Joint Destruction of Cadmium and Copper at Alternating Current Electrolysis in Sodium Hydroxide Solution

The dependence of the metal oxidation rate on the current density and temperature of joint destruction in sodium chloride was studied. It is established that the dependence of the oxidation rate of copper is linear and generally do not differ from the dependencies established at individual oxidation of copper in the solution of sodium chloride with concentration 46.5% wt. In contrast to the oxidation rate of copper, the oxidation rate dependence of cadmium has extreme character and the oxidation rate of cadmium at its joint oxidation of copper increased in 2-3 times indicating that the mutual influence of electrodes at the electrochemical process with alternating current. Thus, the obtained dependences can predict operating electrolysis parameters a obtain copper-cadmium oxide system of the given composition.     

The Influence of Dopant Concentration on Optical-Electrical Features of Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cell

In this study, TiO₂/CdS/Cd_xCu_1−xSe, TiO₂/CdS/Cd_xMn_1−xSe, and TiO₂/CdS/Cd_xAg_2−2xSe thin films were synthesized by chemical bath deposition for the fabrication of photoanode in quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells. As a result, the structural properties of the thin films have been studied by X-ray diffraction, which confirmed the zinc Blende structure in the samples. The optical films were researched by their experimental absorption spectra with different doping concentrations. Those results were combined with the Tauc correlation to estimate the absorption density, the band gap energy, valence band and conduction band positions, steepness parameter, and electron–phonon interaction. Furthermore, the electrical features, electrochemical impedance spectrum and photocurrent density curves were carried out. The result was used to explain the enhancing performance efficiency.     

2-氨基-4-噻唑乙酸乙酯构筑的两个镉配合物的晶体结构及荧光性质

以2-氨基-4-噻唑乙酸乙酯(EATA)和氯化镉水合物为原料,在无水乙醇和乙醇-水混合物两种溶剂中分别合成了配合物[CdCl2(EATA)]n(1)和[CdCl2(EATA)2](2),并利用X-射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外光谱和荧光光谱对它们进行了表征。配合物1和2都属于单斜晶系,分别为P21/c和Cc空间群,它们的中心金属离子Cd2+均为扭曲的六配位八面体构型。在配合物1中,相邻的2个八面体单元通过2个μ2-Cl-阴离子双桥连形成一维链结构,该一维链进一步通过N-H…Cl分子间氢键形成了三维网络结构,而配合物2则通过大量的N-H…Cl和C-H…Cl分子间氢键等弱作用组装成二维超分子结构。固态荧光光谱分析表明,配合物1和2荧光性质相似,均可归属于由配体到金属间的电荷转移(LMCT)。     

改性活性炭对土壤镉的吸附性影响

目的研究3种改性活性炭对菜地、河流底泥、荷花底泥镉吸附性的影响。方法对活性炭进行酸改性、碱改性和氧化改性,采用双硫腙分光光度法测定镉含量。结果对实验土样,最佳活性炭添加量为0.025 g/g。随着初始镉含量的升高,土壤对镉的吸附量不断增大。结论 3种改性活性炭相比普通活性炭对湿地土壤的镉吸附量均有不同程度的提升,荷花底泥中,酸性、氧化改性活性炭相比普通活性炭,吸附效果提高7.7%,8.3%,吸附效果提升显著。     

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Luminescent Property of Cadmium Complex Based on 2-（2-（1Hbenzo[d]imidazol-2-yl）benzyl）-1H-benzo[d]-imidazole

The complex [Cd(bbb)Cl2]·DMF·H2O, where bbb is 2-(2-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)benzyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, was synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal structure analyses. For the complex: C24H25Cl2CdN5O2, Mr = 598.77, crystal system, triclinic, space group P1, a = 9.9878(12), b = 10.0008(12), c = 13.2217(15) , α = 80.674(2), β = 72.158(2), γ = 86.776(2)°, V = 1240.5(3) 3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.598 g/cm3, λ = 0.71073, μ(MoKα) = 1.127 mm–1, F(000) = 600, S = 1.04, R = 0.0905 and wR = 0.3088 for 4805 observed reflections with I 2σ(I). It is a neutral complex. The distorted tetrahedral geometry of cadmium ion is coordinated by two nitrogen atoms of ligand and two chloride ions. The complex emits blue green luminescence with emission peaks at 480 nm in DMF solution.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中镉、锗、钴

建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定地质样品中镉、锗、钴含量的分析方法。样品用氢氟酸-硝酸混合溶液加热溶解,然后加热浓缩驱酸,再用硝酸溶液(1+1)复溶提取,在选定的仪器工作条件下进行测定。镉、锗、钴的含量分别在0.00~0.10,0.00~5.00,0.00~50.00 μg/g范围内与质谱峰强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限分别为0.01,0.02,0.02 μg/g。用该方法对国家一级标准物质进行测定,测定值的相对误差均小于10%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.79%~8.45%(n=12)。该方法样品处理过程简便,检测效率高,适用于批量地质样品中镉、锗、钴的测定。     

