A Multicolumn Ion Chromatographic Determination of Nitrate and Sulfate in Waters Containing Humic Substances

Abstract

A three-column ion chromatographic system for the removal of humic substances from natural waters, and subsequent on-line concentration and determination of nitrate and sulfate using non-suppressed ion chromatography is presented. Humic substances are removed using disposable adsorption columns packed with chemically bonded amine silica material. The sample is directly transfered to an ion exchange column where the anions are concentrated ca 10 times. After reversing the flow, the ions are transferred to a third column where they are separated and quantified. The detection limit is less than 1 mg L^?1 of nitrate or sulfate in water containing 45mgL^?1 of humic acid.     

硝酸铈对Calpain基因表达的影响

运用逆转录聚合酶链式反应研究了硝酸铈对大白鼠肝脏Calpain Ⅰ、Calpain Ⅱ基因表达的影响。腹腔注射高浓度硝酸铈可引起Calpain基因表达的变化，提示硝酸铈对肝细胞的损伤可能是因为细胞内钙超负荷所致。     

二（1,8—萘啶氮氧化物）合硝酸铜（Ⅱ）的晶体结构

1,8-萘啶氮氧化物(简写napyo)是一种配位能力较强的中性配体,关于它与金属离子形成的配合物已有报道.但工作主要集中在配合物的合成及性质的研究,它与金属离子形成的配合物的晶体结构至今未见报道.本工作旨在探讨1,8-萘啶氮氧化物与铜(Ⅱ)的配合物中配体与金属离子的配位情况以及铜(Ⅱ)的配位构型.     

水合硝酸钕和18C6配合物的合成与性质研究

证实了18C6和水合硝酸钕在乙腈、丙酮和无水醇中均可形成Nd(NO_3)_3·18C6和[Nd(NO_3)_3]_4[18C6]_3两种类型的配合物如果按盐、醚摩尔比≤1:1配料,室温下充分反应,必然生成1:1型配合物;如果按盐、醚摩尔比≥4:3配料,室温下充分反应,必然生成4:3型配合物。两种配合物都是固液同成分化合物。两种配合物在上述三种溶剂中的溶解度都非常小。实现了两种配合物在溶液中的相互转变,讨论了转变的条件。提出了用红外光谱和热重曲线定性鉴别两种配合物的方法。     

KN03／MCM-48催化酯交换法合成碳酸二丙酯

对KNO，／MCM-48用于丙醇和碳酸二甲酯进行酯交换合成碳酸二丙酯的催化性能进行了考察．用X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（IR）和X射线荧光法研究了催化剂的结构特征和表面性质．XRD结果表明，随着K负载量的增加，载体特征峰强度逐渐减弱，但仍保留MCM-48的晶体结构．随着焙烧温度的升高，KNO3逐渐分解成K2O．分别考察了活性组分负载量、焙烧温度、焙烧时间和催化剂的用量以及反应时间对反应的影响．结果表明，KNO3／MCM-48催化剂对碳酸二丙酯的合成具有很高的催化活性．在反应温度363K，反应时间6h，催化剂用量5％，丙醇与碳酸二甲酯摩尔比为4的条件下，碳酸二甲酯的转化率可达99．9％，产物碳酸二丙酯选择性93．4％，产率93．3％．     

四元轻稀土硝酸盐水溶液体系{H2O+La(NO3)3+Pr(NO3)3+Nd(NO3)3}的热力学研究

在298.15 K条件下, 利用等压法研究了四元轻稀土硝酸盐水溶液{H2O La(NO3)3 Pr(NO3)3 Nd(NO3)3}及其3个二元亚系{H2O La(NO3)3}, {H2O Pr(NO3)3}和{H2O Nd(NO3)3}的热力学性质. 以NaCl或CaCl2水溶液为参考溶液, 测定了不同水活度条件下该四元溶液的渗透系数及各溶质组元的活度系数. 实验结果表明, 上述四元系与其3个二元亚系之间存在简单共性, 在实验误差允许范围之内(|Δ|≤0.0010), 该四元系符合偏理想溶液模型.     

