双连续微乳模板合成羟基磷灰石仿生物骨材料的研究

为制备具有与天然生物骨磷灰石结构相似的羟基磷灰石（hydroxyapatites简称HAP或HA）材料，依据生物矿化的原理，通过以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）作为表面活性剂，正己醇为助表面活性剂，十六烷为油相和水作出的拟三元相图，找到体系所形成的双连续微乳液作为模板，控制矿化材料的成核和生长，并用SEM，TEM，XRD，IR等手段对合成的样品进行了形貌和结构的表征，并将其与共沉淀法制备的HAP在模拟体液中的溶解性进行了比较。结果表明：得到的矿化产物是具有棒状的六方晶体组成羟基磷灰石矿化材料，其结构参数a₀=0.920，c₀=0.688，与天然生物骨材料较相似，抗体液溶解性比共沉淀法制备的优越。     

An active and recyclable bicontinuous cubic Ia3d mesostructural Rh(I) organometal catalyst for 1,4-conjugate addition reaction in aqueous medium

An active and reusable heterogeneous Rh(I) organometal catalyst (Rh(I)-PMO-3D) was synthesized by template-directed co-condensation of Rh[PPh₂(CH₂)₂Si(OCH₂CH₃)₃]₃Cl and (CH₃CH₂O)₃SiPhSi(OCH₂CH₃)₃. This catalyst displayed bicontinuous cubic Ia3d mesostructure channel, which ensured the high dispersion of Rh(I) active sites and the convenient diffusion of reactant molecules into the pore channels. Meanwhile, the Ph-functionalization could enhance the surface hydrophobicity, which promoted the adsorption of organic reactant molecules on the catalyst, especially in aqueous medium. During water-medium 1,4-conjugate addition reactions, Rh(I)-PMO-3D catalyst exhibits higher catalytic activity than the corresponding homogeneous Rh(I) catalyst and could be used repetitively for more than five times, showing a good potential in industrial applications.     

Effect of cellulose nanofiber on the dynamically asymmetric phase separation in epoxy/polysulfone blends

Significant effect of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) on cure‐induced phase separation in dynamically asymmetric system is reported. An epoxy/polysulfone blends with typical layered structure formation was chosen as the polymer matrix, and morphology evolution and rheological behavior of systems with different nano‐size fiber loadings upon curing reaction were investigated using optical microscopy and rheological measurement. CNF distributed uniformly in the polymer matrix and had good interaction with polymer chains. Curing reaction of epoxy was promoted by CNF, making the system gel and phase separate earlier. Meanwhile, system viscosity was increased with CNF addition, and the movement of polymer chains and component diffusion were constrained, as a result, the structure evolution process was slowed down. The CNF altered the final morphologies, resulting in refined structures with smaller characteristic length scales or even completely change the morphologies from the layered structures to a bicontinuous structure when the CNF concentration reached to a relatively high level. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2019 , 57, 1357–1366     

A Comprehensive Study on Lyotropic Liquid–Crystalline Behavior of an Amphiphile in 20 Kinds of Amino Acid Ionic Liquids

We examined the self‐organization behavior of a designed amphiphilic molecule in 20 kinds of amino acid ionic liquids composed of 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cation and natural amino acid anion ([C4mim][AA]). Addition of [C4mim][AA], regardless of their anion species, to the amphiphile provided homogeneous mixtures showing lyotropic liquid–crystalline (LC) behavior. Upon increasing the component ratio of [C4mim][AA] in the mixtures, a successive change of the mesophase patterns from inverted hexagonal columnar, in some case via bicontinuous cubic, to layered phases was observed. By examining the LC properties at various temperatures and component ratios, we constructed lyotropic LC phase diagrams. Interestingly, the appearance of these phase diagrams is greatly different according to the selection of [AA]. Through comparison, we found that the self‐organization behavior of an amphiphile in ionic liquids can be tuned by controlling their ability to form hydrogen‐bond, van der Waals, and π‐π interactions.     

Hydrotrope‐Solubilization Action of Urea in CTAB/n‐C5H11‐OH/H2O System

Urea can enhance the aqueous solubility of surfactant CTAB (hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide) when it shows the hydrotrope action. It will show the hydrotrope‐solubilization action when the solubilized amount of n‐C₅H₁₁OH in O/W microemulsion and that of water in W/O microemulsion are increased. The mechanism of the hydrotrope‐solubilization action of urea is the increase of the stability of W/O and O/W microemulsion and structural transition from the lamellar liquid crystalline phase to the bicontinuous structure.