高效液相色谱法分析黑色签字笔墨迹的种类和形成时间

对用反相离子对色谱法鉴定黑色签字笔墨迹种类及形成时间的研究进行了探讨。实验中,分析黑色签字笔墨迹中有色成分的流动相为V(甲醇)∶V(水)=60∶40含四丁基氢氧化铵、检测波长为580 nm。并对49种不同产地、不同牌号的黑色签字笔墨迹进行了种类分析。依据色谱图中色谱峰的数目、保留时间、峰形等数据,将其分为8大类。在此基础上,分析了黑色签字笔墨迹中各种染料成分相对含量随形成时间的变化规律。结果表明,反相离子对色谱法是一种鉴定黑色签字笔墨迹种类及形成时间异同的简便方法。     

还原氧化石墨烯负载球形金属酞菁电催化阴极氧还原反应性能

针对阴极氧还原反应(ORR)动力学缓慢和Pt/C类贵金属催化剂成本高等关键难题,我们设计、合成了醛基取代的球形金属酞菁M2Pc2(TA)4(M=Zn、Co、Fe),采用"π-π组装"技术将其负载到还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)上得到复合催化剂M2Pc2(TA)4/rGO,并对其形貌和结构进行表征.结果 表明:通过"π-π堆积...     

球磨辅助高温固相法制备Li1.0Na0.2Ni0.13Co0.13Mn0.54O2正极材料及其性能

以乙酸盐(乙酸锂、乙酸钠、乙酸钴、乙酸镍、乙酸锰等)为原材料,采用球磨辅助高温固相法制备Li_1.0Na_0.2Ni_0.13Co_0.13Mn_0.54O₂正极材料。借助XRD、SEM等表征材料的结构和形貌,利用循环伏安、恒流充放电、交流阻抗等方法研究材料的电化学性能。结果表明,钠的掺杂导致颗粒表面光滑度降低,形成Na_0.77MnO_2.05新相。0.05C活化过程中,掺钠样品和未掺钠样品首次放电比容量分别为258.4 mAh·g^-1和215.8 mAh·g^-1,库伦效率分别为75.2%和72.8%;2C放电比容量分别为116.3 mAh·g^-1和106.2 mAh·g^-1。研究发现,掺钠可减小首次充放电过程的不可逆容量,提高容量保持率;改善倍率性能与容量恢复特性;降低SEI膜阻抗和电荷转移阻抗;掺钠后样品首次循环就可以基本完成Li₂MnO₃组分向稳定结构的转化,而未掺杂的样品需要两次循环才能逐步完成该过程;XPS结果表明,掺钠样品中Ni²⁺、Co³⁺、Mn⁴⁺所占比例明显提高,改善了样品的稳定性和电化学性能;循环200次后的XRD结果表明掺钠与未掺钠材料在脱嵌锂反应中的相变化过程基本一致,良好有序的层状结构遭到破坏是循环过程中容量衰减的主要原因。     

光笔式双摄像机三维坐标视觉测量系统

基于双目立体视觉的系统模型,设计了一种新型的光笔,提出了基于该光笔的匹配算法。由于光笔在测量时可以出现任何姿态,必须对两摄像机像面上所成图像中的8个发光点进行匹配,才能代入摄像机模型计算出8个发光点在左摄像机坐标系下的三维坐标,通过建立8个共面发光点所在的平面坐标系与左摄像机坐标系的线性关系求得测头中心的三维坐标。实验结果表明,系统在5 m范围内的空间长度测量精度达到0.159 mm,基本满足大尺寸工件的现场检测需求。     

氦在球磨贮氢合金中的存在行为研究

通过正电子寿命测量及结构分析，研究了氦气氛球磨LaNi4.75Al0.25和Zr50Co50贮氢合金中氦的存在行为.研究结果表明：随着气氛压力增加，氦的溶入量增加，相对而言，LaNi4.75Al0.25更有利于氦的溶入；球磨样品正电子寿命的特征参数发生变化，这表明氦在材料中存在行为的差异；对于Zr50Co50合金，氦首先填充在超细晶粒的三叉晶界或空位团处，随着气氛压力增加，有小部分氦填入单空位的自由体积处，形成空位-氦复合体；对于LaNi4.75Al0.25合金，氦首先进入单空位大小的自由体积中，形成空位 关键词： 正电子寿命 氦引入 高压球磨 贮氢合金     

落球半径对测量粘度的影响

用实验和图解方法研究了落球法测粘度实验中落球半径对粘度测量的影响，给出了落球速度、运动距离与半径的关系，讨论了有限边界对速度的影响。     

Estimating Some Characteristics of the Conditional Distribution in Nonparametric Functional Models

This paper deals with a scalar response conditioned by a functional random variable. The main goal is to estimate nonparametrically some characteristics of this conditional distribution. Kernel type estimators for the conditional cumulative distribution function and the successive derivatives of the conditional density are introduced. Asymptotic properties are stated for each of these estimates, and they are applied to the estimations of the conditional mode and conditional quantiles. Our asymptotic results highlightes the importance of the concentration properties on small balls of the probability measure of the underlying functional variable. So, a special section is devoted to show how our results behave in several situations when the functional variable is a continuous time process, with special attention to diffusion processes and Gaussian processes. Even if the main purpose of our paper is theoretical, an application to some chemiometrical data set coming from food industry is presented in a short final section. This example illustrates the easy implementation of our method as well as its good behaviour for finite sample sizes.     

[N(PPh3)2]2[{Au3Ag2(C2Ph)6} {Au3Cu2(Cu2Ph)6}]: Co-crystallized pentanuclear bimetallic gold-silver and gold-copper clusters

The X-ray structural study of the reaction product of equimolar amounts of [Au₃Cu₂(C₂Ph)₆]. [{Au(C₂Ph)} _n ], and [Ag(C₂Ph)} _n ] revealed two bimetallic anionic [N(PPh₃)₂] + [Au₃Ag₂(C₂Ph)₆]^– and [N(PPh₃)₂]⁺[Au₃Cu₂ (C₂ Pg)₆] — clusters co-crystallized in one asymmetric unit. Each cluster has trigonal bipyramidal geometry with three gold atoms occupying equatorial planes and two silver or copper atoms in the apical positions. Our earlier conclusion based upon spectroscopic characterization describing the product of be above reaction as trimetallic cluster containing three coinage-metals with an overall composition [Au₃CuAg(C₂Ph)₆]^–, was erroneous.Presented at the 210th ACS Meeting, August 19–24, 1995, Chicago, Illinois.