Synthesis of Novel Hydrophobic Media and Purification of Recombinant HBsAg

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火试金重量法直接测定铅精矿及其它含铅物料中的银

系统研究了火试金重量法直接测定铅精矿、铅矿石、铅合金和含铅物料中银含量的条件,将测定结果与国家标准、行业标准方法的测定结果进行比较,并采用铅精矿国家标准物质进行验证。结果表明:测定5~71 200g/t的银含量,相对标准偏差(RSD)和银标准加标回收率分别为0.10%~7.4%和99.10%~99.94%。分析结果与国家标准、行业标准方法测定结果吻合,验证结果与铅精矿国家标准物质认定值一致。     

Haematococcus pluvialis as a Potential Source of Astaxanthin with Diverse Applications in Industrial Sectors: Current Research and Future Directions

Haematococcus pluvialis, a green microalga, appears to be a rich source of valuable bioactive compounds, such as astaxanthin, carotenoids, proteins, lutein, and fatty acids (FAs). Astaxanthin has a variety of health benefits and is used in the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries. Astaxanthin, for example, preserves the redox state and functional integrity of mitochondria and shows advantages despite a low dietary intake. Because of its antioxidant capacity, astaxanthin has recently piqued the interest of researchers due to its potential pharmacological effects, which include anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities, as well as neuro-, cardiovascular-, ocular, and skin-protective properties. Astaxanthin is a popular nutritional ingredient and a significant component in animal and aquaculture feed. Extensive studies over the last two decades have established the mechanism by which persistent oxidative stress leads to chronic inflammation, which then mediates the majority of serious diseases. This mini-review provides an overview of contemporary research that makes use of the astaxanthin pigment. This mini-review provides insight into the potential of H. pluvialis as a potent antioxidant in the industry, as well as the broad range of applications for astaxanthin molecules as a potent antioxidant in the industrial sector.     

Quantitative FRET (qFRET) Technology for the Determination of Protein–Protein Interaction Affinity in Solution

Protein–protein interactions play pivotal roles in life, and the protein interaction affinity confers specific protein interaction events in physiology or pathology. Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been widely used in biological and biomedical research to detect molecular interactions in vitro and in vivo. The FRET assay provides very high sensitivity and efficiency. Several attempts have been made to develop the FRET assay into a quantitative measurement for protein–protein interaction affinity in the past. However, the progress has been slow due to complicated procedures or because of challenges in differentiating the FRET signal from other direct emission signals from donor and receptor. This review focuses on recent developments of the quantitative FRET analysis and its application in the determination of protein–protein interaction affinity (K_D), either through FRET acceptor emission or donor quenching methods. This paper mainly reviews novel theatrical developments and experimental procedures rather than specific experimental results. The FRET-based approach for protein interaction affinity determination provides several advantages, including high sensitivity, high accuracy, low cost, and high-throughput assay. The FRET-based methodology holds excellent potential for those difficult-to-be expressed proteins and for protein interactions in living cells.     

茜素应用于阴离子识别

应用吸收光谱滴定法研究了茜素与阴离子间的识别行为,比较了受体分子结构对阴离子配合物稳定性的影响。研究结果表明：在乙腈中,茜素通过氢键与F^-和AcO^-分别形成1：2和1：1型稳定的阴离子配合物,在长波长563nm和553nm处分别出现电荷转移吸收带,溶液由无色变为紫红色或浅紫色,其它的阴离子如H2PO4^-,HSO4^-,ClO4^-,Cl^-及Br^-等未引起明显的光谱及溶液颜色的变化。同时考察了2,4-二羟基苯甲酸和3,4-二羟基苯甲酸对阴离子的识别作用,发现：F^-对上述两个化合物吸收光谱影响相似,无明显差异;而AcO^-对两者的光谱影响差别较大。因此,我们认为茜素对F^-和AcO^-具有选择性识别作用取决于阴离子的碱性和主体分子的空间结构。     

