Homogenitätsuntersuchung bei der industriellen Herstellung von Mischfuttermitteln

Durch Anwendung von ¹⁹⁸Au wurde ein Markierungs- und Meβverfahren für die Bestimmung des Gehaltes einzelner Komponenten in Mischfuttermitteln erarbeitet. Das Verfahren ist bei einer Analysenkapazität von über 100 pro Stunde genügend genau und gestattet die Messung beliebig groβer Proben ohne besondere Vorarbeiten. Die Homogenitätsuntersuchungen werden zur Prüfung von groβtechmischen Anlagen für Herstellung, Lagerung, Transport und Verteilung von Mischfuttermitteln angewendet.     

Minisci C−H Alkylation of Heteroarenes Enabled by Dual Photoredox/Bromide Catalysis in Micellar Solutions**

Aromatic heterocycles are omnipresent structural motifs in various natural products, pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. This work describes a photocatalytic Minisci-type C−H functionalization of heteroarenes with non-activated alkyl bromides. The reaction avoids stoichiometric radical-promoters, oxidants, or acids, and is conducted using blue LEDs as the light source. The reactive carbon-centered alkyl radicals are generated by merging the photoredox approach with bromide anion co-catalysis and spatial pre-aggregation of reacting species in the micellar aqueous solutions. The obtained data highlight the critical importance of microstructuring and organization of the components in the reaction mixture.     

An Oxidative Free-Radical Cyclization Approach to d,1-Δ8-14-Epiestrone-3-methyl Ether

A Stereospecific free-radical cyclization of β-keto esters 4 and 5 to cis-hydrindanones 9 and 6, respectively, and conversion of 6 to d, 1–14-epiestrone intermediate 8 are reported.     

Formation of homoallylic bromohydrins in indium-mediated allylation reactions of phenacyl bromides in aqueous solution

A method is described for carrying out indium-mediated allylation reactions of phenacyl bromides in aqueous solution that form homoallylic bromohydrins. By employing subsequent base treatment, the homoallylic bromohydrins were converted to allylic epoxides. Finally, the process has been used as a key step in a concise sequence for the synthesis of 3-allylbenzofuran.     

Simple synthesis of fresh alkyl iodides using alcohols and hydriodic acid

A simple synthesis of fresh alkyl iodides using alcohols and hydriodic acid (HI) is reported. The alkyl iodides were obtained in quick and easy work-up with good to excellent yields (66-94%) and very high purities (97-99%). Freshly prepared iodomethane and 1-iodobutane were applied to synthesize biologically relevant 3,7-dimethyladenine and 9-butyladenine, which were characterized thoroughly using 1D and 2D NMR, individually.     

A CONVENIENT SYNTHESIS OF LONG-CHAIN 3-n-ALKYLTHIOPHENES AND 3-n- ALKYLFURANS

Abstract

The syntheses of 3-substituted long-chain furans and thiophenes by a Wittig reaction are described. ¹H-NMR and UV data of these compounds are reported.     

Three-component synthesis of functionalized five-membered ring lactones under Barbier-like conditions

Five-membered ring lactones have been synthesized using a straightforward three-component reaction among in situ-generated arylzinc reagents, dimethyl itaconate and aromatic aldehydes. This Barbier-like procedure, which is characterized by its simplicity, allows the concise synthesis of a range of highly functionalized 4,5-substituted γ-butyrolactones.     

Pd(0)-catalyzed couplings using bromide and chloride derivatives of Baylis-Hillman adducts with triarylbismuths as atom-efficient multi-coupling nucleophiles

Bromide and chloride derivatives of Baylis-Hillman adducts have been demonstrated to react efficiently with triarylbismuths affording allylic arylated products in high yields under palladium-catalyzed conditions. Triarylbismuths have been employed in sub-stoichiometric amounts as multi-coupling and atom-efficient nucleophiles in these reactions. The reactivity of both allylic bromides and chlorides was found to be facile and equally efficient in couplings with triarylbismuths.