胶子遮蔽和末态作用对p—A碰撞中粲偶素和b夸克偶素产额压低的贡献

本文用胶子结构函数的遮蔽效应和末态作用分析了在ｐ－Ａ碰撞中粲偶素和ｂ夸克偶素产额压低的实验数据，较好地描述了粲偶素和ｂ夸克偶素产额的压低与Ａ和Ｘ２的关系．     

由次转移函数及进入律决定的马氏过程

本文从次转移函数和进入律出发 ,构造了一类轨道空间上的测度 ,在该测度下 ,坐标过程为具有吸收态的马氏过程     

Convergence rates for steady-state derivative estimators

We describe various derivative estimators for the case of steady-state performance measures and obtain the order of their convergence rates. These estimatorsdo not use explicitly the regenerative structure of the system. Estimators based on infinitesimal perturbation analysis, likelihood ratios, and different kinds of finite-differences are examined. The theoretical results are illustrated via numerical examples.     

A （2, 3） quantum threshold scheme based on Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state

In this paper, by using properties of quantum controlled-not manipulation and entanglement states, we have designed a novel (2, 3) quantum threshold scheme based on the Greenberger- Horne -Zeilinger (GHZ) state. The proposed scheme involves two phases, i.e. a secret sharing phase and a secret phase. Detailed proofs show that the proposed scheme is of unconditional security. Since the secret is shared among three participants, the proposed scheme may be applied to quantum key distribution and secret sharing.     

Charged particle radiotherapy at the Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center: Characteristics,technology and clinical results

The Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center was constructed in 2001 as the world’s first charged particle radiotherapy center where both proton and carbon-ion radiotherapy can be performed. From April 2001 to February 2007, more than 1,400 patients with a variety of cancers were treated. Most of the tumors except for prostate cancer were considered hard to cure with standard treatments such as surgery or conventional x-ray radiotherapy. The clinical results obtained so far are very encouraging, mainly due to the excellent dose localization to the tumor and strong cell killing effects of protons and carbon-ions. The good indications are localized tumors including skull base tumors, head and neck tumors, cancers of the lung, the liver, and the prostate, and bone and soft tissue sarcomas. Charged particle radiotherapy will significantly improve the quality of life of cancer patients and promote their speedy return to normal lives or work if it is used for early stage cancer.     

An optical scheme for conditional generation of W state and photon-added coherent state

We propose a simple scheme to generate an arbitrary photon-added coherent state of a travelling optical field by combining an array of degenerate parametric amplifiers and corresponding single-photon detectors. Particularly, when the single-photon-added coherent state is observed by developing the novel technique of Zavatta et al （2004 Science 306 660）, we can simultar/eously obtain the generalized N-qubit W state.     

SCDA for 3D lattice gases with repulsive interaction

The selfconsistent diagram approximation (SCDA) is generalized for three-dimensional lattice gases with nearest neighbor repulsive interactions. The free energy is represented in a closed form through elementary functions. Thermodynamical (phase diagrams, chemical potential and mean square fluctuations), structural (order parameter, distribution functions) as well as diffusional characteristics are investigated. The calculation results are compared with the Monte Carlo simulation data to demonstrate high precision of the SCDA in reproducing the equilibrium lattice gas characteristics. It is shown that similarly to two-dimensional systems the specific statistical memory effects strongly influence the lattice gas diffusion in the ordered states. Received 7 August 2002 / Received in final form 22 January 2003 Published online 24 April 2003     

Correspondence between spin-dynamic phases and pulse program phases of NMR spectrometers

Spin state selective experiments have become very useful tools in solution NMR spectroscopy, particularly in the context of TROSY line narrowing. However, the practical implementation of such pulse sequences is frequently complicated by unexpected instrument behavior. Furthermore, a literal theoretical analysis of sequences published with specific phase settings can fail to rationalize such experiments and can seemingly contradict experimental findings. In this communication, we develop a practical approach to this ostensible paradox. Spin-dynamic design, rationalization, and simulation of NMR pulse sequences, as well as their confident and reliable implementation across current spectrometer hardware platforms, require precise understanding of the underlying nutation axis conventions. While currently often approached empirically, we demonstrate with a simple but general pulse program how to uncover these correspondences a priori in the general case. From this, we deduce a correspondence table between the spin-dynamic phases used in NMR theory and simulation on the one hand and pulse program phases of current commercial spectrometers on the other. As a practical application of these results, we analyze implementations of the original (1)H-(15)N TROSY experiment and illustrate how steady-state magnetization can be predictably, rather than empirically, added to a desired component. We show why and under which circumstances a literal adoption of phases from published sequences can lead to incorrect results. We suggest that pulse sequences should be consistently given with spin-dynamically correct (physical) phases, rather than in spectrometer-specific (software) syntax.     

Probabilistic Teleportation of an Arbitrary n-Particle Entangled State

A scheme for teleporting an arbitrary n-particle entangled state via n pairs of non-maximally entangled states is proposed. The probability of successful teleportation is determined only by the smaller coefficients of the partially entangled pairs. The method is very easy to be realized.     

Deriving Internal Energy by Virtue of Generalized Feynman-Hellmann Theorem for Mixed States

We show how to directly use the generalized Feynman-Hellmann theorem, which is suitable for mixed state ensemble average, to derive the internal energy of Hamiltonian systems. A concrete example, which is a two coupled harminic oscillators, is used for elucidating our approach.