基于荧光分析的氨基甲酸酯类农药残留检测系统

通过对氨基甲酸酯类农药在紫外光照射下能够产生荧光的机理研究,设计了一种用于检测氨基甲酸酯类农药残留的荧光系统。该系统采用单光源、双光路结构,能够对测量信号和参考信号同时进行处理。采用所设计的筒式光纤探头激发并探测荧光,设计了相应的信号处理电路,实现了计算机管理。利用该系统和稳态光谱仪对西维因进行了对比实验。结果表明:在激发波长为319nm、荧光波长为654nm时,最小检测浓度为5×10-7μg/L。当西维因浓度范围在0.0～120.0μg/L之间时,系统具有较好的线性关系,线性相关系数r=0.9996(信噪比S/N=5)。该系统达到了荧光检测的指标。     

一种基于图像融合的运动目标快速检测算法

提出了一种新的运动目标检测方法,这种方法可以有效的提取目标轮廓。应用一种图像差分技术得到运动目标的初始轮廓线。使用了动态轮廓线使其收敛到目标轮廓。提出了一种新的目标轮廓特征级融合方法,求解两类模式图像的收敛动态轮廓线控制点向量差的范数平方极小化。这种方法不需要图像配准降低了融合的计算复杂度,有效提高了可见光图像中目标轮廓提取的精度。对比检测实验证实了算法的有效性。设计了一种基于Newmark方法的动态轮廓线快速迭代算法,将该方法和方法作了比较,对比实验表明这种方法的时间复杂度降低了22%。     

Frequency measurement of pure rotational transitions of OH

Frequencies of pure rotational transitions of OH⁻ ion were measured in the 1-5 THz region with a high-precision tunable far-infrared spectrometer. The measured frequencies were analyzed together with the data of infrared measurements to refine rotational parameters.     

Auxiliary probe design adaptable to existing probes for remote detection NMR, MRI, and time-of-flight tracing

A versatile, detection-only probe design is presented that can be adapted to any existing NMR or MRI probe with the purpose of making the remote detection concept generally applicable. Remote detection suggests freeing the NMR experiment from the confinement of using the same radio frequency (RF) coil and magnetic field for both information encoding and signal detection. Information is stored during the encoding step onto a fluid sensor medium whose magnetization is later measured in a different location. The choice of an RF probe and magnetic field for encoding can be made based solely on the size and characteristics of the sample and the desired information quality without considering detection sensitivity, as this aspect is dealt with by a separate detector. While early experiments required building probes that included two resonant circuits, one for encoding and one for detection, a modular approach with a detection-only probe as presented here can be used along with any existing NMR probe of choice for encoding. The design of two different detection-only probes is presented, one with a saddle coil for milliliter-sized detection volumes, and the other one with a microsolenoid coil for sub-microliter fluid quantities. As example applications, we present time-of-flight (TOF) tracing of hyperpolarized (129)Xe spins in a gas mixture through coiled tubing using the microsolenoid coil detector and TOF flow imaging through a nested glass container where the gas flow changes its direction twice between inlet and outlet using the saddle coil detector.     

自然地面背景下红外目标检测算法

为了快速准确地检测出以地面物体为背景的红外序列图像中的目标,结合小波变换的特点及其应用于图像边缘检测的优点,提出了一种基于小波技术的图像预处理算法。该方法利用图像边缘在目标识别中的重要作用,讨论了基于小波变换的图像边缘检测方法,并结合地面背景红外图像自身的特点,大大地提高了单帧的检测概率。     

Proposition of Single Molecular Orientation Determination Using polarization Controlled Beam by Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulators

We have proposed a method to control the three-dimensional electric field in the focus of an optical microscope using two non-twisted liquid crystal spatial light modulators, and to detect the molecular orientation of a single molecule. The three-dimensional electric field is generated by focusing the beam with two dimensional spatial distribution of polarization. The possibility of detection of three-dimensional single molecular orientation was shown by numerical calculations. © 2005 The Optical Society of Japan     

Trace Detection of Low Concentrations of Ozone Using a CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Laser with Automatic Tuning over the Spectrum

A technique of detection of ozone, using a CO₂ laser with rapid automated tuning over 8–10 generation lines in the 9.4–9.6-µm spectral range, has been developed. Its experimental verification has shown a higher accuracy of detecting low concentrations of O₃ in comparison with the traditional technique of differential absorption on two lines (on-line and off-line). Using the technique suggested, the content of ozone in the vicinity of city roads with heavy traffic has been measured.__________Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 72, No. 2, pp. 251–255, March–April, 2005.     

类Liu系统在水声微弱信号检测中的应用研究

利用三阶混沌系统构造了一种新的微弱信号检测系统——类Liu系统, 对类Liu 系统进行了深度的理论分析. 类Liu系统中, 当输入待测信号幅值大于某临界值时, 系统可达到平衡点S₀, S₀中系统变量x平衡于摄动力信号, 系统变量y, z收敛于零态, 且S₀ 对应的Lyapunov指数小于零. 通过Matlab仿真、Multisim电路仿真以及实际电路证明了类Liu系统的周期态收敛性及广域检测性, 解决了传统Duffing系统进行微弱信号检测时周期态不收敛、只能进行窄域检测等问题, 同时谱级信噪比范围仍可达-46.57 dB. 类Liu系统采用了全新的设计理念, 具有较高的实用价值, 对未来海洋物联网中的水声通信有一定参考价值.     

Detecting itinerant single microwave photons

Single-photon detectors are fundamental tools of investigation in quantum optics and play a central role in measurement theory and quantum informatics. Photodetectors based on different technologies exist at optical frequencies and much effort is currently being spent on pushing their efficiencies to meet the demands coming from the quantum computing and quantum communication proposals. In the microwave regime, however, a single-photon detector has remained elusive, although several theoretical proposals have been put forth. In this article, we review these recent proposals, especially focusing on non-destructive detectors of propagating microwave photons. These detection schemes using superconducting artificial atoms can reach detection efficiencies of 90% with the existing technologies and are ripe for experimental investigations.     

利用偏振度研究混合目标的混合比

提出一种利用偏振度研究混合目标混合比的新方法。通过建立混合目标模型将混合目标散射光的偏振度与混合目标的混合比建立直接的关系,在理论上得到了混合目标混合比分别与混合目标偏振度和归一化偏振度之间的数值关系,并且进一步给出了混合目标混合比由归一化偏振度的反演结果,为研究混合目标提供了新的思路与方法,对偏振度探测混合目标的实验以及工程应用都有重要的理论意义。