Au纳米标记物增强电化学免疫分析大肠杆菌的研究

通过在Au纳米颗粒表面修饰辣根过氧化酶(HRP)标记的大肠杆菌抗体制备了一种新型的Au纳米标记物, 并将该纳米标记物应用于增强电化学免疫分析大肠杆菌. 经过酶联免疫反应后, Au纳米标记物、免疫磁性颗粒(IMB)和大肠杆菌形成了IMB/抗体-大肠杆菌-Au纳米标记物的三明治式免疫复合物. 以3,3,5,5-四甲基联苯二胺(TMB)溶液作为底物, 采用电化学与流动注射检测(FIA)相结合的技术测定HRP的活性. 检测到的电流大小与免疫复合物上HRP的量成正比, 从而与大肠杆菌的浓度成正比. Au纳米颗粒增加了HRP的负载量, 增强了电化学信号, 大大提高了大肠杆菌的检测灵敏度. 实验结果表明, 大肠杆菌浓度在 1.0×102～5.0×104 cfu•mL－1范围内与电流大小成线性相关, 最低检测限达50 cfu•mL－1, 若对大肠杆菌样品溶液进行预浓缩, 将得到更宽的检测范围和更低的检测限. 本方法总的分析时间比其他方法短, 在1 h内就能完成对大肠杆菌样品的快速检测.     

中药质量评价关键问题与分析方法探讨

该文针对我国目前中药质量评价体系现状,总结了中药质量评价的关键科学问题,并围绕"发现"与"控制"有效成分的中药质量评价方法进行探讨.笔者结合多年中药质量分析研究工作经验,分析了中药"谱-效"关系研究、全时段等基线多波长融合指纹图谱、生物活性测定法3种质量评价与检测方法的研究内容、手段、适用范围等,为丰富、完善中药质量控...     

铅试金富集条件对KSCN滴定铜阳极泥中银的影响

针对铅试金重量法测定铜阳极泥中银时存在 Pb、Bi、Pd、Cu、Te 等元素干扰的问题,建立了铅试金捕集贵金属—硫氰酸钾滴定测定铜阳极泥中银。选取代表性、银品位较高的铜阳极泥为样品,在熔渣硅酸度 K=1.5,温度由 900℃升至 1100℃用时 40min 条件下熔炼 30min,在 920℃以 1.0g/min 金属铅的速度进行灰吹,灰吹结束后立即关闭电源,降温取出灰皿,合粒硝酸溶解后采 用 KSCN 直接滴定银,优化条件下银品位测定平均值为 86.31 kg/t（n=4）、RSD=0.42%,加标回收率在 98.85%~99.52%、RSD=0.28%。该法可有效消除 Pb、Bi、Pd、Cu、Te 等元素对银测定的影响,提高检测铜阳极泥中银品位的精确度。     

Sensitive and low-background electrochemical assay of corin activity via supramolecular recognition and rolling circle amplification

Corin is an important member of type II transmembrane serine proteases that is involved in a variety of cardiovascular and pregnancy-related diseases. Herein, a sensitive and low-background electrochemical method is proposed to assay the activity of corin. In principle, a peptide comprising both the substrate motif of corin and binding site of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) is first designed and immobilized on the electrode surface. Thereafter, via CB[8]-mediated supramolecular recognition, a DNA-primer is recruited, subsequently triggering the rolling circle amplification (RCA) reaction. In this way, a succeeding propagation of DNA strands is achieved on the electrode surface, which would produce remarkable repelling effect against the electrochemical species [Fe(CN)₆]^3−/4−, and thereby yield a highly minimized background signal. However, in the presence of activated corin, the peptide is specifically recognized and cleaved, breaching the recruitment of DNA primer as well as the RCA reaction, which decreases the repulsion to [Fe(CN)₆]^3−/4−, leading to a remarkable electrochemical response. As a result, the proposed assay method can sensitively determine the activity of corin with a detection limit of 0.92 pM, and can further be directly used in maternal plasma samples. Therefore, this method may provide a promising tool for pathological research and clinical diagnosis of corin-related diseases.     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠共振散射光谱法测定木瓜蛋白酶活力

在pH值6.5的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与酪蛋白(Casein)形成缔合物微粒,在470,360,400,420和520 nm产生5个瑞利散射峰。在选定条件下,木瓜蛋白酶(Papain)可水解酪蛋白(Casein),加SDBS可中止酶催化反应并与未反应的酪蛋白底物结合形成缔合物微粒。随着Papain浓度的增大,470 nm处的共振散射峰强度降低。Papain的酶活力在0.048～4.8 USP·mL-1范围内与ΔI_{470 nm}呈现良好的线性关系。其线性回归方程为ΔI_SDBS=1.972c+2.31,相关系数分别为r=0.999 9,检测限为0.020 USP·mL-1。该法用于嫩肉粉中木瓜蛋白酶活力测定,结果令人满意。