不对称1,3,2-苯并二氧磷杂环己烷非对映消旋体的合成及生物活性

通过相转移催化关环反应合成了新的6-取代-2-疏-2-烷(芳)氧-4-(2,-4二氯苯基)-4-氢-1,3,2-苯并二氧磷杂环已烷(3a-3g),用结晶法分离得到7对非对联消旋体,其结构经¹HNMR、³¹PNMR和元素分析确证,化合物3a-A单晶X射线分析表明其构型为(2R,4S;2S,4R).生物活性测定结果表明,化合物3C有良好的杀虫活性,非对映消旋体A和B具有协同杀虫作用.     

基于取代苯甲酰肼缩丙酮酸配体的二苄基锡配合物的合成、晶体结构及生物活性

二苄基二氯化锡分别与对甲氧基苯甲酰肼缩丙酮酸及对硝基苯甲酰肼缩丙酮酸反应,合成了2个二苄基锡配合物(C1、C2),通过元素分析、IR、~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、~(119)Sn NMR、HRMS以及X射线单晶衍射等表征了配合物结构。测试了配合物C1、C2的热稳定性以及配合物对癌细胞H460、HepG2、MCF7的体外抑制活性;在Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,以EB做为荧光探针,用荧光光谱法初步研究了配合物C1与小牛胸腺DNA的相互作用;并且用凝胶电泳法研究了配合物C1切割质粒DNA pBR322的能力。结果表明:配合物C1、C2对3种癌细胞都有较好的抑制作用,但是C1更优于C2;配合物C1与小牛胸腺DNA作用是插入结合作用所致,能有效的将超螺旋DNA pBR322切割成缺刻型DNA。     

两种基于酰腙配体的镍配合物:水热合成、结构、抗癌活性与量化计算

分别以吡啶和4,4′-联吡啶为第二配体采用水热法合成了2种酰腙镍配合物[Ni(Lss)(Py)](1)和[Ni2(Lrr)2(4,4′-bipy)](2),其中H2Lss=5-硝基水杨醛缩噻吩-2-甲酰腙,H2Lrr=5-溴水杨醛缩噻吩-2-甲酰腙,并通过元素分析、红外光谱和紫外光谱等进行了表征。X射线单晶衍射分析表明1和2的晶体分别属正交晶系Pbca空间群和单斜晶系P21/c空间群。1和2对人白血病细胞HL-60具较强的抑制活性,半数抑制浓度IC50分别为0.476和3.85μg·m L-1。采用密度泛函理论(DFT)对配合物2分子的自然电荷布居和键级进行了分析。     

脊椎状NiCo2O4纳米棒的制备及其析氧和氧还原性能研究

以水热法并进一步焙烧合成脊椎状NiCo₂O₄纳米棒,通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）和热重分析仪（TG）等来表征其结构形态及热稳定性.采用线性扫描法（LSV）、循环伏安（CV）研究所制备催化剂的在玻碳和旋转圆盘电极上的电催化活性：在0.1 mol·L^-1 KOH溶液中的电催化析氧反应（OER）和电催化氧还原反应（ORR）.研究结果表明,所制备的脊椎状NiCo₂O₄纳米棒有大量的不饱和态,200℃焙烧制备的脊椎状NiCo₂O₄纳米棒析氧过电位最小可达309 mV,Tafel斜率145.6 mV/dec,其氧还原极限电流密度在1600 rmp可达到5.095 mA·cm^-2,电子转移数在3.2~3.8之间,接近四电子转移机理,其优良电化学性能可能是由于暴露了更多的边缘缺陷的缘故.     

Z型光催化剂Sb2WO6/g-C3N4的制备及光催化性能

通过水热反应合成了Sb₂WO₆改性的g-C₃N₄复合材料(Sb₂WO₆ /g-C₃N₄). 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 紫外-可见漫散射反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和光致发光光谱(PL)等表征了样品的性质. 结果表明, Sb₂WO₆在g-C₃N₄的表面上生长, 并且复合材料光吸收能力有一定的增强, 光生电子-空穴的重组率降低. 通过罗丹明B(RhB)的光降解评价了Sb₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄复合材料的光催化性能. 结果表明, 模拟日光下Sb₂WO₆质量分数为10%的Sb₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄复合材料在60 min内对RhB的降解率为99.3%, 高于纯g-C₃N₄和Sb₂WO₆. Sb₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄复合材料的这种高度增强的光催化活性主要归因于强的界面相互作用促进了光生电子-空穴分离和迁移. 添加自由基清除剂的实验结果表明, ·O^2-和h⁺是光催化反应中的主要活性物质. Sb₂WO₆/g-C₃N₄复合材料在几个反应周期内表现出优异的稳定性. 根据实验结果提出了一种可能的Z型光催化机理.     

[1,2,4]三唑并[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二嗪类衍生物的合成及生物活性研究进展

[1,2,4]三唑并[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二嗪作为极具前景的活性基团,在抗菌、抗肿瘤等方面具有多种药理活性,在药物和化学领域受到了广泛的关注。本文以含三唑并噻二嗪结构化合物的合成及其在抗肿瘤、抗菌等方面的生物活性为依据,对近几年国内外关于[1,2,4]三唑并[3,4-b][1,3,4]噻二嗪类化合物的研究进行分析总结,以期为后续该类新型抗肿瘤化合物的设计合成提供参考。     

Electrochemical Conversion of CO2 to Syngas with Controllable CO/H2 Ratios over Co and Ni Single‐Atom Catalysts

The electrochemical CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) to yield synthesis gas (syngas, CO and H₂) has been considered as a promising method to realize the net reduction in CO₂ emission. However, it is challenging to balance the CO₂RR activity and the CO/H₂ ratio. To address this issue, nitrogen‐doped carbon supported single‐atom catalysts are designed as electrocatalysts to produce syngas from CO₂RR. While Co and Ni single‐atom catalysts are selective in producing H₂ and CO, respectively, electrocatalysts containing both Co and Ni show a high syngas evolution (total current >74 mA cm^?2) with CO/H₂ ratios (0.23–2.26) that are suitable for typical downstream thermochemical reactions. Density functional theory calculations provide insights into the key intermediates on Co and Ni single‐atom configurations for the H₂ and CO evolution. The results present a useful case on how non‐precious transition metal species can maintain high CO₂RR activity with tunable CO/H₂ ratios.     

