Validated high-performance liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of selenomethionine using isothiocyanate based chiral derivatizing reagents

A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for enantioseparation of selenomethionine (SeMet) was developed using two isothiocyanate-based chiral derivatizing reagents [(R)-methyl benzyl isothiocyanate (MBIC) and (S)-1-(1-naphthyl) ethyl isothiocyanate (NEIC)] and UV detection. Diastereomers of selenomethionine were synthesized either via stirring (using MBIC) or by microwave irradiation (using NEIC). Derivatization conditions were optimized and the synthesized diastereomers were successfully resolved using triethyl ammonium phosphate buffer and acetonitrile on a reversed-phase column. The method was validated for accuracy, precision and limit of detection. The mechanism of separation is also discussed.     

The ESI CAD fragmentations of protonated 2,4,6‐tris(benzylamino)‐ and tris(benzyloxy)‐1,3,5‐triazines involve benzyl–benzyl interactions: a DFT study

The electrospray ionization collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) mass spectra of protonated 2,4,6‐tris(benzylamino)‐1,3,5‐triazine (1) and 2,4,6‐tris(benzyloxy)‐1,3,5‐triazine (6) show abundant product ion of m/z 181 (C₁₄H₁₃⁺). The likely structure for C₁₄H₁₃⁺ is α‐[2‐methylphenyl]benzyl cation, indicating that one of the benzyl groups must migrate to another prior to dissociation of the protonated molecule. The collision energy is high for the ‘N’ analog (1) but low for the ‘O’ analog (6) indicating that the fragmentation processes of 1 requires high energy. The other major fragmentations are [M + H‐toluene]⁺ and [M + H‐benzene]⁺ for compounds 1 and 6, respectively. The protonated 2,4,6‐tris(4‐methylbenzylamino)‐1,3,5‐triazine (4) exhibits competitive eliminations of p‐xylene and 3,6‐dimethylenecyclohexa‐1,4‐diene. Moreover, protonated 2,4,6‐tris(1‐phenylethylamino)‐1,3,5‐triazine (5) dissociates via three successive losses of styrene. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate that an ion/neutral complex (INC) between benzyl cation and the rest of the molecule is unstable, but the protonated molecules of 1 and 6 rearrange to an intermediate by the migration of a benzyl group to the ring ‘N’. Subsequent shift of a second benzyl group generates an INC for the protonated molecule of 1 and its product ions can be explained from this intermediate. The shift of a second benzyl group to the ring carbon of the first benzyl group followed by an H‐shift from ring carbon to ‘O’ generates the key intermediate for the formation of the ion of m/z 181 from the protonated molecule of 6. The proposed mechanisms are supported by high resolution mass spectrometry data, deuterium‐labeling and CAD experiments combined with DFT calculations. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Study of Copper (Ii) Complex Compounds with Bismuthiol Derivatives in Butanone

Abstract

The formation and extraction of copper (II) in the form of benzyl bismuthiol and naphthyl bismuthiol chelates has been studied. The reagents' solvation in butanone is investigated and optimum conditions for extraction are established. Both chelates have been studied in solution and in solid form. After studying the influence of 14 possible interferences, an atomic absorption spectrometric determination of copper using both reagents was carried out in tap water samples.     

PCM study of the solvent and substituent effects on bond dissociation energies of the O?NO Bond—A DFT study

A PCM continuum model, at the B3LYP, B3P86, and B3PW91 three‐parameter hybrid DFT methods with 6‐311G** basis set, is used to study the bond dissociation energies (BDEs) of benzyl nitrites. Compared the computed results with the experimental values, it is noted that B3PW91 functional is the best method to compute the BDEs of benzyl nitrites. The solvent and substituent effects on the BDEs of the O? NO bond are analyzed, and it is shown that the BDE of the O? NO bond decreases with the increment of the Hammett constants of substituent groups on benzene for benzyl nitrites except C₆H₅CH₂O? NO. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2012     

硫酸氢钠催化合成羧酸苄酯

讨论了一水硫酸氢钠催化合成乙酸苄酯的条件。羧酸、苄醇和硫酸氢钠的质量比为 3∶2∶0 .1 45 ,以环己烷为溶剂 ,进行回流分水 ,合成了甲酸苄酯、乙酸苄酯、丙酸苄酯和丁酸苄酯 ,其收率为 68.5 %～ 84.1 %     

Structure of liquid-crystalline phases formed by N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid oligomeric benzyl esters –2H NMR study

