Modelling the effect of methanol,glycol inhibitors and electrolytes on the equilibrium stability of hydrates with the SAFT-VR approach

In this work we integrate the statistical associating fluid theory for fluids interacting through potentials of variable range (SAFT-VR) into a traditional van der Waals and Platteeuw framework for modelling clathrate hydrates. We incorporate a new water–guest cell potential for the hydrate phase that can be related to the potential adopted in the familiar SAFT-VR equation of state for modelling fluids. We show how the ability of this equation of state to treat a wide range of complex fluids increases the scope of hydrate modelling to incorporate, in a single framework, the presence of various inhibitors (alcohols, glycols) or brines – or, indeed, any fluid for which a model is available (for use within SAFT-VR) or can be conveniently obtained. Agreement with experimental results is good throughout and, in many cases, excellent.     

铯原子蒸气薄池中的透射光谱

对单光束通过蒸气薄池中的铯原子6S1/2→6P3/2跃迁的透射光谱进行了实验研究，其透射光谱呈现出亚多谱勒特性。利用频率调制技术提高信号的灵敏度，同时研究了激光强度对信号的影响。     

Investigation of the Li1+xV3O8 electrode–organic electrolyte interface by scanning photoelectron microscopy

To investigate the formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) on the Li_1+xV₃O₈ electrode surface in the thermodynamic stability range of the organic electrolyte, we applied scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM) to a pristine electrode and to an electrode after ten cycles. The F K-edge absorption spectrum of the cycled electrode showed that LiF forms on the electrode surface during the lithium insertion–extraction process in the Li_1+xV₃O₈/Li cell. The photoelectron spectrum for the cycled electrode showed intense spectral features corresponding to Li 1s, F 2s, F 2p, and P 2p electron signals, whereas these spectral features were of negligible intensity for the pristine electrode. The above results give strong support for the formation of an SEI that consists of LiF and compounds containing phosphorus during operation of the battery. The SPEM images also revealed that the fluorine distribution on the surface of the cycled electrode was inhomogeneous.     

Cell image recognition with radial harmonic Fourier moments

Various types of moments have been utilized to recognize image patterns in a number of applications. Multi-distortion invariant－radial harmonic Fourier moments were investigated in the recognition of cell smear images. Image recognition experiments showed that radial harmonic Fourier moments are not only highly concentrated image features but also have a good property of antidistortion and antinoise. They may be used in fast and accurate automatic cell recognition.     

飞秒激光在细胞纳米手术中的应用

激光类型不同,其与生物组织的作用机理也不同。其中飞秒激光由于脉冲持续时间短、瞬时功率大、聚焦尺寸小的特点,使得其在超快、超强和超精细领域有着广阔的应用前景。而结构微小的细胞的动力学研究,如有丝分裂、变形和凋亡,对于了解细胞的生物和发育行为有着重要作用。且生物大分子和水几乎不吸收近红外波长的光,故考虑应用近红外飞秒激光对细胞进行手术。这种激光手术技术已用于对细胞内结构进行切割和蚀除。介绍了该技术在细胞领域中的一些应用,如纳米手术、基因转染和染色体切割等。与传统技术相比,该技术精度高,可在不损伤细胞活性的前提下对细胞进行实验。     

扫描电化学显微镜在功能材料分析中的应用

扫描电化学显微镜是一种扫描探针技术,利用微电极检测发生在固／液、液／液或者气／液界面反应物或者反应产物的连续变化。这里将对该技术原理进行详细说明。过去我们工作主要都集中在固定化酶的活性成像。最近研究的领域开始拓展到与能源转变相关材料上,如染料敏化太阳能电池和（生物）燃料电池的氧气催化还原。起初的尝试已经扩展到如何扩宽研究材料的范围和成像模式的应用范围。扫描电化学显微镜的反馈和产生～收集模式已被用于研究染料敏化太阳能电池半导体／电解质界面的光激发染料阳离子再生过程。现在开始关注更多的与太阳能的再生,燃料电池或染料敏化太阳能电池相关的复杂反应,这些复杂的反应包括外部质量传输过程、内部质量和电荷传输过程、多孔物质反应中心的本身活性等。     

Effect of thickness on physical properties of electron beam vacuum evaporated CdZnTe thin films for tandem solar cells

The thickness and physical properties of electron beam vacuum evaporated CdZnTe thin films have been optimized in the present work. The films of thickness 300 nm and 400 nm were deposited on ITO coated glass substrates and subjected to different characterization tools like X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV‐Vis spectrophotometer, source meter and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to investigate the structural, optical, electrical and surface morphological properties respectively. The XRD results show that the as-deposited CdZnTe thin films have zinc blende cubic structure and polycrystalline in nature with preferred orientation (111). Different structural parameters are also evaluated and discussed. The optical study reveals that the optical transition is found to be direct and energy band gap is decreased for higher thickness. The transmittance is found to increase with thickness and red shift observed which is suitable for CdZnTe films as an absorber layer in tandem solar cells. The current-voltage characteristics of deposited films show linear behavior in both forward and reverse directions as well as the conductivity is increased for higher film thickness. The SEM studies show that the as-deposited CdZnTe thin films are found to be homogeneous, uniform, small circle-shaped grains and free from crystal defects. The experimental results confirm that the film thickness plays an important role to optimize the physical properties of CdZnTe thin films for tandem solar cell applications as an absorber layer.     

图胞映射的一种改进方法

通过引入新的概念，提出了图胞映射动力系统中瞬态胞的新的分类方法，基于新的分类方法研究了动力系统中不变流形的胞映射逼近问题；并结合计算机的计算速度与内存特点，建立了完成上述压缩分类的有效算法.通过对典型算例Henon映射的应用分析，证实了该方法的有效性.     

空间微小碎片对低轨道航天器太阳电池表面撞击损伤研究

低轨道空间微小碎片密度相对较高,对太阳电池等大面积暴露材料的累积撞击损伤效应是航天器设计中应考虑的主要问题之一.以典型的太阳同步轨道为例分析和计算了太阳电池表面所遭遇的微小碎片通量,进行了微小碎片的撞击损伤模拟实验,并建立了撞击损伤方程.根据碎片通量分布及撞击损伤方程计算了微小碎片的超高速撞击所产生的太阳电池表面的面积损伤率,通过光学透射率的实验测试并结合理论模型,对碎片导致的太阳电池光学透射率衰减进行了计算和分析.结果表明,10a累积撞击导致的太阳电池表面的面积损伤率平均约为0.61%,严重时达到2.3 关键词： 微小碎片 超高速撞击 太阳电池 玻璃盖片     

Full-Wave Analyses for a Multi-Layered Microstrip Patch Antenna

This paper describes numerical modelling of a dual band multi-layered microstrip patch antenna operating at 35GHz on an in-house semi-insulating GaAs substrate. The simulated and measured resonant frequencies at both lower and upper resonant frequencies will be compared to check the accuracy of the different numerical modelling techniques.