Extremely Low Vapor-Pressure Data as Access to PC-SAFT Parameter Estimation for Ionic Liquids and Modeling of Precursor Solubility in Ionic Liquids

Precursor solubility is a crucial factor in industrial applications, dominating the outcome of reactions and purification steps. The outcome and success of thermodynamic modelling of this industrially important property with equations of states, such as Perturbed-Chain Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (PC-SAFT), vastly depends on the quality of the pure-component parameters. The pure-component parameters for low-volatile compounds such as ionic liquids (ILs) have been commonly estimated using mixture properties, e. g. the osmotic pressure of aqueous solutions. This leads to parameters that depend on the solvent, and transferability to other mixtures often causes poor modeling results. Mixture-independent experimental properties would be a more suitable basis for the parameter estimation offering a way to universal parameter sets. Model parameters for ILs are available in the literature [10.1016/j.fluid.2012.05.029], but they were estimated using pure-IL density data. The present work focuses on a step towards a more universal estimation strategy that includes new experimental vapor-pressure data of the pure IL. ILs exhibit an almost negligible vapor pressure in magnitude of usually 10⁻⁵ Pa even at elevated temperatures. In this work, such vapor-pressure data of a series of 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium-based [C₂mim]-ILs with various IL-anions (e. g. tetrafluoroborate [BF₄]⁻, hexafluorophosphate [PF₆]⁻, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [NTf₂]⁻) were experimentally determined and subsequently used for PC-SAFT parameter estimation. The so-determined parameters were used to predict experimental molecular precursor solubility in ILs and infinitely diluted activity coefficients of various solvents in ILs. The parameters were further compared to modeling results using classical parametrization methods (use of liquid-density data only for the molecular PC-SAFT and the ion-based electrolyte PC-SAFT). As a result, the modeled precursor solubilities using the new approach are much more precise than using the classical parametrization methods, and required binary parameters were found to be much smaller (if needed). In sum, including the pure-component vapor-pressure data of ILs opens the door towards parameter estimation that is not biased by mixture data. This procedure might be suitable also for polymers and for all kind of ionic species but needs extension to ion-specific parametrization in the long term.     

毛细管电泳药物筛选方法与技术

毛细管电泳（CE）在新药研发领域显示着重要的应用前景。CE使用水溶液介质作为实验体系,保证了药物筛选在类似于生命介质的环境中进行,优于其他传统体外仪器筛选方法。除了维持被筛选分子和作用对象的生物活性外,CE筛选过程着重突出配体与受体之间的相互作用。毛细管电泳药物筛选瞄准与药理学理论相关的重要参数,如结合常数K_b 、结合速率常数K_on 和解离速率常数K_off ,有利于模拟并预测机体内靶标与药物之间的相互作用过程。该文回顾了毛细管电泳进行药物筛选的历史,评述了毛细管电泳药物筛选方法所依据的理论和相对成熟的各种常用方法,并抽取了部分典型实例以及相关技术进行说明,对以亲和毛细管电泳、动力学毛细管电泳为手段的药物筛选方法进行了介绍,包括分子和细胞层次的药物筛选,以及针对不同类型的候选药物的研究工作都有提及。毛细管电泳与多种技术的联用,包括与质谱以及化学发光等联用发挥了更大的效能。联用方法还应用于中药有效成分的筛选。毛细管电泳在DNA编码化合物库筛选中将有良好应用前景。馏分收集的发展为筛选药物提供了广阔前景,它配合指数富集配体系统进化技术为毛细管电泳药物筛选提供了更多可能。总之,毛细管电泳多样可选的药物筛选方法和技术将为新概念的药物筛选与药物评价提供有力支撑。     

Fabrication linalool-functionalized hollow mesoporous silica spheres nanoparticles for efficiently enhance bactericidal activity

To develop a novel food preservation technology for efficiently enhance bactericidal activity in a long term, hollow mesoporous silica spheres (HMSS) with regular nanostructures were applied to encapsulate natural organic antimicrobial agents. The chemical structures, morphologies and thermal stabilities of linalool, HMSS and linalool-functionalized hollow mesoporous silica spheres (L-HMSS) nanoparticles were evaluated by polarimeter, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA), nitrogen adsorption-desorption, zeta potential and small angle X-ray diffraction (SXRD). The results show that the linalool was successfully introduced into the cavities of HMSS, and the inorganic host exhibited a high loading capacity of about 1500 mg/g. In addition, after 48 h of incubation, the minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) of L-HMSS against Escherichia coli (E. coli), Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) were decreased to be 4 (< 5) mg/mL and 8 (< 10) mg/mL, respectively. These results revealed linalool-functionalized hollow mesoporous spheres could efficiently improve the bactericidal activities of the organic component. Furthermore, SEM images clearly showed that L-HMSS indeed had an extremely inhibitory effect against gram-negative (E. coli) and gram-positive (S. aureus) by breaking the structure of the cell membrane. This research is of great significance in the application of linalool in nano-delivery system as well as food industry.