Musa sp. Leaves Extract Ameliorates the Hepato-Renal Toxicities Induced by Cadmium in Mice

Heavy metals intoxication causes several health problems that necessitate finding new protective and therapeutic approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Musa sp. leaves extract (MLE) on hepato-renal toxicities induced by cadmium (Cd) in male mice. The phytochemical screening, metal chelating activity (MCA), and the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of MLE were determined. Fifty CD-1 male mice were used and intraperitoneally (i.p.) injected with MLE (1000 to 5000 mg/kg b.wt) for MLE LD₅₀ determination. Another 50 mice were used for evaluating the effect of MLE on Cd toxicity. Blood samples were collected for hematological, liver, and kidney functions assessments. Liver tissue homogenates were used for determination of oxidant/antioxidant parameters. Liver and kidney tissues were harvested for histopathological and molecular investigations. MLE showed potent in vitro antioxidant activities. The MCA and LD₅₀ of the MLE were 75 µg/mL and 3000 mg/kg b.wt, respectively. MLE showed beneficial therapeutic activity against hepato-renal toxicities in Cd-intoxicated mice, evidenced by improving the hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and molecular alterations.     

Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Ternary Complexes of Zinc(Ⅱ) and Cadmium(Ⅱ) with 3-Aminobenzoic Acid and 1,10-Phenanthroline

Two new ternary complexes [Zn(3-aba)2(phen)](2.58H2O 1 and {[Cd(3-aba)- (phen)2]·(NO3)·(1.5H2O)}n 2 (3-aba = 3-aminobenzoic acid anion, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV spectrum and X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 crystallizes in the rhombohedral system, space group R with a = 3.5733(3), b = 3.5733(3), c = 1.1231(2) nm, V = 12.419(3) nm3, C26H25.17N4O6.58Zn, Mr = 564.37, Z = 18, F(000) = 5253, μ = 0.937 mm-1, Dc = 1.358 g/cm3, R = 0.0668 and wR = 0.1690 for 2424 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). Complex 2 belongs to the tetragonal system, space group P4/ncc with a = 2.88451(10), b = 2.88451(10), c = 1.55571(11) nm, V = 12.9441(11) nm3, C31H25CdN6O6.50, Mr = 697.97, Z = 16, F(000) = 5648, μ = 0.727 mm-1, Dc = 1.433 g/cm3, R = 0.0607 and wR = 0.1742 for 3468 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). Complex 1 displays a mononuclear structure. The carboxylate group of 3-aminobenzoic acid anion coordinates to Zn(Ⅱ) in a chelating bidentate mode, and the nitrogen atom of the ligand does not involve in coordination. Complex 2 exhibits a one-dimensional chain structure with 3-aminobenzoic acid anion coordinating to Cd(Ⅱ) in a μ2-bridging mode through its nitrogen atom and one of its oxygen atoms.     

异价阳离子替代实现的金属卤化物CsCdCl3的明亮宽带绿色发光

全无机金属卤化物灵活多变的结构及优异的发光性能使其在固态光电子领域显示出重要的应用前景。本研究采用异价阳离子取代策略,用三价锑离子部分取代CsCdCl₃中的二价镉离子,促进自陷激子的产生,使CsCdCl₃∶Sb³⁺产生了明亮的宽带绿色发光,中心波长为530 nm。机理研究结果表明,CsCdCl₃∶Sb³⁺中相邻SbCl₆八面体被孤立,形成了低维电子构型,促进了Sb³⁺局域化,实现了量子效率最高为95.5%的高效发光。此外,尽管CsCdCl₃和RbCdCl₃均属于ACdCl₃(A为碱金属家族),但它们的晶体结构明显不同。RbCdCl₃属于正交晶系,空间群为Pnma;CsCdCl₃属于六方晶系,空间群为P6₃/mmc。CsCdCl₃的结构对称性大于RbCdCl₃,其...     

Comparison Studies on Several Ligands Used in Determination of Cd(II) in Rice by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry after Ultrasound-Assisted Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction

Ligands plays an important role in the extraction procedures for the determination of cadmium in rice samples by using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). In the present study, comparative evaluation of 10 commercially available ligands for formation of Cd(II)-ligand complex and determination of cadmium in rice samples by ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (UADLLME) combined with FAAS was developed. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DDTC) provided a high distribution coefficient as well as a good absorbance signal, therefore DDTC was used as a ligand in UADLLME. A low density and less toxic solvent, 1-heptanol, was used as the extraction solvent and ethanol was used as the disperser solvent. In addition, the experimental conditions of UADLLME were optimized in standard solution first and then applied in rice, such as the type and volume of extractant and dispersant, pH, extraction time, and temperature. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the detection limit (3σ) was 0.69 μg/L for Cd(II). The proposed method was applied for the determination of Cd(II) in three different rice samples (polished rice, brown rice, and glutinous rice), the recovery test was carried out, and the results ranged between 96.7 to 113.6%. The proposed method has the advantages of simplicity, low cost, and accurate and was successfully applied to analyze Cd(II) in rice.