CXN天然沸石的研究VII. 骨架高硅超稳化改性

以高硅超稳化辉沸石(STI)为基底沸石, 分别经盐酸脱铝或氟硅酸铵脱铝补硅处理后制备的改性H-STI沸石, 其非骨架铝含量明显减少, 而后者骨架硅铝比进一步提高. X射线荧光散射光谱(XRF), ²⁷Al高分辨率魔角旋转固体核磁共振(MAS NMR), 红外(FT-IR)光谱等表征证明改性后的沸石骨架硅铝原子比分别为6.8和11.4. 低温氮吸附表明, 经盐酸处理的高硅STI沸石孔道开放完美, 但经氟硅酸铵处理的样品孔道被部分堵塞. 分段程序升温焙烧表明前者骨架热稳定性略差, 1000 ℃焙烧后结构基本被破坏, 而后者热稳定性较好, 经相同温度段焙烧后仍保持较高的结晶度和热稳定性, 其结构基本实现超稳化.     

热处理对SILAR法制备CuInSe_2薄膜性能的影响

0引言铜铟硒(CIS)具有合适的带隙、高光吸收系数、适当的电荷密度和迁移率,是一种用于薄膜太阳能电池的备受关注的吸收材料[1]。目前CuInSe2薄膜已采用多种方法进行制备,如金属前驱体硒化法[2]、共沉积法[3]、溅射法[4]、电沉积法[5]和化学气相沉积法[6]等。这些方法都有各自的     

焙烧气氛对Ru/Al2O3催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气反应性能的影响

采用气相色谱、质谱和原位时间分辨红外光谱等技术对空气和Ar气氛中焙烧的Ru/Al2O3催化剂样品上甲烷部分氧化(POM)制合成气反应进行了跟踪,并采用化学吸附、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱和H2-程序升温还原等技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,在Ru/Al2O3-Air上POM反应出现振荡现象,而在Ru/Al2O3-Ar上则可...     

Multicyclic study on the carbonation of CaO using different limestones

Different samples of limestones, with small differences in their stoichiometry, have been studied comparatively. The carbonation reaction has been studied for a large area of isothermal temperatures. The conditions for the multicyclic experiments of calcination/carbonation were: isothermal temperature 670°C, heating time 60 min and carrier gas CO₂. The final carbonation conversion depends mainly on the isothermal temperature of the carbonation reaction and the heating time. The final temperature of the calcination reaction depends on the percentage of CaO that it has not been conversed to CaCO₃ in the repeated carbonation experiments. The quantity of CaO that has not been carbonated, in the same sample, affects the values of the coefficients of the kinetic model that fit the calcination reaction. In the multicyclic experiments the carbonation conversion for two of the four studied samples, was high enough in comparison to other samples of calcite. At sample A the reduction of the carbonation conversion during the first five cycles is less than it is at other samples from the literature. Under the above experimental conditions — isothermal temperature and heating time — specific samples consisted mainly of calcite can absorb larger quantities of CO₂ than samples consisted mainly of dolomite.     

煅烧温度对湿化学法制备AlN粉体的影响

以六水合氯化铝和尿素为原料,甲醇为溶剂,在NH₃气氛下通过湿化学法制备AlN粉体,并采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和激光粒度仪对产物进行表征。结果表明:煅烧温度在900 ℃以上可获得六方AlN粉体;煅烧温度为1 000 ℃时获得的AlN粉体具有球形特征,粉体的平均晶粒尺寸为17.0 nm,平均粒径为159.5 nm。使用透射电子显微镜进一步表征了AlN粉体的微观结构。拉曼光谱结合能谱分析表明,存在于AlN粉体中的非晶杂质不是残留的含碳副产物,而是粉体表面水解产生的氢氧化铝。     

无烟粉煤催化气化含碱灰渣的锻烧无害化

报道了福建劣质无烟粉煤催化气化含碱灰渣在一内径φ32mm的实验室固定床模试装置中的煅烧研究。对水蒸汽油催化和混合气（空气/水蒸汽）催化气化的两种含碱灰渣进行煅烧处理,生成了难溶性的硅酸复盐。当煅烧温度870℃-900℃、煅烧时间25min-30min,可以达到85W/%以上的脱碱率;而3W/%脱碱助剂的加入,可使脱碱率提高到95W/%以上,实现了含碱灰渣的煅烧无害化。粉煤催化气化制度与含碱灰渣煅烧制度的一致性提供了科学地实现“催化气化-灰渣煅烧”集成式流化床新工艺的理论依据,加速了催化气化的工业化进程。     

新型CaO／MgO高温CO2吸收剂的循环反应特性

本文采用3种方法制备了新型复合CaO／MgO吸收剂,考察了不同制备方法对复合钙基吸收剂碳化／煅烧循环反应性能的影响。结果表明,不同制备方法能决定了钙基吸收剂中CaO颗粒与MgO颗粒在微观层面上的不同均匀混合程度,因此得到吸收剂的性能差异巨大。采用溶胶凝胶燃烧合成法制备的CaO／MgO吸收剂的性能明显优于其他两种常见方法...     

冷冻干燥法制备Li2O氚增殖剂陶瓷小球

以Li₂CO₃粉末为原料,采用一种冷冻干燥湿法工艺,制备出综合性能较好的Li₂O陶瓷小球。通过研究冷冻成形、煅烧、分解和烧结等工艺过程,优化了Li₂O陶瓷小球的制备工艺,并对获得的Li₂O陶瓷小球进行了性能表征。结果表明：冷冻成形制备的凝胶小球在650 ℃煅烧后可得到纯净的Li₂CO₃小球,再于真空条件下多步程序升温至720 ℃可制得主要相为Li₂O的小球,小球尺寸分布均匀,直径约为0.8 mm,平均晶粒尺寸为9 μm,于900 ℃高温烧结后小球的密度可达理论密度的69.5%。     

Low-temperature synthesis of nanocrystalline β-dicalcium silicate with high specific surface area

β-Dicalcium silicate (β-Ca₂SiO₄) was synthesized for the first time by a simple solution combustion method using citric acid as fuel. The influence of calcination temperature on the average crystallite size, specific surface area and morphology of the powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N₂ adsorption measurements (BET). The results showed that the increase of calcination temperature from 650°C to 1100°C resulted in larger crystallite size and lower specific surface area of β-Ca₂SiO₄. The highest specific surface area could reach as high as 26.7 m²/g when the as-burnt powders were calcined at 650°C.     

PDP用蓝色荧光粉SrMgAl10O17:Eu2+的制备与发光性能研究

以Eu2O3(AR)、Sr(NO3)2(AR)、Mg(NO3)2.6H2O(AR)、Al(NO3)3.9H2O(AR)为原料,NH4HCO3为沉淀剂,采用化学共沉淀法制备前驱物,经一次煅烧制备出蓝色荧光粉SrMgAl10O17:Eu2+。用X射线衍射仪、荧光分光光度计分别测试样品结构与发光性能。结果表明:在1 200℃下煅烧即可生成六方结构的SrMgAl10O17:Eu2+,比高温固相法煅烧温度低300℃;其发射光谱最强峰在470 nm,Eu2+的最佳掺杂摩尔分数为10%;选用H3BO3为助熔剂,可提高粉体发光强度,其最佳质量分数为1.5%。