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11.
An effective method was proposed for synthesizing (+)-cis-1R-acetoxymethyl-3-isopropenyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutane, a pheromone of the citrus mealybug, based on ozonolysis of verbenone that led in one step to the key synthon 1R,3S-3-acetyl-2,2-dimethylcyclobutanecarboxylic acid. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 179–180, March–April, 2006.  相似文献   
12.
    
An efficient ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry method was developed for separation and profiling of phytochemical constituents of Chinese wild mandarin Mangshanju (Citrus reticulata Blanco). All constituents were well separated within 16 min. Based on retention times, accurate mass, MSE fragments, and/or reference standards as well as databases, a total of 81 compounds were unambiguously identified or tentatively assigned including flavonoid glycosides, acylated flavonoid glycosides, flavones, polymethoxylated flavonoids, and limonoids as well as four other compounds. Among them, 22 polymethoxylated flavones and ten polymethoxylated flavanones/chalcones were identified in Mangshanju, more types than other citrus reported before. A basic procedure for identifying flavonoid‐O‐glycosides and the aglycones including polymethoxylated flavonoids was proposed. In addition, this method was successfully used to analyze another four mandarin germplasms, Cenxi suan ju, Xipi gousi gan, Nanfeng miju, and Or, showing that Mangshanju contained two characteristic compounds distinct from the other four citrus species. This study systematically profiled phytochemical constituents of Mangshanju, which was helpful for further utilization of Mangshanju owing to its abundant bioactive compounds.  相似文献   
13.
    
A magnetic solid‐phase extraction adsorbent that consisted of citrus peel‐derived nanoporous carbon and silica‐coated Fe3O4 microspheres (C/SiO2@Fe3O4) was successfully fabricated by co‐precipitation. As a modifier for magnetic microspheres, citrus peel‐derived nanoporous carbon was not only economical and renewable for its raw material, but exerted enormous nanosized pore structure, which could directly influence the type of adsorbed analytes. The C/SiO2@Fe3O4 also possessed the advantages of Fe3O4 microspheres like superparamagnetism, which could be easily separated magnetically after adsorption. Integrating the superior of biomass‐derived nanoporous carbon and Fe3O4 microspheres, the as‐prepared C/SiO2@Fe3O4 showed high extraction efficiency for target analytes. The obtained material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method, which demonstrated that C/SiO2@Fe3O4 was successfully synthesized. Under the optimal conditions, the adsorbent was selected for the selective adsorption of seven insecticides before gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection, and good linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 2–200 μg/kg with the correlation coefficient ranging from 0.9952 to 0.9997. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.03–0.39 μg/kg. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the enrichment and detection of seven insecticides in real vegetable samples.  相似文献   
14.
固相萃取气相色谱法测定水果中克菌丹和灭菌丹   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
采用硅镁吸附剂和硅胶作为混合固相萃取的净化方法,建立了固相萃取气相色谱法同时测定水果中克菌丹和灭菌丹的分析方法。研究了多种固相萃取柱和不同洗脱溶剂对克菌丹和灭菌丹保留行为的影响,优化了固相萃取净化方法及样品提取方法的分析条件。用GC-ECD检测,两种农药在0.05~2.0mg/L浓度范围内呈线性关系,相关系数大于0.997。苹果中4个浓度克菌丹和灭菌丹的加标回收率分别在100%~111%和104%~113%之间,RSD在3.0%~7.2%和2.8%~4.2%之间。在菠萝、草莓、梨和橙子中,克菌丹的平均回收率和RSD分别在95.6%~112%和2.5%~7.5%之间;灭菌丹在82.5%~96.4%和3.3%~8.0%之间,克菌丹和灭菌丹的方法检出限分别为0.012mg/kg和0.0056mg/kg。  相似文献   
15.
以内蒙古地区沙棘果实为原料,研究了提取黄色素的工艺条件,同时对该色素的性质进行了初步探讨。结果表明,以95%的乙醇溶液作浸提剂,提取的黄色素浓度最高,工艺流程简单易行,且无毒,无污染。对提取的黄色素进行的性质试验表明,沙棘黄色素对光、热具有较好的稳定性,适用于酸性或弱碱性的食品中,葡萄糖、氧化剂(H2O2)、还原剂(Na2SO3)等食品添加剂均无明显影响以上结果为这种优良天然色素的开发与应用提供了参考。  相似文献   
16.
Abstract

The determination of imazalil and prochloraz fungicide residues has been carried out by HPLC with an UV detector at 204 nm and by GLC with an electron capture detector (ECD).

