全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3826篇 |
免费 | 428篇 |
国内免费 | 735篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 4711篇 |
晶体学 | 98篇 |
力学 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 10篇 |
数学 | 1篇 |
物理学 | 167篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 25篇 |
2022年 | 87篇 |
2021年 | 156篇 |
2020年 | 222篇 |
2019年 | 172篇 |
2018年 | 145篇 |
2017年 | 145篇 |
2016年 | 223篇 |
2015年 | 186篇 |
2014年 | 222篇 |
2013年 | 319篇 |
2012年 | 457篇 |
2011年 | 245篇 |
2010年 | 215篇 |
2009年 | 235篇 |
2008年 | 244篇 |
2007年 | 246篇 |
2006年 | 214篇 |
2005年 | 182篇 |
2004年 | 231篇 |
2003年 | 157篇 |
2002年 | 91篇 |
2001年 | 76篇 |
2000年 | 65篇 |
1999年 | 83篇 |
1998年 | 51篇 |
1997年 | 47篇 |
1996年 | 37篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 30篇 |
1991年 | 14篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 6篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 4篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有4989条查询结果,搜索用时 72 毫秒
861.
Jesús Martínez Laura Valencia Rufina Bastida David E. Fenton Sharon E. Spey Alejandro Macías 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2002,628(5):1059-1067
The pendant‐armed ligands L1 and L2 were synthesized by N‐alkylation of the two secondary aminic groups of the oxaazamacrocyclic precursor L with o‐nitrobenzylbromide (L1) or p‐nitrobenzylbromide (L2). Metal complexes of L1 and L2 have been synthesized and characterized by microanalysis, MS‐FAB, conductivity measurements, IR, UV‐Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and magnetic studies. Crystal structures of ligands L1 and L2, as well as complexes [CdL1(NO3)2]·2CH3CN and [Ag2Br(L2)2](ClO4)·2CH3CN have been determined by single crystal X‐ray crystallography. 相似文献
862.
This article concerns the calculation of equilibria of ligand binding to multiple sites in macromolecules in the presence of conformational flexibility and conformation-dependent interaction among the sites. A formulation of this problem is presented in which global conformational changes are distinguished from conformational changes that are confined to “locally flexible regions.” The formalism is quite general in that ligands of different types, multivalent binding sites, tautomeric binding sites, and sites that bind more than one type of ligand can be accommodated. Strictly speaking, the separation of the conformational problem into global and local parts does not impose any loss of generality, although in practice it is necessary to restrict the number of global and local conformers. Because of the combinatorics of binding and conformational states, the computational complexity of a problem having only local conformational flexibility grows exponentially with the number of sites and the number of locally flexible regions. An iterative mobile clustering method for cutting off this exponential growth and obtaining approximate solutions with low computational cost is presented and tested. In this method, a binding site is selected, and a “cluster” of strongly interacting sites is set up around it; within the cluster, the binding and conformational states are fully enumerated, whereas the influences of sites outside the cluster on the sites inside are treated by a mean field approximation. The procedure then moves to the next site around which another (possibly overlapping) cluster is formed and the calculation is repeated. The procedure iterates through the list of sites in this way, using the results of previous iterations for the mean-field terms of current iterations until a convergence criterion is met. The method is tested on a large set of randomly generated problems of varying size, whose geometries are chosen to have protein-like statistical properties. It is found that the method is accurate and rapid with the computational cost scaling linearly to quadratically with the number of sites, except for a minority of cases in which large clusters occur by chance. The new method is more accurate than a Monte Carlo method, and may be faster or slower depending on the clustering criteria and details of the macromolecule. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 20: 1091–1111, 1999 相似文献
863.
Jeffrey W. Godden Florence L. Stahura Jürgen Bajorath 《Journal of computational chemistry》1999,20(15):1634-1643
The results of 16 docking simulations with rigid receptor sites and flexible ligands (∼60,000 compounds in each case) are statistically analyzed and compared. Different combinations of binding sites, scoring functions, and compound collections are used in these calculations. The docking scores are not randomly distributed over the scoring range; they follow Gaussian distributions (regardless of the binding sites), scoring functions, or screened compounds. If the docking sites are small, the Gaussian distributions are positively skewed. Peaks of the Gaussian distributions are populated with compounds having similar scores but different sizes and binding modes. These findings have implications for compound selection via computational docking. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Comput Chem 20: 1634–1643, 1999 相似文献
864.
