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51.
The aromaticity of metal-metal quintuple bonded complexes of the type M2L2 (M=Cr, Mo, and W; L=amidinate) are studied employing gauge including magnetically induced ring current (GIMIC) analysis and electron density of delocalized bonds (EDDB). It is found that the complexes possess two types of aromaticity: i) Hückel aromaticity through delocalization of ligand π electrons with metal-metal δ-bond-forming 6 conjugated electrons (4π and 2δ) ring; ii) Craig-Möbius aromaticity through delocalization of π electrons of both the ligands with metal d-orbitals in Craig type orientation forming 10π electrons ring with a double twist. Extended transition state natural orbital chemical valence (ETS-NOCV) and canonical molecular orbital natural chemical shielding (CMO-NCS) analysis confirm the Craig-Möbius type arrangement of the orbitals. Furthermore, the unprecedented Hückel and Möbius type aromaticity is confirmed from the plot of the current pathways using 3D line integral convolution (3D-LIC) plots. The metal-metal bond order also increases down the group as justified from the complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) analysis. Due to an increase in the π and δ electron conjugation, both the Hückel and Möbius aromaticity increase down the group. 相似文献
52.
Dications of cycloparaphenyles ([n]CPPs) are known to exhibit in-plane global aromaticity, contained in a nanobelt structure. Recently synthesized ortho and meta isomers of [n]CPPs break the radial symmetry of π structure incorporating perpendicular oriented π orbitals. Herein we set to explore the aromaticity of neutral and dicationic ortho and meta isomers of [8]CPP by dissecting the induced magnetic field to contributions of the twofold radial/perpendicular π system using delocalized canonical molecular orbitals (CMO), and introducing the natural localized molecular orbitals (NLMO) analysis with DFT methods. The dications sustain a reduced global aromatic character of the radial π system under a perpendicular orientation of the external field which declines from ortho to meta isomer and reinforces local aromaticity of ortho ring while it destroys aromaticity of meta ring. Aromaticity variations are determined by symmetry governed rotational excitations of frontier π orbitals. The parallel orientation reveals a substantial reduction of local aromaticity verified with NICSπ analysis and electron delocalization indices. 相似文献
53.
Substituent effects of fused six, and five‐membered aromatic rings are investigated on the stability, aromaticity, charge distribution, nucleophilic (N), and electrophilic (ω) characters of 20 singlet (s) and triplet (t) Hammick carbenes, at B3LYP/AUG‐cc‐pVTZ and M06‐2X/AUG‐cc‐pVTZ. Results display: (a) The higher thermodynamic and kinetic stability is revealed by carbenes situated between two nitrogen and/or two oxygen heteroatoms of two substituted rings, in a “W” arrangement toward the carbenic center; (b) Regardless of the arrangement, the order of thermodynamical and kinetic stabilization for fused rings is pyrrole > furan > thiophene > phosphole. (c) The substituted Hammick carbenes with two fused heterocyclics, in a given arrangement, show more stability than unsubstituted Hammick carbene; (d) While two five‐membered heterocyclic rings stabilize their corresponding substituted carbenes, two benzene rings destabilize Hammick carbene; (e) In all structures, s species emerges as ground state, exhibiting more stability than its t state; (f) The scrutinized s carbenes show higher N and lower ω than their corresponding t states. 相似文献
54.
Dr. Dennis Rottschäfer Beate Neumann Dr. Hans-Georg Stammler Dr. Tetiana Sergeieva Dr. Diego M. Andrada Dr. Rajendra S. Ghadwal 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(9):3055-3064
Herein, we report the first 1,4-diphosphinine-1,4-diide compound [(ADCPh)P]2 ( 5-Ph ) (ADCPh=PhC{(NDipp)C}2; Dipp=2,6-iPr2C6H3) derived from an anionic dicarbene (ADCPh) as a red crystalline solid. Compound 5-Ph containing a 16π-electron planar fused-tricyclic ring system was obtained by the 4e reduction of [(ADCPh)PCl2]2 ( 4-Ph ) with Mg (or KC8) in a quantitative yield. Experimental and computational results imply that the central 8π-electrons C4P2 ring of 5-Ph , which is fused between two 6π-electrons C3N2 aromatic rings, is antiaromatic. Thus, each of the phosphorus atoms of 5-Ph has two electron-lone-pairs, one in a p-type orbital is in conjugation with the C=C bonds of the C4P2 ring, while the second resides in a σ-symmetric orbital. This can be shown with the gold complex [(ADCPh)P(AuCl)2]2 ( 6-Ph ) obtained by reacting 5-Ph with (Me2S)AuCl. A mixture of 5-Ph and 4-Ph undergoes comproportionation in the presence of MgCl2 to form the intermediate oxidation state compound [(ADCAr)P]2(MgCl4) ( 7-Ph ), which is an aromatic species. 相似文献
55.
