Engyodontochones,Antibiotic Polyketides from the Marine Fungus Engyodontium album Strain LF069

Six new ( 2 , 4 – 8 ) and two known polyketides with a basic structure of an anthraquinone‐xanthone were isolated from mycelia and culture broth of the fungus Engyodontium album strain LF069. The structures and relative configurations of these compounds were established by spectroscopic means, and their absolute configurations were defined mainly by comparison of quantum chemical TDDFT calculated and experimental ECD spectra. Compounds 2 and 4 – 8 were given the trivial names engyodontochone A ( 2 ) and B–F ( 4 – 8 ). Compounds 5 – 8 represent the first example of a 23,28 seco‐beticolin carbon skeleton. The relative and absolute configurations of two known substances JBIR‐97/98 ( 1 ) and JBIR‐99 ( 3 ) were determined for the first time. All isolated compounds were subjected to bioactivity assays. Compounds 1 – 4 exhibited inhibitory activity against methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) that was 10‐fold stronger than chloramphenicol.     

Synthesis and Antitumor Activity of Novel Coumarin Derivatives via a Three-component Reaction in Water

An efficient synthesis of novel coumarin derivatives via a three‐component condensation of 4‐hydroxycoumarin, aldehydes and aromatic amines catalyzed by sulfonic acid functionalized ionic liquid L‐2‐(hydroxymethyl)‐1‐(4‐sulfobutyl)pyrrolidinium hydrogen sulfate ([HYSBPI]·HSO₄) is reported. The condensed product was obtained with excellent yields in water under microwave irradiation condition. The antitumor activities of all the synthesized compounds were assessed on two different human cancer cell lines (A‐549 and MCF‐7), and the results showed that these compounds had weak‐to‐good antitumor activities and their IC₅₀ ranged from 0.05 to more than 100 µmol·L^?1.     

两个苯甲羟肟酸有机锡配合物的合成、结构及抗癌活性

合成了2个苯甲羟肟酸有机锡配合物：[(o-Cl-C₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn (C₆H₅CONO)₂](1)和[(o-CH₃-C₆H₄CH₂)₂Sn (C₆H₅CONO)(C₆H₅COO)](2)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、热重分析、单晶X射线衍射等方法对配合物进行了结构表征,对其结构进行量子化学从头计算和体外抗癌活性研究。结果显示：配合物均为单锡核结构,配合物1为六配位的畸变八面体构型,配合物2为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型;配合物1对人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)、肝癌细胞(HuH-7)和肺腺癌细胞(H1975)显示出比临床使用的顺铂强的抑制活性,而配合物2的抑制活性要弱得多。     

Dapson in Heterocyclic Chemistry,Part III: Synthesis,Antimicrobial, and Antitumor Activities of Some New Bisheterocyclic Compounds Containing Biologically Active Diphenylsulfone Moiety

The key intermediate diisothiocyanate 2 was allowed to react with 5-amino-3-methyl-pyrazole-4-carbonitrile 3, ethyl 5-amino-1-phenyl-pyrazole-4-carboxylate 6, 2-amino-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-car-bonitrile 9, ethyl-2-amino-tetra-hydrobenzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxylate 12, and/or 1,2,4-triazole 15 to give the corresponding biscompounds 4, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 16, respectively. The structure of the synthesized compounds was elucidated by elemental analyses and spectral data. Some of the prepared compounds were tested for their antimicrobial and antitumor activities.     

Sensitive monitoring of penicillin antibiotics in milk and honey treated by stir bar sorptive extraction based on monolith and LC‐electrospray MS detection

In the present study, a convenient and sensitive method for determination of six penicillin antibiotics (amoxicillin, ampicillin, penicillin G, oxacillin, cloxacillin, and dicloxacillin) in milk and honey samples was developed. Milk and honey samples were diluted with water, then directly treated by stir bar sorptive extraction based on poly (vinylimidazole‐divinylbenzene) monolithic material as coating. The analytes were analyzed by LC/ESI‐ MS/MS. Several extraction parameters including extraction and desorption time, pH value, and ionic strength in sample matrix were investigated in detail. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the calculated detection limits for the target compounds were as low as 0.23–2.66 ng/kg in milk and 0.18–1.42 ng/kg in honey, respectively. Good linearity was obtained for analytes with the correlation coefficients (R²) above 0.997. Excellent method reproducibility was achieved in terms of intraday and interday precisions, indicated by the RSDs of <5.0 and <10.0%, respectively. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of penicillin antibiotics residues in different milk and honey samples.     

Expedient Total Synthesis of Triciribine and Its Prodrugs

Triciribine (TCN, 1) and its monophosphate (TCNP, 2) are tricyclic nucleotide derivatives that have potential antineoplastic activity. Triciribine inhibits the phosphorylation, activation, and signaling of Akt-1, -2, and -3, which may result in the inhibition of Akt-expressing tumor cell proliferation. Both TCN and TCNP have very low bioavailability, and the development of both drugs as intravenous (IV) treatments was halted because of the toxicity induced by the high doses needed for their use as general cytotoxic agents. This publication describes an expedient and straightforward total synthesis of amino acid prodrugs (3, 4) of TCN and TCNP. In our study, both the prodrugs significant improved the plasma exposure of the parent drugs and the prodrugs.     

Amoxicillin removal from aqueous matrices by sorption with almond shell ashes

The adsorption of the antibiotic amoxicillin at low concentration levels (µg?L^?1 order) from aqueous solution on almond shell ashes has been investigated, either by kinetic or equilibrium assays. The effect of the adsorbent amount, initial concentration of the antibiotic, particle diameter (d_p) and temperature were considered to evaluate the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The results showed that amoxicillin sorption is dependent on these four factors. The adsorption process was relatively fast and equilibrium was established in about 12 hours. The optimum parameters for an initial concentration of 450?µg?L^?1 were 50?mg of adsorbent, 303?K and d_p?<?600?µm. A comparison of kinetic models showed that pseudo-second order kinetics provides the best correlation of the experimental data. Isotherm data adjusted better to Langmuir equation, with an adsorption capacity of 2.5?±?0.1?mg?g^?1 at 303?K. The desorption process was also evaluated (maximum efficiency of 5%). Thermodynamic parameters were calculated and the negative value of ΔH⁰ and ΔG⁰ showed that adsorption was exothermic and a spontaneous process.