[{Cp*(OC)2Re}2(μ‐POH)], a Dinuclear Complex with a Bridging Hydroxiphosphinidene Ligand The reaction of [{Cp*(OC)2Re}4(μ4‐η1 : η1 : η1 : η1‐P2)] ( 1 ) with 0.1 m HCl gives [{Cp*(OC)2Re}2(μ‐POH)] ( 2 ), the X‐ray crystal structure of which reveals a dinuclear rhenium complex with a μ‐POH (hydroxiphosphinidene) ligand. 相似文献
865.
Karla-Alejandra Lpez-Gastlum Enrique F. Velzquez-Contreras Juventino J. García Marcos Flores-Alamo Gerardo Aguirre Daniel Chvez-Velasco Jayanthi Narayanan Fernando Rocha-Alonzo 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(23)
Two new glycine-Schiff base copper(II) complexes were synthesized. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) allowed us to establish the structure of both complexes in the solid state. The glycine-Schiff base copper(II) complex derived from 2′-hydroxy-5′-nitroacetophenone showed a mononuclear hydrated structure, in which the Schiff base acted as a tridentate ligand, and the glycine-Schiff base copper(II) complex derived from 2′-hydroxy-5′-methylacetophenone showed a less common tetranuclear anhydrous metallocyclic structure, in which the Schiff base acted as a tetradentate ligand. In both compounds, copper(II) had a tetracoordinated square planar geometry. The results of vibrational, electronic, and paramagnetic spectroscopies, as well as thermal analysis, were consistent with the crystal structures. Both complexes were evaluated as catalysts in the olefin cyclopropanation by carbene transference, and both led to very high diastereoselectivity (greater than 98%). 相似文献
866.
Manisha Das Dipmalya Basak Prof. Dr. Zdeněk Trávníček Dr. Ján Vančo Prof. Dr. Debashis Ray 《化学:亚洲杂志》2019,14(21):3898-3914
Simultaneous incorporation of both CoII and CoIII ions within a new thioether S‐bearing phenol‐based ligand system, H3L (2,6‐bis‐[{2‐(2‐hydroxyethylthio)ethylimino}methyl]‐4‐methylphenol) formed [Co5] aggregates [CoIICoIII4L2(μ‐OH)2(μ1,3‐O2CCH3)2](ClO4)4?H2O ( 1 ) and [CoIICoIII4L2(μ‐OH)2(μ1,3‐O2CC2H5)2](ClO4)4?H2O ( 2 ). The magnetic studies revealed axial zero‐field splitting (ZFS) parameter, D/hc=?23.6 and ?24.3 cm?1, and E/D=0.03 and 0.00, respectively for 1 and 2 . Dynamic magnetic data confirmed the complexes as SIMs with Ueff/kB=30 K ( 1 ) and 33 K ( 2 ), and τ0=9.1×10?8 s ( 1 ), and 4.3×10?8 s ( 2 ). The larger atomic radius of S compared to N gave rise to less variation in the distortion of tetrahedral geometry around central CoII centers, thus affecting the D and Ueff/kB values. Theoretical studies also support the experimental findings and reveal the origin of the anisotropy parameters. In solutions, both 1 and 2 which produce {CoIII2(μ‐L)} units, display solvent‐dependent catechol oxidation behavior toward 3,5‐di‐tert‐butylcatechol in air. The presence of an adjacent CoIII ion tends to assist the electron transfer from the substrate to the metal ion center, enhancing the catalytic oxidation rate. 相似文献
867.
Kyosuke Morimoto Thien Phuc Le Sudipta Kumar Manna I. N. Chaithanya Kiran Shinji Tanaka Masato Kitamura 《化学:亚洲杂志》2019,14(19):3221-3221
868.
