Bayesian fusion of GNSS,ITS-G5 and IR–UWB data for robust cooperative vehicular localization

In the automotive domain, Cooperative Localization (CLoc) is a new promising paradigm that aims at outperforming conventional Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in terms of positioning accuracy, robustness, and service continuity, by relying on Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) communications and hybrid data fusion. However, the growing number and the variety of the sensors aboard vehicles raise unprecedented challenges, especially in the context of distributed fusion approaches. This paper thus compares parametric and nonparametric Bayesian data fusion engines (e.g., based on cooperative variants of the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and Particle Filter (PF), respectively), while validating a CLoc scheme suitable to Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs). More particularly, absolute position information from both onboard GNSS receiver and ITS-G5 V2V messages, as well as relative distance measurements based on the Impulse Radio–Ultra-Wideband (IR–UWB) technology, are combined into a single location solution that is hopefully more robust and more accurate than that of standalone GNSS. First, we investigate V2V ranging accuracy on a highway under real mobility conditions. In the same environment, we then provide offline validations of CLoc positioning, confirming significant performance gains through cooperation over conventional GNSS, even in case of poor initialization. In this specific context, the PF solution is thus shown to yield even better accuracy in comparison with EKF, thanks to its fine robustness against faced non-linear dynamics and non-Gaussian noise processes. Finally, we illustrate the resilience of the proposed solution under temporary GNSS denial.     

氟磷共掺杂二氧化硅光纤预制棒的表面晶化

对F、P共掺杂光纤预制棒退火后的表面晶化行为进行了研究.由改进的化学汽相沉淀法制备的氟和磷共掺杂二氧化硅光纤预制棒玻璃样品在6 h的1 150 ℃控温加热处理后,其表面发生晶化.用X-射线衍射仪观测其晶相,主要为α-方石英,可使玻璃具有二阶光学非线性;用光学显微镜观察了其表面形貌并对结晶微粒的大小进行测量,知晶粒大小在十几到几十μm之间,会造成散射损耗的增加.实验结果,还显示氟对结晶过程有很大的影响.     

Tunable wavelength filters using polymer long-period waveguide gratings based on metal-cladding directly defined technique

In this work, long-period waveguide grating-based tunable wavelength filters using organic–inorganic grafting poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) materials are designed and fabricated by metal-cladding directly defined technique.The thermal stabilities and optical properties of the organic–inorganic grafting PMMA core materials are analyzed. Structures and performance parameters of the waveguide gratings and self-electrode heaters are designed and simulated. The contrast of the filter is about 15 d B and the resonant wavelength can be tuned by different electric powers applied to the metal-cladding self-electrode heaters. The temperature sensitivity is 3.5 nm/℃ and the switching time is about 1 ms. The technique is very suitable for realizing the optoelectronic integrated wavelength-division-multiplexing systems.     

Specifications of dust-ion-acoustic shock waves affected by dust charge variation in four-component dissipative quantum plasma

ABSTRACT

Nonlinear propagation of dust-ion-acoustic shock waves in an unmagnetized, collisionless four-component quantum plasma containing electrons, positrons, ions and negatively charged dust grains affected by dust charge variations and viscosity of ions is studied using quantum hydrodynamic model. Considering dust charge variation give rise to calculating of charging currents of the plasma particles. These currents have been calculated with orbit limited motion theory and using Fermi-distribution functions or Boltzmann–Maxwell distribution depending on quantum or classical particles, respectively. The basic characteristics of quantum dust-ion-acoustic shock waves are investigated by deriving Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation under the reductive perturbation method. Depending on the relative values of the dispersive and dissipative coefficients, oscillatory and monotonic shock waves can propagate in the plasma model. The effect of chemical potential and density of dust particles on the shock wave’s height and thickness is investigated. In addition, the critical value of H (H_c) is calculated and it is shown that for R?>?0 compressive shock waves and for R?<?0 rarefactive ones can exist. The present study is applicable to researchers on quantum nonlinear structures in dense astrophysical objects and ultra-small micro- and nano-electronic devices.     

基于层流动能湍流模型的数值模拟方法

从层流动能出发提出数值模拟原则;综合考虑自然、旁路和分离流转捩的因素构建实用的层流动能湍流模型,结合预处理和基本求解技术发展出适于转捩流动的数值模拟方法和程序.针对预处理技术,以Weiss-Smith矩阵为基础,考虑湍流粘性的影响;针对基本离散格式和边界条件,结合模型方程进行对角占优强化等特殊处理.最后通过平板边界层和典型翼型,特别是低雷诺数翼型的数值模拟,验证数值方法的有效性和鲁棒性.算例表明本文的方法能够为求解更复杂的流动提供参考.     

de Haas–van Alphen effect in strongly correlated electron systems

We present the Fermi surface properties in strongly correlated electron systems of rare earth and uranium compounds via de Haas–van Alphen experiments. The conduction electrons with large cyclotron effective masses over 100m₀ (m₀: rest mass of an electron) are detected in CeRu₂Si₂, CeCoIn₅ and UPt₃. These electrons move slowly in the crystal. The topology of the Fermi surface and the cyclotron mass are compared to those of energy band calculations.     

用CCD分析光源的辐射光谱

本文介绍了利用光电图象技术对光源光谱进行分析的工作。利用ＣＣＤ线阵器件和计算机，我们获得了黑体、灰体及单色光源的光谱特性以及有关数据。     

高技术用混合气体节制冷循环

高技术用混合气体节制冷循环吴沛宜，许名尧（西安交通大学动力系西安７１００４９）关键词：技术，气体，制冷循环。ＴＨＥＴＨＲＯＴＴＬＩＮＧＲＥＦＲＩＧＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＣＹＣＬＥＳＵＳＩＮＧＭＩＸＩＮＧＧＡＳＥＳＵＳＥＤＩＮＨＩＧＨＴＥＣＨＮＩＱＵＥ￥ＷｕＰ...     

基于超图结构的科研合作网络演化模型

基于科研论文作者的合作方式, 用超图理论构建了一个科研合作超网络演化模型. 利用平均场理论分析了作者发表论文的演化规律, 发现作者的超度 (即发表论文数) 分布符合幂律分布. 进一步理论分析得到分布的幂指数γ与合作领域作者增长速度相关. γ越大, 新作者增长速度越快, 且存在关系: γ=1+L/M (L/M为作者增长率). 并通过对《物理学报》与《中国科学》2003–2012年期间作者发表论文进行了数据分析, 实证结果与理论分析及模拟结果能很好地符合. 本文对科研合作网络的理论和实证研究有一定的借鉴意义. 关键词： 复杂网络 超图 科研合作网络 演化模型