Changes in the acid-base properties of hydrogels of metal oxide hydroxides induced by aging in solutions of electrolytes

Changes in the acid-base properties of titanium(IV), zirconium(IV), iron(III), chromium(III), and indium(III) hydrogels of oxide hydroxides induced by aging in sodium chloride and sulfate solutions were studied by the point of zero charge method. On aging in a solution of the sulfate electrolyte the hydrogels loose their basic properties much more rapidly than in the chloride solution. The most changes were observed in the region of high pH of the point of zero charge of the hydrogels. The changes in the acid-base properties can be explained by a decrease in the content of surface OH groups with are displaced by the supporting electrolyte ions, and due to the oxolation of the hydrogels. Published inIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1329–1332, August, 2000.     

Acid-base properties of poly(1-vinylazoles) in aqueous solution

The interaction of poly(1-vinylimidazole) and poly(1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole) with HCl and alkalies in aqueous and water-salt solutions was investigated by potentiometric titration, viscosimetry, ¹H and ¹³C NMR, and UV spectroscopy. The effect of the nature and concentration of low-molecular counterions was found. The interaction of poly(1-vinylazoles) with the acid results in the protonation of the azole cycle. The interaction of poly(1-vinylazoles) with alkalies is stipulated by the capability of the pyridine N atom of forming a coordination bond with the metal ion and that of the unsaturated pi-system of the heterocycle of coordinating with the anions.     

聚酰胺-胺的酸碱电位滴定分析

聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)是一种有着广泛用途的树形大分子,酸碱滴定分析可以表征合成的PAMAM中所含的伯胺基及叔胺基的数量,因此作为一种重要的辅助表征手段被PAMAM的合成及改性研究者所采用。文章对该方法原理进行了详细的论述,说明了滴定过程中产生的酰胺键水解不影响滴定及计算结果。通过实验表明在pH<2的条件下滴定可以保证叔胺的充分质子化。     

氧化物－NaZSM－5催化剂的研究 Ⅱ．ZnO－NaZSM－5的催化性能

研究了不同ＺｎＯ负载量的ＺｎＯ－ＮａＺＳＭ－５催化剂对甲醇、乙醇和王丙胺转化反应的催化行为．与ＮａＺＳＭ－５和ＺｎＯ相比，ＺｎＯ－ＮａＺＳＭ－５系列催化剂具有更高的催化活性和独特的产物选择性．ＺｎＯ高度分散的样品在甲醇、乙醇和正丙胺转化反应中表现出更有效的酸－碱双功能催化作用．还讨论了酸－碱对中心Ｚｎ－Ｏ在这些催化反应中的作用．     

Halide ion determination from luminescence of the diprotonated form of porphyrin

We have studied quenching of the fluorescence of the diprotonated form of 3,7,13,17-tetramethyl-2,8,12,18-tetrabutylporphyrin by iodide ions in solutions. We have established that there is both static quenching of fluorescence when nonfluorescent complexes are formed with the iodide ions, as a result of an internal heavy atom effect, and also dynamic diffusion-controlled quenching. Based on analysis of the dependences of the fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime on the iodide ion concentration in solution, we suggest using the diprotonated form of this porphyrin as the base compound for designing a fluorescent molecular receptor for halide ions. __________ Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 74, No. 6, pp. 750–755, November–December, 2007.     

Structure and acid-base properties of hexaaluminates

Hexaaluminates SrAl₁₂O₁₉, BaAl₁₂O₁₉ and LaAl₁₁O₁₈ were prepared by co-precipitation of soluble nitrates of Sr, Ba, or La and Al using NH₄HCO₃ as a precipitating agent with subsequent calcination at 700–1400°C. The samples were characterized by adsorption methods, thermal analysis (TA and DTG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of adsorbed probe molecules (CO and CDCl₃). It was shown that calcination at 1200°C resulted in the formation of single-phase hexaaluminates in all the samples except for LaAl₁₁O₁₈, where an additional phase was found. The specific surface area of the samples was obtained in the range 16–22 m²/g. After the treatment at comparable conditions, the total concentrations of both surface Lewis acid sites and basic sites were found to increase in the series: BaAl₁₂O₁₉ < SrAl₁₂O₁₉ < LaAl₁₁O₁₈. However, the strongest basic sites were detected on the surface of BaAl₁₂O₁₉.     

水滑石焙烧产物-镁铝复合氧化物表面性质的反相气相色谱研究

用共沉淀法制备的镁铝水滑石(Mg/Al物质的量比为3),经一定温度焙烧后,得到“笼”状结构的复合氧化物,并采用反相气相色谱法(IGC)对复合氧化物和混合氧化物(氧化镁和氧化铝)的表面性质进行了研究。实验测得一系列探针分子在复合氧化物和混合氧化物上的保留时间,可计算出其吸附热力学函数(吸附自由能(ΔG^?),吸附焓(ΔH^?),吸附熵(ΔS^?)),表面能色散组分(γ_S^d)及复合氧化物的表面酸碱参数(K_A,K_D),并探讨了探针分子在复合氧化物上的吸附机理。结果表明,探针分子进入复合氧化物的“笼”状结构后,可以减小温度对探针分子吸附过程的影响。此外,计算出复合氧化物的表面酸碱参数K_A=3.21及K_D=21.02,定量地表明镁铝复合氧化物是一种两性偏碱的材料。     

固体核磁共振技术研究金属氧化物类固体酸催化剂的酸碱性

固体核磁共振技术是研究固体催化剂酸碱性的有效工具.本文主要介绍了本课题组利用固体核磁共振技术进行固体酸催化剂酸碱性研究的进展,包括吸附水分子对金属氧化物表面酸性质影响的研究,以及结合酸碱探针分子共吸附表征方法对金属氧化物表面酸碱性的研究,对固体核磁共振技术定性和定量分析固体催化剂的酸碱性提出了一些新的见解.     

强碱滴定弱酸的信息化教学软件及其教学实践*

基于酸碱滴定中的离子平衡现行教学中存在的问题,研发了一款以强碱滴定弱酸为例的离子平衡知识学习与习题检验的软件工具。该软件以可视化的技术,用曲线、柱状图等形式展示滴定过程中的动态变化,便于学生从滴定过程中的离子反应、图像和数据中获取信息并进行推理,从而认知酸碱滴定中的离子平衡的内在原理。该软件不仅能用于离子平衡中各概念的教学,也能为相关习题课的讲解创设必要的教学情境。