Anna Vrblov Juraj ernk Larry R. Falvello Milagros Toms 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2019,75(4):433-442
Reactions of Co(OH)2 with the Schiff base bis(2‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxybenzylidene)ethylenediamine, denoted H2(o‐van‐en), under different conditions yielded the previously reported complex aqua[bis(3‐methoxy‐2‐oxidobenzylidene)ethylenediamine]cobalt(II), [Co(C18H18N2O4)(H2O)], 1 , under anaerobic conditions and two polymorphs of [μ‐bis(3‐methoxy‐2‐oxidobenzylidene)ethylenediamine]bis{[bis(3‐methoxy‐2‐oxidobenzylidene)ethylenediamine]cobalt(III)} acetonitrile tetrasolvate, [Co2(C18H18N2O4)3]·4CH3CN, i.e. monoclinic 2 and triclinic 3 , in the presence of air. Both novel polymorphs were chemically and spectroscopically characterized. Their crystal structures are built up of centrosymmetric dinuclear [Co2(o‐van‐en)3] complex molecules, in which each CoIII atom is coordinated by one tetradentate dianionic o‐van‐en ligand in an uncommon bent fashion. The pseudo‐octahedral coordination of the CoIII atom is completed by one phenolate O and one amidic N atom of the same arm of the bridging o‐van‐en ligand. In addition, the asymmetric units of both polymorphs contain two acetonitrile solvent molecules. The polymorphs differ in the packing orders of the dinuclear [Co2(o‐van‐en)3] complex molecules, i.e. alternating ABABAB in 2 and AAA in 3 . In addition, differences in the conformations, the positions of the acetonitrile solvent molecules and the pattern of intermolecular interactions were observed. Hirshfeld surface analysis permits a qualitative inspection of the differences in the intermolecular space in the two polymorphs. A knowledge‐based study employing Full Interaction Maps was used to elucidate possible reasons for the polymorphism. 相似文献
869.
Ajeet Kumar Sharma Parul Bansal Gaurav Kumar Nim Prasenjit Kar 《Particle & Particle Systems Characterization》2019,36(12)
This work reports the first synthesis of MAPbBr3 perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) using amino acids as the ligand with excellent optical properties. A variety of amino acids are used to optimize the luminescence properties. A mechanochemical approach has taken lead over conventional colloidal chemistry during synthesis. All morphological and optical studies are performed to characterize the synthesized perovskite nanoparticles. Later, stability studies are investigated through thermogravimetric analysis, temperature‐dependent photoluminescence, time‐dependent X‐ray diffraction, as well as X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In an application, interestingly, these perovskites show high luminescence upon scratching on flexible conducting plates and on plain paper surface. These results suggest that the amino acid–ligated perovskite nanocrystals can be potential materials for optoelectronic application including light‐emitting diodes and imaging. 相似文献
870.
开发高效的催化剂用于催化还原CO2转化为甲酸和它的盐类已经成为研究的热点,是因为将CO2转化为C1产物不仅可以解决CO2的含量升高带来的环境问题,还可以解决化石能源燃烧日趋严重的问题。贵金属配合物催化CO2转化为甲酸和甲酸盐类是目前这类反应最有效的方式,尤其是Ru、Ir和Rh等贵金属。我们之前的研究结果表明Ir(Ⅲ), Ru(Ⅱ)类配合物催化还原CO2转化为甲酸盐的活性是由配合物Ru―H键的成键性质决定的。它们能高活性的催化CO2是由于它们都含有同一种特点的Ru―H键,是由Ru的sd2杂化轨道和H的1s轨道杂化而成的,而且这一特点可以被活性氢的对位配体显著影响。鉴于硼基配体具有强的对位效应,我们基于高活性的均相催化剂Ru(PNP)(CO)H2 (PNP = 2, 6-二(二叔丁基磷甲基)-吡啶)设计了Ru-PNP-HBcat和Ru-PNP-HBpin,并计算了二者催化还原CO2的活性。Bcat和Bpin配体是实验上常用的硼基配体。我们的计算结果表明Ru-PNP-HBcat和Ru-PNP-HBpin有比Ru-PNP-H2更长的Ru―H键、亲核性更强的活性氢,其Ru―H键中的Ru原子的d轨道杂化成分的贡献也比Ru-PNP-H2的更少。相应地Ru-PNP-HBcat和Ru-PNP-HBpin活化CO2的能垒比Ru-PNP-H2低。而且Ru-PNP-H2、Ru-PNP-HBcat和Ru-PNP-HBpin催化CO2转化为甲酸盐的能垒分别为76.2、67.8、54.4 kJ∙mol-1,表明Ru-PNP-HBpin具有最高的催化活性。因此,钌配合物催化还原CO2的活性可由硼基配体强的对位效应和Ru―H键的成键性质来调控。 相似文献