Dr. Ran Lin Ka‐Ho Lee Dr. Ka Chun Poon Dr. Herman H. Y. Sung Prof. Ian D. Williams Prof. Zhenyang Lin Prof. Guochen Jia 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(45):14885-14899
Treatment of Na[Re(CO)5] with RC?CCO2Et (R=phenyl, naphthalen‐1‐yl, phenanthren‐9‐yl and pyren‐1‐yl) followed by reaction with acetyl chloride and ethanol afforded the rhenacyclobutadienes Re{‐C(R)?C(CO2Et)C(OEt)?}(CO)4. Reactions of these rhenacyclobutadienes with HC?COEt produced rhenabenzenes Re{‐C(R)?C(CO2Et)C(OEt)?CHC(OEt)?}(CO)4. Except for R=Ph, new rhenacyclobutadienes with pendant alkenyl substituents Re{‐C(R)?C(C(OEt)?CH(CO2Et))C(OEt)?}(CO)4 were also isolated from these reactions. The NMR spectroscopic and X‐ray structural data, as well as the aromatic stabilization energy (ASE) values suggest that the rhenabenzenes are aromatic, with extensive delocalized π character. 相似文献
56.
Koji Naoda Young Mo Sung Jong Min Lim Prof. Dr. Dongho Kim Prof. Atsuhiro Osuka 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(25):7698-7705
A cross‐conjugated hexaphyrin that carries two meso‐oxacyclohexadienylidenyl (OCH) groups 9 was synthesized from the condensation of 5,10‐bis(pentafluorophenyl)tripyrrane with 3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde. The reduction of 9 with NaBH4 afforded the Möbius aromatic [28]hexaphyrin 10 . Bis‐rhodium complex 11 , prepared from the reaction of 10 with [{RhCl(CO)2}2], displays strong Hückel antiaromatic character because of the 28 π electrons that occupy the conjugated circuit on the enforced planar structure. The oxidation of 11 with 2,3‐dichloro‐5,6‐dicyano‐1,4‐benzoquinone (DDQ) yielded complexes 12 and 13 depending upon the reaction conditions. Both 12 and 13 are planar owing to bis‐rhodium metalation. Although complex 12 bears two meso‐OCH groups at the long sides and is quinonoidal and nonaromatic in nature, complex 13 bears 3,5‐di‐tert‐butyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl and OCH groups and exhibits a moderate diatropic ring current despite its cross‐conjugated electronic circuit. The diatropic ring current increases upon increasing the solvent polarity, most likely due to an increased contribution of an aromatic zwitterionic resonance hybrid. 相似文献
57.
Brandon Z. Child Dr. Santanab Giri Dr. Scott Gronert Dr. Puru Jena 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,20(16):4736-4745
No organic molecules with electron affinities near or above those of halogens are known. We show for the first time that aromaticity rules can be used to design molecules with electron affinities far exceeding those of halogen atoms either by tailoring the ligands of cyclopentadienyl or by multiple benzoannulations of cyclopentadienyl in conjunction with the substitution of CH groups with isoelectronic N atoms. Results based on density functional theory revealed that the electron affinities of some of these organic molecules can reach as high as 5.59 eV, thus opening the door to new class of superhalogens that contain neither a metal nor a halogen atom. 相似文献
58.
Dr. Jordi Poater Prof. Dr. Miquel Solà Prof. Dr. Clara Viñas Prof. Dr. Francesc Teixidor 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(45):12191-12195
A bridge between classical organic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and closo borohydride clusters is established by showing that they share a common origin regulated by the number of valence electrons in an electronic confined space. Application of the proposed electronic confined space analogy (ECSA) method to archetypal PAHs leads to the conclusion that the 4n+2 Wade–Mingos rule for three‐dimensional closo boranes is equivalent to the (4n+2)π Hückel rule for two‐dimensional PAHs. More importantly, use of ECSA allows design of new interesting fused closo boranes which can be a source of inspiration for synthetic chemists. 相似文献
59.
PdII Complexes of [44]‐ and [46]Decaphyrins: The Largest Hückel Aromatic and Antiaromatic,and Möbius Aromatic Macrocycles
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Tomoki Yoneda Young Mo Sung Dr. Jong Min Lim Prof. Dr. Dongho Kim Prof. Dr. Atsuhiro Osuka 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(48):13169-13173
Reductive metalation of [44]decaphyrin with [Pd2(dba)3] provided a Hückel aromatic [46]decaphyrin PdII complex, which was readily oxidized upon treatment with DDQ to produce a Hückel antiaromatic [44]decaphyrin PdII complex. In CH2Cl2 solution the latter complex underwent slow tautomerization to a Möbius aromatic [44]decaphyrin PdII complex which exists as a mixture of conformers in dynamic equilibrium. To the best of our knowledge, these three PdII complexes represent the largest Hückel aromatic, Hückel antiaromatic, and Möbius aromatic complexes to date. 相似文献
60.
The N-heterocyclic carbene, imidazole-2-ylidene, and its main group (13-15) analogues contain cyclically conjugated 6π electrons. Experimental 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra suggest an increase in aromaticity along a period from left to right. Whereas the order along a group is as follows: period 2 > period 5 > period 4 > period 3 due to change in structure. To understand the order of aromaticity, the magnetically induced ring currents of the molecules are calculated using aromatic ring current shielding, gauge-including magnetically induced currents (GIMIC) method and Stanger's σ-model applying the gauge-including atomic orbitals NMR technique. It is found that GIMIC best describes the order of aromaticity especially along a group where current-profile changes on the bivalent atom down a group due to change in electron density. Moreover, the GIMIC provides the visualization of current by sign modulus and the anisotropy of the induced current density plots. 相似文献