ABSTRACTCancer localized to the tongue is often characterized by increased stiffness in the affected region. This stiffness affects swallow in a manner that is difficult to quantify in patients. A biomechanical model was developed to simulate the spatio-temporal deformation of the tongue during the pharyngeal phase of swallow in patients with cancer of the tongue base. The model involves finite element analysis (FEA) of a three-dimensional (3D) model of the tongue reconstructed from magnetic resonance images (MRI). The tongue tissue is assumed to be hyper-elastic. In order to examine the effects of tissue change (increased stiffness) due to the presence of cancer localized to the tongue base, various sections of the 3D geometry are modified to exhibit different elastic properties. Three cases are considered, representing the normal tongue, a tongue with early-stage cancer, and tongue with late-stage cancer. Early- and late-stage cancers are differentiated by the degree of stiffness within the base of tongue tissue. Analysis of the model suggests that healthy tongue has a maximum deformation of 9.38 mm, whereas tongues having mild cancer and severe cancer have a maximum deformation of 8.65 and 6.17 mm, respectively. Biomechanical modelling is a useful tool to explain and estimate swallowing abnormalities associated with tongue cancer and post-treatment characteristics. 相似文献
Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of prostate‐cancer‐targeted HPMA copolymer/DTX conjugates are evaluated in nude mice bearing prostate cancer C4‐2 xenografts. PSMA‐specific monoclonal antibodies 3F/11 are used as the targeting moiety. Control conjugates contain either non‐specific IgG or no IgG. The ratios of tumor accumulation to total background organs (heart, lung, kidney, liver, spleen and blood) accumulation increase substantially with time for the targeted conjugate, and the ratio at 48 h is 7‐fold higher than that at 6 h. Preliminary evaluation of the efficacy of the conjugates in vivo show tumor growth inhibition for all HPMA copolymer/DTX conjugates.
Although some therapeutics provide an opportunity for cure, recurrence is a major obstacle to achieve a complete remission for lung cancers. Therefore, precise assessment of lung cancers has been a task with challenge. In recent years, integration of positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET–CT) and whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) have been introduced as an alternative to standard multimodality imaging strategies and are now increasingly applied to various malignancies. However, there is little information on the surveillance capability of WB-MRI in patients with lung cancers. We aimed to investigate the clinical potential of WB-MRI as a novel surveillance modality after curative treatments for lung cancers, comparing it with PET–CT. Sixty two consecutive patients with lung malignancy who underwent both WB-MRI and PET–CT were selected to assess the recurrent malignant lesions. The clinical data including radiologic and pathologic findings were collected and analyzed retrospectively. On each lymph node station, the ability of WB-MRI to detect malignant lesions significantly correlated with that of PET–CT (γ= 0.86; P<.01). The correlation coefficient ranged from 0.999 to 1 for assessing distant metastases from lung cancers by two modalities (P<.01). Based on the pathologic confirmation, both modalities showed an equivalent diagnostic accuracy (PET–CT: sensitivity 85.71%, specificity 47.27% versus WB-MRI: sensitivity 85.71%, specificity 56.25%). This study demonstrates the clinical potential of WB-MRI, together with PET–CT, as a novel surveillance modality for lung cancers after curative treatments. 相似文献
A number of exendin derivatives have been developed to target glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptors on beta cells in vivo. Modifications of exendin analogues have been shown to have significant effects on pharmacokinetics and, as such, have been used to develop a variety of therapeutic compounds. Here, we show that an exendin-4, modified at position 12 with a cysteine conjugated to a tetrazine, can be labeled with 18F-trans-cyclooctene and converted into a PET imaging agent at high yields and with good selectivity. The agent accumulates in beta cells in vivo and has sufficiently high accumulation in mouse models of insulinomas to enable in vivo imaging. 相似文献
To investigate the mechanism of the anti-tumor activity of cinobufacini on the breast cancer cell line T-47D,the inhibitory effect of cinobufacini on the proliferation of T-47D was detected via MTT assay and the morphological changes of T-47D and HBL-100 cells caused by cinobufacini were observed with an inverted microscope.Cell apoptosis and cell cycle stages were detected by flow cytometry analysis.The effects of cinobufacini on the expression of active-form and pro-form of caspase-3 were assessed by Western blot analysis.Cinobufacini dramatically inhibited T-47D proliferation in a dose-and time-dependent manner.We found that more than 20％ of T-47D cells were killed after treatment with 20 mg/mL cinobufacini for 24 h in vitro.After 6 d of treatment with 20 mg/mL cinobufacini,the cell survival rate decreased by more than 40％.Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that cinobufacini induced significant apoptosis and changes of the cell cycle distribution of T-47D cells.We used breast cell line HBL-100 as the control,the above experiments except cell cycle analysis showed that cinobufacini more obviously induced the apoptosis of T-47D cells than that of HBL-100 cells.Western blot analysis confirmed the protein expression of active caspase-3 increased with increasing the dose of cinobufacini.These results indicate that cinobufacini induces the apoptosis of T-47D cells via the up-regulation of caspase-3. 相似文献
The molecular mechanism of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC) remains unclear, and there has been no effective targeted therapy for it. A better understanding of the mechanisms of TNBC is urgently needed to identify new therapeutic targets. In this study, eight cases of premenopausal TNBC patients were collected, and a comparative proteomic analysis of their breast cancer tissues and matched paraneoplastic ones was performed via isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation(iTRAQ) technology coupled with two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrumetry(2D LC-MS/MS). The researches result in the identification of 1254 nonredundant proteins, of which 1243 proteins reached the strict quantitative standard. The quantitative comparison reveal that among the 214 proteins, 81 proteins significantly increased and 133 proteins decreased in TNBC tissues compared to corresponding ones in control. The Gene Ontology(GO) annotations and pathway analysis show their distributions in GO and the marked functions, as well as the closely related signal transduction pathways involved in extra cellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, renin-angiotensin system, complement and coagulation cascades and focal adhesion. This pilot study will lay a foundation for further searching for therapeutic targets of TNBC and exploring the molecular mechanism, which can also be extended as a part of a large scale biomarker discovery plan. 相似文献
