Nephroprotective Effects of Alhagi camelorum against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Wistar Rats

Alhagi camelorum (AC) is an old plant with a significant therapeutic value throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The overuse of cisplatin (Cis > 50 mg/m²) is associated with observed nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrotoxicity, myelosuppression, and allergic reactions. Remedial measures are needed for the protection of nephrotoxicity against cisplatin. Thus, we investigated the nephroprotective effects of AC plant extract to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino Wistar rats. The presence of polyphenols, phenolic compounds, tannins, and saponins was revealed during phytochemical investigation, and a significantly intense antioxidant activity was recorded. There were no toxicological symptoms in the treated rats, and no anatomical, physiological, or histological abnormalities were found compared to the control rats. The results of correcting cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity revealed that the extract has a significant ability to treat kidney damage, with most parameters returning to normal after only three weeks of therapy. It is concluded that co-administration of cisplatin with AC extract showed exceptional nephroprotective effects at a dose of 600 mg/kg for Cis-induced nephrotoxicity.     

泡沫镍载碳化钨催化剂上的析氢反应

结合直接化学还原法和交替微波法制备了泡沫Ni载Ni-WC催化剂,用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电镜对催化剂进行了表征,研究了其析氢电催化性能.结果表明,在相同条件下,泡沫Ni载Ni-WC催化剂的析氢起始电位与泡沫Ni相比降低了60 mV左右.电解质浓度和温度对泡沫Ni载Ni-WC催化剂的析氢电催化活性有很大影响.     

雾化辅助化学气相沉积法氧化镓薄膜生长研究

采用自主设计搭建的雾化辅助化学气相沉积系统设备,开展了Ga₂O₃薄膜制备及其特性研究工作。通过X射线衍射研究了沉积温度、系统沉积压差对Ga₂O₃薄膜结晶质量的影响。结果表明,Ga₂O₃在425~650 ℃温度区间存在物相转换关系。随着沉积温度从425 ℃升高至650 ℃,薄膜结晶分别由非晶态、纯α-Ga₂O₃结晶状态向α-Ga₂O₃、β-Ga₂O₃两相混合结晶状态改变。通过原子力显微镜表征探究了生长温度对Ga₂O₃薄膜表面形貌的影响,从475 ℃升高至650 ℃时,薄膜表面粗糙度由26.8 nm下降至24.8 nm。同时,高分辨X射线衍射仪测试表明475 ℃、5 Pa压差条件下的α-Ga₂O₃薄膜样品半峰全宽仅为190.8″,为高度结晶态的单晶α-Ga₂O₃薄膜材料。     

手性镧系位移试剂核磁共振法测定芳氧丙酸酯类除草剂对映体纯度

以Eu(hfc)3和Pr(hfc)3为手性镧系位移试剂(CLSR),比较了两种CLSR对2,4-滴丙酸甲酯的1HNMR和13C NMR谱手性分离效果,结果表明:Pr(hfc)3比Eu(hfc)3对手性中心相连的甲基具有更好的手性分离效果。首次应用Pr(hfc)3测定了盖草能、稳杀得和喹禾灵3种手性芳氧丙酸酯类除草剂的1HNMR和13CNMR谱,其1HNMR谱分离度R约为1,盖草能和喹禾灵的13C NMR谱分离度R大于1.5,说明1H NMR和13CNMR谱手性分离效果适用于对映体纯度测定。与手性色谱法相比,CLSR-NMR法测定对映体纯度具有操作简便、分析速度快的显著优势。     

番荔枝内酯————明日抗癌之星

本文介绍一类近年来被发现于番荔枝科(Annonaceae)植物中的强抗肿瘤活性化合物----番荔枝内酯(annonaceousacetogenin) , 从这类化合物的结构特点, 生理活性, 生源假说, 化学合成等几个方面综述了在该领域的氧基状况 .     

