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101.
Single atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted much attention in recent years. As an essential group in SACs, M−X−C (X=nonmetallic element) materials have been demonstrated to be efficient in many reactions. However, identifying the active sites on M−X−C, especially under working conditions, is still challenging, which is crucial for chemists to further understand the mechanism underlying the reaction and better design proper SACs for specific reactions. Herein, the types and characterization of M−X−C are comprehensively summarized and discussed in this review. In addition to the basic information above, the challenges and opportunities remaining in this field will be also proposed to present a perspective to the research on the next step. 相似文献
102.
Decomposition of N2O on modified zeolites, crystalline titanosilicalites, and related amorphous systems is studied by the catalytic and spectroscopic methods. Zinc-containing HZSM-5 zeolites and titanosilicalites with moderate Ti/Si ratios are shown to exhibit a better catalytic performance in N2O decomposition as compared with conventionally used Cu/HZSM-5 zeolites and amorphous Cu-containing catalysts. Dehydroxylation of the HZSM-5 zeolite by calcination at 1120 K results in an enhancement of the N2O conversion. The mechanism of the reaction and the role of coordinatively unsaturated cations and Lewis acid sites in N2O decomposition are discussed on the basis of the spectroscopic data. 相似文献
103.
加氢脱氮催化研究的新进展 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
化石燃料的加氢脱氮有利于改善油品质量及其稳定性,同时避免燃烧时NOx的排放。本文介绍了不同化石燃料中有机氮化物的含量及类型,对不同加氢脱氮催化剂及其催化活性位的本质进行了探讨,同时论述了C—N键断裂机理及燃料中主要有机氮化物的HDN反应网络。着重概述了传统金属硫化物催化剂的改性方法,新型的金属碳化物、金属氮化物和金属磷化物催化剂的研究现状。 相似文献
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铽离子荧光探针对酶与金属离子间能量转移和结合位的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用荧光光度法研究了Tb^3+与牛胰脱氧核糖核酸酶(BPD),枯草杆菌α-淀粉酶(BSα-A)的络合发光现象,实验表明,BPD和BSα-A分别在PH=7-8和5-6范围内与Tb^3+络合,并发射Tb^3+的特征荧光,Tb^3+与BPD和BSα-A的络合比分别为2:1和4:1。并应用Forster理论测定了Tb^3+与BPD和BSα-A之间能量传递的距离R分别为1.39nm和1.48nm,其临界距离 相似文献
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Base-modified fluorescent ribonucleoside-analogue probes are valuable tools in monitoring RNA structure and function because they closely resemble the structure of natural nucleobases. Especially, 2-aminopurine, a highly environment-sensitive adenosine analogue, is the most extensively utilized fluorescent nucleoside analogue. However, only a few isosteric pyrimidine ribonucleoside analogues that are suitable for probing the structure and recognition properties of RNA molecules are available. Herein, we describe the synthesis and photophysical characterization of a small series of base-modified pyrimidine ribonucleoside analogues derived from tagging indole, N-methylindole, and benzofuran onto the 5-position of uracil. One of the analogues, based on a 5-(benzofuran-2-yl)pyrimidine core, shows emission in the visible region with a reasonable quantum yield and, importantly, displays excellent solvatochromism. The corresponding triphosphate substrate is effectively incorporated into oligoribonucleotides by T7 RNA polymerase to produce fluorescent oligoribonucleotide constructs. Steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic studies with fluorescent oligoribonucleotide constructs demonstrate that the fluorescent ribonucleoside photophysically responds to subtle changes in its environment brought about by the interaction of the chromophore with neighboring bases. In particular, the emissive ribonucleoside, if incorporated into an oligoribonucleotide, positively reports the presence of a DNA abasic site with an appreciable enhancement in fluorescence intensity. The straightforward synthesis, amicability to enzymatic incorporation, and sensitivity to changes in the microenvironment highlight the potential of the benzofuran-conjugated pyrimidine ribonucleoside as an efficient fluorescent probe to investigate nucleic acid structure, dynamics, and recognition events. 相似文献
110.
用简单的化学方法制备了过渡金属(TM)壳聚糖水杨醛席夫碱配合物,然后以此配合物为金属源和N源、以硝酸预处理石墨为载体,经热处理后制备了过渡金属/氮掺杂石墨催化剂TM-N-C-t(TM=Co,Ni,Cu;t=200,400,600,800,1 000℃).以此催化剂为修饰剂制备了玻碳修饰电极,并用循环伏安法(CV)和旋转圆盘电极(RDE)伏安法研究了催化剂TM-N-C-t的电化学行为和电催化氧还原(ORR)的催化性能,催化剂的组成和结构采用TG,FT-IR,XRD,XPS等技术进行了表征.研究结果表明,催化剂TM-N-C-t对ORR均显示不同程度的催化活性,其中以1 000℃热处理的钴基催化剂Co-N-C-1000的催化活性最好,其活性已接近相同条件下的商用催化剂JM 20%Pt/C,催化活性位主要为Co—N—C.根据扩散控制的不可逆反应的循环伏安行为,计算得到了TM-N-C-t催化剂电催化ORR的动力学参数,并以此提出了氧还原催化反应的机理,在活性最好的催化剂Co-N-C-1000修饰电极上,氧气以4e转移途径被还原为水. 相似文献