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21.
22.
The interaction between anionic surfactants and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) are investigated using 13C NMR, ESR spectroscopy and surface tension measurements at the air/water interface. The behavior of single-chained surfactant,
sodium dodecyl sulphonate (AS), is compared with that of the double-chained surfactant, sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate
(NaDEHP). The results showed that a surfactant–polymer complex of “necklace and head structure” is formed in AS aqueous solutions
in the presence of PVP due to the hydrophobic interaction between PVP and AS. The AS micelles nucleate on the polymer hydrophobic
sites, and the mobility of the AS head groups is not affected. But, for NaDEHP surfactant, it was found that PVP is little
effective in influencing the monomer–micelle equilibrium and no surfactant– polymer complex formed in the NaDEHP aqueous solution.
Received: 8 May 1996 Accepted: 14 August 1997 相似文献
23.
L. A. Chekulaeva I. A. Garbuzova V. V. Gavrilenko L. B. Danilevskaya V. A. Kotel'nikov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》1996,45(9):2199-2202
Alkali metal salts of acrylamide C3H4NOM (M = Li, Na, and K) were synthesized for the first time by metallation of acrylamide with alkali metals, their alkyl derivatives, or hydrides. The structures of the compounds synthesized were studied by Raman and IR spectroscopy. Based on the results obtained, an ionic structure was proposed for the salts. The salts were tested as initiators of the anionic polymerization of acrylamide. The catalytic activity of C3H4NOM in the polymerization of acrylamide is not lower than that of the well known catalyst, KOBu1.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 2316–2319, September, 1996. 相似文献
24.
Qin Ren Hong Jin Zhang Xiao Kang Zhang Bao Tong Huang 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1993,31(4):847-851
To get hydrogenated polybutadiene-polymethyl methacrylate (HPB-b-PMMA) block copolymer to be used as a compatibilizer for blends of polyolefin/polar polymer, PB-b-PMMA was synthesized by anionic-free radical mechanism transformation polymerization. Selective extraction, gradient elution thin layer chromatography, and oil-oil emulsion separation techniques were tried to attempt to separate the copolymerization products. Hydrogenation of the PB sequence in PB-b-PMMA yielded HPB-b-PMMA. The compatibilizing function of PB-b-PMMA was shown in blending experiments. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
25.
1,4-Phenylenebis(methylene) sulfonium salts were polymerized under different conditions to yield p-xylylene sulfonium salt polyelectrolytes in a broad range of molecular weights. The aqueous reaction mixture formed a reversible gel at initial monomer concentrations higher than 1.0M, but at lower concentrations it remained as an emulsion until reaction completion. The effect of reaction time on intrinsic viscosities and polymer yields for both the emulsion and the gel state is discussed. The higher yields obtained when the reaction was carried out in the presence of a water-immiscible organic solvent were apparently due to the effect of this solvent on increasing the concentration of the reactive intermediate that led to the polyelectrolyte. Both the addition of an organic solvent and the variation of the initial monomer concentrations allowed some control over the molecular weight of the polyelectrolyte formed. 相似文献
26.
Ioanna Chalari Nikos Hadjichristidis 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2002,40(10):1519-1526
The synthesis of second‐generation (G‐2) dendritic polymers of isoprene (I) and styrene (S) was achieved with anionic polymerization high‐vacuum techniques and by performing the following steps: (1) selective reaction of a living chain with the chlorosilane group of 4‐(chlorodimethylsilyl)styrene (a dual‐functionality compound) to produce a macromonomer, (2) addition of a second living chain (same or different) to the double bond of the macromonomer, (3) polymerization of I with the anionic sites, and (4) reaction of the produced off‐center living species with trichloromethyl silane or tetrachlorosilane (CH3SiCl3 or SiCl4). The combined characterization results showed that the G‐2 dendritic macromolecules synthesized—(S2I)3, (SI′I)3, (I″I′I)3, (I′2I)4—have a high molecular and compositional homogeneity. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 1519–1526, 2002 相似文献
27.
1,3,5,7-Tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (H4) was deposited on silica gel at 80°C by utilizing a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, where it was catalytically polymerized to form a surface coating of polymethylsiloxane (PMS). Treated silica gel (PMS-Si) increased in weight up to a plateau level, and there was no further increase with increasing reaction time. The film of PMS was partially cross linked; typical values of crosslinking ratio and film thickness were 2% and 0.6 nm, respectively. An anionic ion exchanger containing diethylamino groups was synthesized from PMS-Si by hydrosilylation of allyl glycidyl ether followed by treatment with diethylamine. Its structure was confirmed by13C and29Si CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy and FT-IR spectrophotometry. Characterization of silica gel (DEA-Si) modified with diethylamino group was evaluated by a packing of the column for liquid chromatography. As a mixture of five nucleotides was completely separated, it was recognized that DEA-Si was operated by ion exchange action. Because the surface of the silica gel was covered with hydrophobic PMS, the peak heights and retention times did not change after washing of the column with alkaline solution. 相似文献
28.
29.
Joan Carles Ronda Angels Serra Ana Mantecn Virginia Cdiz 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1994,32(15):2841-2848
Copolymers from phenylglycidylether and several aromatic diglycidylethers are prepared using different ratios of difunctional comonomers and the AIP/ZnCl2 initiator system. It is found that the percentage of incorporated comonomer depends on the nature of the aromatic moiety introduced. The copolymers are characterized by 13C-NMR spectroscopy and turn out to be completely regular and with a high degree of isotacticity (about 80%) that confirms the high degree of regio- and stereoselectivity of the initiator system used. The thermal characteristics of copolymer networks are investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry. Two fusion endotherms are observed which vary with the degree of crosslinking. By thermogravimetric analyses the thermal stability is found to increase when the crosslinking degree does. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
30.
甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的阴离子聚合,由于其聚合反应的特殊性和复杂性,早就引起人们的关注。长期以来,在各种引发剂、溶剂和温度等条件下都做了大量的研究。其中有关窄分布聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)合成方面的研究甚少。Anderson等用 相似文献