Thermochemistry of the complexes of chromium nitrate with l-a-amino acids

The solid complexes of Cr(NO₃)₃ with L-α-amino acids (AA=Val, Leu, Thr, Arg, Phe and Try) have been prepared in 95% alcoholic, the compositions of which were identified as the general formula Cr(AA)₂(NO₃)₃·2H₂O by elemental and chemical analyses. The bonding characteristics of the title complexes were characterized by IR, indicating that nitrogen and oxygen atoms in the ligands coordinated to Cr³⁺ in a bidentate fashion. With the aid of TG-DTG and IR techniques, the complexes were subjected to thermal decomposition in an atmosphere of oxygen, presuming that the decompositions of the complexes consist of two steps and the complexes were decomposed into chromium hemitrioxide after undergoing dehydration and skeleton splitting of the complexes. The constant volume energies of combustion of the complexes were determined by a RBC-P type rotating-bomb calorimeter. According to Hess's law, the standard enthalpies of formation of the complexes were calculated as (-1831.40±4.40), (-2542.03±6.13), (-1723.81±3.99), (-2224.31±3.02), (-2911.61±6.53) and (-659.32±7.42) kJ mol^-1, respectively. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Determination of low level nitrite and nitrate in biological, food and environmental samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (LC-FL) methods have been proposed for the determination of low level nitrite and nitrate in biological, food and environmental samples. The methods include derivatization of aqueous nitrite with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN), enzymatic reduction of nitrate to nitrite, extraction with toluene and chromatographic analyses of highly fluorescent 2,3-naphthotriazole (NAT) derivative of nitrite by using GC-MS in selected-ion-monitoring (SIM) mode and LC-FL. Nitrite and nitrate ions in solid samples were extracted with 0.5 M aqueous NaOH by sonication. The recoveries of nitrite and nitrate ions based on GC-MS and LC-FL results were 98.40% and 98.10% and the precision of these methods, as indicated by the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 1.00% for nitrite and 1.20% for nitrate, respectively. The limits of detection of the GC-MS in SIM mode and LC-FL methods based on S/N = 3 were 0.02 and 0.29 pg/ml for nitrite and 0.03 and 0.30 pg/ml for nitrate, respectively.     

Ho(III)希夫碱大环配合物的合成、晶体结构及对DNA的切割活性

本文合成一个新的希夫碱大环配体硝酸Ho(III)配合物 [Ho(H2L)(NO3)2](NO3) (H2L表示大环配体Fig. 1),并进行了系统的物理表征. 晶体结构研究表明: 配合物晶体结构属六方晶系,P 3(1)21空间群,晶胞参数a=1.47213(7) nm,c=2.8998(3) nm,α=90°,γ=120°,V=5.4424(7) nm 3,Z=6,R＝0.0331, wR＝0.0928。中心离子Ho3+位于隔室大环配体的一侧并于希夫碱大环上的两个酚基氧原子和三个氮原子配位,两个双齿配位硝酸根分别从希夫碱大环平面的两侧与中心离子配位使中心离子形成扭曲的九配位三冠三棱柱配位构型。并通过凝胶电泳实验初步研究了该配合物对pBR322质粒DNA的切割作用。     

一种经MCM-41负载双齿膦钯(0)配合物催化的羰基化Suzuki偶联合成二芳酮的新途径

在催化量的MCM-41负载双齿膦钯(0)配合物存在下,芳基碘化物和芳基硼酸、一氧化碳在常压下能顺利进行羰基化Suzuki偶联反应,高产率地生成了各种二芳酮化合物。MCM-41负载双齿膦钯(0)配合物具有比PdCl2(PPh3)2 更高的活性和选择性,且可回收再用10次其活性基本不变,为各种功能化二芳酮的合成提供了方便实用的新途径。