轻质吸波材料Ni-Co/W型钡铁氧体双层空心微珠(Ni-Co/W-Ba).运用扫描电镜、能谱分析和网络矢量分析仪研究了不同Ni2+/Co2+比对Ni-Co/W-Ba空心微珠的表面形貌、组成成分、沉积速率及电磁性能的影响.结果表明:Ni-Co合金颗粒首先在W-Ba空心微珠六角片状晶的间隙和沟壑中沉积,当填充完后开始在基体表面沉积直至完全包覆;化学镀液中Ni2+/Co2+比的不同导致Ni-Co合金沉积速度不同,其中Ni2+/Co2+比为4/0时沉积速度最快;完全包覆后的Ni-Co/W-Ba双层空心微珠的电磁吸波性能明显增强,小于-10 dB的有效吸波带宽由未镀Ni-Co合金前的不足l GHz拓宽至镀后的9.4 GHz.