以印染废水为主的城镇污水处理厂锑污染来源特征分析

为研究以印染废水为主的城镇污水处理厂锑污染来源特征,对浙江省嘉善县某污水处理厂及纳管行业进行水体锑（Sb）的采样分析,同时对印染和喷水纺织两大行业的锑污染源进行分析.研究表明,在污水处理厂纳管废水中,印染行业废水占纳管总量的55.2%,排锑量占总量的79.3%,是该污水处理厂锑污染的主要来源;在印染生产过程中,布料中锑的平均流失量为7 mg·kg^-1,平均损失率为13%,污染物锑在退浆、水洗和染色工艺段中的释放量依次为：染色 > 退浆 > 水洗;喷水纺织织造工艺中锑的释放量较少,布料中锑的平均流失量为2.2 mg·kg^-1,平均损失率仅为2.1%;污水处理厂进出水、印染各工段废水和织造废水中,锑主要以Sb（V）形态存在.     

MoO3催化碳酸二甲酯与乙酸苯酯合成碳酸二苯酯

采用焙烧法制备了MoO3催化剂并将其用于碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与乙酸苯酯(PA)合成碳酸二苯酯(DPC)反应,考察了焙烧温度对催化荆性能的影响,并用X射线衍射(XRD)对催化剂结构进行了表征.结果发现,在400或500℃焙烧的催化剂具有良好的催化性能,DMC转化率为73.9%,DPC和甲基苯基碳酸酯的选择性分别为39.5%和56.5%.XRD结果表明,该催化剂物相组成为正交晶系MoO3,且(021)或/和(110)晶面有利于酯交换反应.催化剂使用5次后DMC转化率从73.9%降至10.2%,多次重复使用后的催化剂在窄气气氛中于400或500℃焙烧即可再生,再生后催化剂的性能几乎和新鲜催化剂相当.     

Cd13−xInySb10 (x≈2.7, y≈1.5): An Interstitial‐Free Variant of Thermoelectric β‐Zn4Sb3

Although free from structural disorder , the new intermetallic compound Cd_13?xIn_ySb₁₀ (see figure) displays similarly low thermal conductivity values as disordered thermoelectric β‐Zn₄Sb₃ with an isostructural framework.

     

Optical probes for detection and quantification of neutrophils’ oxidative burst. A review

Neutrophils, also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), are the most common type of white blood cells, comprising about 50-70% of all white blood cells. In the event of inflammatory processes, neutrophils display increased mobility, tissue influx ability, prolonged life span, and an increased phagocytic capacity, constituting the initial participants in the cellular defense of the organism. One of the most important defense systems of neutrophils corresponds to their ability to mediate a strong oxidative burst through the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). While oxidative burst is important for the elimination of invading microorganisms, the overproduction of ROS and RNS or the impairment of endogenous antioxidant defenses may result to detrimental effects to the host. The nature and the extent of ROS and RNS production by neutrophils in response to different stimuli is, consequently, a matter of extensive research, with scientific reports showing an enormous variability on the detection methodologies employed. This review attempts to provide a critical assessment of the most common approaches to identify and quantify reactive species formed during the neutrophils’ oxidative burst. The detection mechanisms and performance, as well as advantages and limitations of the different methodologies, are scrutinized, focusing on the use of fluorimetric, chemiluminometric and colorimetric probes.     

Crystal structure and luminescence of antimony(III) chloride complex with anilinium chloride

Crystal structure of (C₆H₅NH₃)₃[SbCl₅]Cl·H₂O is determined by X-ray analysis (a = 9.4155(13) Å, b = 11.4344(16) Å, c = 13.1584(18) Å, α = 113.483(2)°, β = 90.383(2)°, γ = 97.323(2)°, space group P \(\bar 1\), Z = 2, ρ_calc = 1.642 g/cm³). The crystal structure is based on [SbCl₅]^2? anions, anilinium cations (C₆H₅NH₃)⁺, isolated Cl^? anions, and water molecules. Structural features responsible for spectral and luminescent properties of the complex are discussed.     

Structure formation under negative pressures

IR and Raman spectroscopy are used to study cubic and orthorhombic modifications of Sb₂O₃. Vibrational spectra are calculated in the approximation of density functional theory; the bands are assigned. Based on the assignment made, vibrational spectra of the α-Sb₃O₂F₅ compound are analyzed.     

Crystal structure and luminescence of antimony(III) bromide with aniline

The atomic structure of antimony(III) bromide crystals with anilinium was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis of (C₆H₅NH₃)₂SbBr₅ (a = 19.704(3) Å, b = 7.914(1) Å, c = 25.556(4) Å; space group Pbca, Z = 8, ρ_calc = 2.365 g/cm³). The crystal structure consists of infinite chains of [SbBr₅]^2? complex anions formed by sharing six vertices and the anilinium (C₆H₅NH₃)⁺ cations, through which the chains are linked in layers by N-H...Br hydrogen bonds. The geometrical aspects that determine the luminescent spectral properties of the complex are discussed.     

Liquid phase deposition synthesis of hexagonal molybdenum trioxide thin films

Hexagonal molybdenum trioxide thin films with good crystallinity and high purity have been fabricated by the liquid phase deposition (LPD) technique using molybdic acid (H₂MoO₄) dissolved in 2.82% hydrofluoric acid (HF) and H₃BO₃ as precursors. The crystal was found to belong to a hexagonal hydrate system MoO₃.nH₂O (n~0.56). The unit cell lattice parameters are a=10.651 Å, c=3.725 Å and V=365.997 Å³. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the as-deposited samples showed well-shaped hexagonal rods nuclei that grew and where the amount increased with increase in reaction time. X-ray photon electron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra showed a Gaussian shape of the doublet of Mo 3d core level, indicating the presence of Mo⁶⁺ oxidation state in the deposited films. The deposited films exhibited an electrochromic behavior by lithium intercalation and deintercalation, which resulted in coloration and bleaching of the film. Upon dehydration at about 450 °C, the hexagonal MoO₃.nH₂O was transformed into the thermodynamically stable orthorhombic phase.     

环境样品中痕量锑的形态分析研究进展

环境样品中不同形态锑,其生物活性及其毒性不同,其形态分析具有重要意义。由于环境样品中锑的含量相对较低,不同形态锑的分析具有挑战性。归纳总结了环境样品中痕量超痕量锑的形态分析概况及近年来的发展趋势,内容主要包括样品的前处理和不同形态锑的分析方法,指出了未来的发展方向。     

The Antimony‐Based Type I Clathrate Compounds Cs8Cd18Sb28 and Cs8Zn18Sb28

In phase : The title compounds lie in a new region of phase space for such a structure, and have stoichiometries in accord with a classical Zintl phase formulation. The small semiconductor gaps indicated by DFT calculations are also supported by their diamagnetic susceptibilities.