In both cases fungicide residues were extracted with hexane/acetone (90:10, v/v) after pH adjustment and purified by a liquid-liquid partitioning process. When HPLC was used for prochloraz and imazalil analysis, it was necessary to eliminate the interfering substances with a further clean-up process. This was also required when samples with low residue levels were analyzed by GLC.

Recovery was always higher than 70%. The detection limit was 0.04 ppm for the HPLC method and 0.02 for the GLC method.

Imazalil and prochloraz residues in “Washington Navel” oranges and “Hernandina” clementine fruits, dipped in a 1000 ppm fungicide solution, are reported.  相似文献   
17.
  总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
High‐performance liquid chromatography with confirmation by UV–visible photodiode array detector–positive electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry [HPLC‐UV–vis‐DAD‐(+ESI)‐MS] with enhanced fragmentation by appropriate adjustment of the cone voltage was used to determine bioflavonoid content of five citrus species (tangerine, sanguine, sour orange, lemon and grapefruit) cultivated in Greece which come from citrus varieties analyzed for the first time. The main groups of bioflavonoids found in the juice of the citrus species according to HPLC retention times, spectral data and literature references were O‐glycosylated flavanones and flavones, C‐glucosylated flavones, O‐glucosylated flavones, O‐C‐glucosylated flavones like saponarin and a phenolic derivative. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   
18.
    
The concentrations of the polymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) in peels of selected citrus cultivars grown in Jamaica and Mexico were determined. The PMFs were extracted from sun-dried citrus peels with reagent-grade methanol. Analyses were carried out by reverse-phase HPLC and UV detection. The column used was a C(18) 5 microm (150 x 4.6 mm) Discovery column. Elution was in the gradient mode, using a ternary mobile phase. The results showed that all the citrus cultivars used contained at least three of the six major PMFs quantified. Ortanique peel contained the highest quantity of PMFs (34,393 +/- 272 ppm), followed by tangerine (28,389 +/- 343 ppm) and Mexican sweet orange (sample 1; 21,627 +/- 494 ppm). The major PMFs, i.e. sinensetin, nobiletin, tangeretin, heptamethoxyflavone, tetramethylscutellarein and hexamethyl-o-quercetagetin, present in the peels of 20 citrus cultivars, was quantified. The results were compared with those of Florida citrus peels. A large amount of citrus peels and byproducts are produced in the Caribbean which could provide a cheap and convenient source of PMFs.  相似文献   
19.
秉持变废为宝的理念,对富含花青素的蔬果皮进行简单处理,获得花青素提取液,再添加白醋或苏打使其变成多彩的植物颜料并作画。在研究过程中发现,紫薯的新鲜度是影响颜料色彩的关键因素之一,新鲜紫薯的颜料色彩偏褐色,而久置紫薯的更鲜艳、明亮。此外,鉴于花青素对酸碱敏感,液体颜料在使用时需先判断纸张的酸碱性。本科普实验生动直观地展示了化学变化,材料简单易得、绿色安全、操作简便,且居家即可实践,有利于激发大众对化学的兴趣与爱好,进而培养学生的动手动脑能力。  相似文献   
20.
气相色谱-质谱法测定蔬菜与水果中11种三唑类农药残留   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
建立了蔬菜和水果中11种三唑类农药残留的气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)测定方法。样品用乙腈均质提取,经石墨化炭黑/氨基复合柱净化,乙腈-甲苯(3∶1)洗脱。洗脱液经浓缩、溶剂交换后定容,采用气相色谱-质谱的选择离子监测方式(GC-MSD/SIM)进行测定,内标法定量。方法的线性范围为0.05~5ng,相关系数为0.996~1.000,对甘蓝、番茄、苹果、柑橘、菠菜5种空白基质分别进行0.01、0.05、0.10mg/kg3个水平加标,平均回收率为80%~97%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=10)为2.5%~8.4%。11种农药的检出限均为0.01mg/kg。该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,结果准确可靠。  相似文献   
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