A series of N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid oligopeptide benzyl esters with exact residue numbers 4, 6, and 12 has been synthesized by a stepwise procedure. For these oligopeptide–dioxane binary systems, the behavior of the liquid-crystalline phases has been examined␣by the use of ²H NMR, and the results indicate that highly ordered aggregates formed by these oligopeptides in dioxane are in an alignment similar to that in a nematic mesophase. Received: 27 February 2001 Accepted: 8 May 2001     

溴化二水二(皮考林酰胺)合钴配合物的合成及晶体结构

用皮考林酰胺、六水合硝酸钴和苄基溴反应制得一种新配合物[(C6H6N2O)2Co(H2O)2].B r2,通过红外光谱、元素分析及X射线晶体衍射对化合物进行了表征.结构分析结果表明,配合物属单斜晶系,P2(1)/n空间群,晶胞参数为:a=0.647 61(5)nm,b=1.026 43(9)nm,c=1.264 14(11)nm,β=93.823 0(10),°V=0.838 44(12)nm3,Z=4,Dc=1.977 g/cm3,μ=5.812 mm-1,F(000)=490,R1=0.071 0,wR2=0.251 6.配合物中,Co(Ⅱ)离子为六配位的八面体构型;相邻单元间通过N—H…B r和O—H…B r氢键相互连结而形成三维网状结构.     

Exploring the Volatiles Released from Roots of Wild and Domesticated Tomato Plants under Insect Attack

Plants produce volatile organic compounds that are important in communication and defense. While studies have largely focused on volatiles emitted from aboveground plant parts upon exposure to biotic or abiotic stresses, volatile emissions from roots upon aboveground stress are less studied. Here, we investigated if tomato plants under insect herbivore attack exhibited a different root volatilome than non-stressed plants, and whether this was influenced by the plant’s genetic background. To this end, we analyzed one domesticated and one wild tomato species, i.e., Solanum lycopersicum cv Moneymaker and Solanum pimpinellifolium, respectively, exposed to leaf herbivory by the insect Spodoptera exigua. Root volatiles were trapped with two sorbent materials, HiSorb and PDMS, at 24 h after exposure to insect stress. Our results revealed that differences in root volatilome were species-, stress-, and material-dependent. Upon leaf herbivory, the domesticated and wild tomato species showed different root volatile profiles. The wild species presented the largest change in root volatile compounds with an overall reduction in monoterpene emission under stress. Similarly, the domesticated species presented a slight reduction in monoterpene emission and an increased production of fatty-acid-derived volatiles under stress. Volatile profiles differed between the two sorbent materials, and both were required to obtain a more comprehensive characterization of the root volatilome. Collectively, these results provide a strong basis to further unravel the impact of herbivory stress on systemic volatile emissions.     

钴镁铝类水滑石液相选择性催化苯甲醇氧化合成苯甲醛

采用共沉淀法制备了不同Co₂AlMg_x(x=0.5、1、1.5和2)原子比的类水滑石,用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、表面孔吸附(BET)及电感耦合等离子光谱(ICP)等技术手段表征了催化剂的结构、组成和比表面积,并考察了其催化苯甲醇选择氧化制苯甲醛的性能。 结果表明,随着Mg含量的增加,催化剂的碱性增强,苯甲醛的选择性提高。 在优化条件:苯甲醇0.02 mol,催化剂Co₂AlMg₁类水滑石100 mg,过氧化氢叔丁醇0.04 mol,溶剂乙腈8 mL,反应温度60 ℃,反应时间9 h下,苯甲醇的转化率为39.5%,苯甲醛的选择性达到89.2%。 催化剂重复使用5次后其活性与选择性未见明显降低,表明催化剂具有较好的稳定性。     

聚苯乙烯二乙醇胺树脂催化合成丙酸苄酯的研究

应用聚苯乙烯二乙醇胺树脂（PSDEA）催化苄氯与丙酸的酯化反应，合成了丙 酸苄酯。研究结果表明，聚苯乙烯二乙醇胺树脂具有较高的催化活性。考察了丙酸 ／苄氯摩尔比、催化剂用量和反应时间对酯产率的影响，在典型反应条件（丙酸： 苄氯摩尔比＝1．25：1，16．7gPSDEA／摩尔苄氯，80℃浴温，反应4．0h）下，所 得丙酸苄酯的产率为95．5％，该催化剂易于回收且可重复使用、具有良好的活性 稳定性。