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61.
Kai‐lu Yu Chang‐jun Liu Yue‐ping Zhang Fei He Xin‐li Zhu Baldur Eliasson 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》2004,24(3):393-403
PdO/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by glow discharge plasma treatment followed by thermal calcination show a much higher dispersion and a better catalytic activity for methane combustion at relatively low temperatures. The dispersion of palladium active species by such plasma prepared catalysts is 29.7%, 5.4 times higher than that of conventional catalysts. XPS analysis indicates that a surface enrichment of Pd active species (PdO) has been achieved after plasma treatment. The surface atomic composition of PdO of plasma prepared catalysts reaches 10.5%. XRD characterization also confirms a wellcrystallized PdO phase present on the plasma prepared catalyst. The lightoff temperature of the plasma prepared catalyst is 370°C, 50°C lower than that obtained from the conventional catalyst. 相似文献
62.
Changes in binding affinity to catalytic antibody 6D9 of chloramphenicol phosphonate derivatives (CPDs) containing H or F were investigated by performing free energy calculations based on molecular dynamics simulations. We calculated the binding free energy, enthalpy, and entropy changes (DeltaDeltaG, DeltaDeltaH, and -TDeltaDeltaS) attributable to H-->F substitution by comparing results for CPDs containing a trifluoroacetylamino group (CPD-F) or an acetylamino group (CPD-H). The calculated DeltaDeltaG, DeltaDeltaH, and -TDeltaDeltaS values were -2.9, -6.3, and 3.5 kcal mol(-1) and close to experimental values observed for a series of similar ligands, chloramphenicol phosphonates with F and H (-1.4, -3.5, and 2.1 kcal mol(-1)). Therefore, CPD-F binds more strongly to 6D9 than does CPD-H. To clarify the origin of the large difference in DeltaDeltaG, we apportioned the calculated values of DeltaDeltaG and DeltaG for the associated and dissociated states into contributions from various atomic interactions. We found that the H-->F substitution increased the binding affinity mainly by decreasing the hydration free energy and not by increasing favorable interactions with the antibody. The decreased hydration free energy of the ligand was mainly due to unfavorable coulombic interactions between the trifluoroacetylamino group and solvent waters, which increased the free energy of the dissociated state (by about 3.7 kcal mol(-1)). Also, the trifluoroacetylamino group slightly increased the free energy level of the associated state (about 0.8 kcal mol(-1)) because favorable van der Waals interactions compensated for unfavorable coulombic interactions with antibody atoms. In addition, the enthalpy and entropy changes, DeltaDeltaH and -TDeltaDeltaS (computationally -6.3 and 3.5 kcal mol(-1)), originated mainly from a decrease in hydration free energy in the dissociated state. The CPD-F and CPD-H ligands had substantially different structures in the dissociated and complexed states. 相似文献
63.
Byung-Sik Jang Kyo-Hyun Cho Kyung-Hoon Kim Dae-Won Park 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2005,86(1):75-82
Summary The performance of acid-treated montmorillonite catalysts in the degradation of polystyrene (PS) was investigated in this study. The degradation was carried out in a semi-batch reactor with a mixture of PS and catalyst at 400-450oC. The commercial Süd Chemie acid-treated montmorillonite clays (K-series) showed good catalytic activity for the degradation of PS. The styrene monomer and ethylbenzene were major liquid products. The increase of surface acidity enhanced further cracking of styrene dimer and trimer to produce styrene monomer. Higher production of ethylbenzene for K30 may be related to its bigger pore volume and surface area compared to those of K5. High degradation temperature favored styrene monomer production. 相似文献
64.
65.
甲烷直接氧化制甲醇Ⅲ.反应气吹扫催化膜反应器(RSCMR) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用溶胶-凝胶法制备了“SiO_2/陶瓷”非对称无机膜,并用该膜制备了反应气吹扫催化膜反应器(RSCMR)装置。在RSCMR上考察了甲烷一步催化氧化制甲醇反应。结果表明,在研究的范围内,增加氧气或甲烷的浓度和吹扫气的流速(即总的反应气流量)有利于提高甲醇的收率;甲醇在反应条件下的热不稳定性是影响目标反应选择性的重要原因。RSCMR较膜反应器(CMR)系统能更有效地抑制甲醇的热分解,因而可得到较CMR更高的甲醇收率。当反应温度为700℃时,甲醇的收率在CMR中为0.5g/m ̄2h,在RSCMR中可达0.9g/m ̄2h。 相似文献
66.
67.
用X射线衍射分析、FT-IR、小角X光散射等方法研究了浸渍法制备的NiO/SiO_2和NiO/(La_2O_3+SiO_2)样品中组分之间的相互作用。La_2O_3在SiO_2上可形成近乎密置单层的分散。在负载了La_2O_3的SiO_2上,NiO的分散程度比在SiO_2上有明显提高,也更容易被还原,而且还原后所得金属镍粒子的平均粒度降低,小粒子所占百分比提高。这些结果表明,NiO/(La_2O_3+SiO_2)比NiO/SiO_2样品具有更高的加氢还原硝基普鲁卡因为胺基普鲁卡因的活性,与Ni/(La_2O_3+SiO_2)比Ni/SiO_2活性高的情形相一致。 相似文献
68.
Kzysztof Schmidt-Szałowski Anna Borucka Sławomir Jodzis 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》1990,10(3):443-450
The catalytic action of granular silica packing on ozone formation has been observed under discharge conditions. Using a glass ozonizer with a metal high-voltage electrode, at a frequency of 400 Hz it was possible to obtain much higher ozone concentrations in the presence q( silica than without packing, with the same total energy consumption. The dependence between ozone production and energy efficiency is considered, and conditions of the optimum ozonizer run are discussed. It is shown that in the all-glass ozonizer with a narrow discharge gap, the ozone concentration may be as high as 6.5% (ca. 130g O3/m3) when silica packing is applied. 相似文献
69.
Application of acetonitrile as a solvent in the catalytic carbonylation of potassiumN,2-dichlorobenzenesulfonamidate allowed to reduce the catalyst/substrate ratio and the CO pressure as compared to those used
with chlorinated hydrocarbons. 相似文献
70.
以水滑石及类水滑石为前体的Mg/Al、Co/Al及Co/Mg/Al混合氧化物的合成、表征和异丙醇催化性能 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
以共沉淀法合成的水滑石(HT)和类水滑石(HTLc)为前体制备了镁铝、钴铝、钴镁铝混合氧化物,采用了BET、XRD、TG-DTA、TPR、FTIR和微量量热吸附及异丙醇催化反应进行了研究。结果表明:以HT和HTLc为前体制备的混合氧化物,其比表面积较大、并随着钴含量的增加而降低。在HT中引入Co2+离子后,由于Co2+离子的氧化还原属性,削弱了水滑石层对阴离子的键合能力,从而使其热分解温度及热稳定性降低,导至焙烧后生成的混合氧化物的比表面积比不含钴的2Mg/Al混合氧化物的低。在TPR过程中,镁铝混合氧化物不被还原,而含钴的混合氧化物的还原是经由Co3+ → Co2+ → Co0的过程。混合氧化物表面含有酸性位和碱性位,并随着钴含量的变化而得到调变。含钴氧化物样品的表面以L酸为主和含有很少量的B酸。异丙醇催化反应生成丙酮的选择性最高,表明样品表面的氧化还原位是主要的,随着钴的加入及含量的增大,异丙醇催化反应的转化率也是增大的。 相似文献