一种新的ⅥA族化学反应振荡器：Na_2S_2O_8－KSCN－CuSO_4体系

一种新的ⅥＡ族化学反应振荡器：Ｎａ_２Ｓ_２Ｏ_８－ＫＳＣＮ－ＣｕＳＯ_４体系林娟娟，高庆宇，宋浩，黄振炎，赵学庄（南开大学化学系，天津，３０００７１）关键词化学振荡，非线性化学反应，过硫酸盐，硫氰酸盐自经典的均相ＢＺ化学振荡反应体系的发现及提出耗散结构...     

固相萃取-气相色谱/负化学电离-质谱法测定酸水解植物蛋白及酱油中的3-氯-1,2-丙二醇

建立了酸水解植物蛋白及酱油中3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD)的固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱测定方法。样品经Aoisa-HBL固相萃取柱萃取,正己烷-乙酸乙酯净化提取,七氟丁酰咪唑衍生,衍生物经气相色谱/负化学电离-质谱（GC/NCI-MS）选择离子模式(SIM)检测,外标法定量。3-MCPD的定量检测限为0.5 μg/kg,平均回收率为92.2%～97.4%,相对标准偏差为3.6%～10.9%。该方法检测灵敏度高,定性定量准确。     

手性锌卟啉的热力学性质及其理论计算研究

通过紫外-可见光谱滴定法和圆二色光谱法，对手性锌卟啉化合物(ZnP)与4种咪唑类小分子的轴向配位反应的热力学性质进行了研究。测定的热力学数据和圆二色光谱的实验结果显示，配位常数按K(2-MeIm)>K(Im)>K(N-MeIm)>K(2-Et-4-MeIm)的顺序依次减弱，咪唑类配体的轴向配位能力按2-Et-4-MeIm<N-MeIm相似文献   

Kinetics and mechanism of catalytic oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds with dioxygen in the Pd-containing aqua system

The oxidation of lower aliphatic alcohols C₁–C₄ with dioxygen to form the corresponding carbonyl compounds in the presence of the PdII tetraaqua complexes and Fe^II-Fe^III aqua ions in an aqueous medium was studied at 40–80 °C. The introduction of an aromatic compound (acetophenone, benzonitrile, phenylacetonitrile, o-cyanotoluene, nitrobenzene) and Fe^II aqua ion instead of the Fe^III aqua ion into the reaction system increases substantially the catalytic activity and the yield of the carbonyl compound. The key role of the Pd species in the intermediate oxidation state stabilized by the aromatic additive in the catalytic cycle of alcohol oxidation with dioxygen to the carbonyl compound was shown. An increase in the kinetic isotope effect with an increase in the temperature of methanol oxidation indicates a change in the rate-determining step of alcohol oxidation with dioxygen in the presence of Pd^II-Fe^II-Fe^III and the aromatic compound. At temperatures below 60 °C, the catalytically active palladium species are mainly formed upon the reduction of the Pd^II tetraaqua complex with the Fe^II aqua ion, whereas at higher temperatures the reaction between the alcohol and Pd^II predominates. The mechanism and kinetic equation of the process were proposed. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 842–848, May, 2007.     

海南捕鸟蛛毒素-Ⅲ的固相化学合成和氧化复性

应用芴甲氧羰基(Fmoc)固相化学合成了海南捕鸟蛛毒素-Ⅲ,并优化了其最佳氧化复性条件。最佳的氧化复性条件为pH 7.5的重蒸水溶液体系,样品质量浓度为0.1 g/L,还原型谷胱甘肽和氧化型谷胱甘肽的浓度分别为 1.0 mmol/L和0.1 mmol/L、L-Arg浓度为1.0 mol/L。复性产物经质谱测定其相对分子质量为3607.68;与天然毒素等量混合后用高效液相色谱分析得到单一峰;膈神经-膈肌标本生理实验结果表明,合成的毒素具有与天然毒素相同的生物学活性,从而可确定二者在结构与功能上具有一致性。