Strong Pancake 2e/12c Bond in π-Stacking Phenalenyl Derivatives Avoiding Bond Conversion

The nature of the 2e/12c bond and its conversion to a carbon-carbon single bond in phenalenyl dimers have prompted a great deal of interests recently. In this work, we theoretically investigated a series of π-stacking phenalenyl derivatives with 2e/12c bonding character by density functional theory (DFT) calculations to elucidate origin of this unusual bond conversion. Results show that bond-conversion of the phenalenyl dimer easily occurs at room-temperature both dynamically and thermodynamically. However, bond-conversion of hetero π-stacking adducts, in which the two center carbon atoms were substituted by boron and nitrogen atoms, respectively, is much more difficult, because the 2e/12c bond is stabilized by its charge transfer character. Consequently, the bond-conversion is an endothermic process, albeit with a low conversion barrier. Interestingly, Lewis acid-base interactions would be induced by substitution of the center nitrogen atom to phosphorus atom. The 2e/12c bond is further stabilized by 5.9 kcal mol⁻¹ and its conversion is also thermodynamically unfavorable.     

Crystal structures of p-chloro- and p-bromobenzaldehyde

p-Chloro- and p-bromobenzaldehyde form isomorphous monoclinic crystals, space groupP2 ₁/a. For p-Cl at –96°C,a=12.945(3),b=3.833(3),c=26.503(9) Å, =103.68(2)°,Z=8,V=1278(2) ų,Dx=1.461(2) g cm^–3, refinement on 2714 reflections,R=0.047. For p-Br at –96°C,a=12.754(5),b=3.919(3),c=27.317(12) Å, =103.28(3)°,Z=8,V=1329(2) ų,Dx=1.849(3) g cm^–3, refinement on 1519 reflections,R=0.062. The molecules do not differ significantly from planarity. They pack in stacks with Cl...Cl or Br...Br contacts at one end and CH...O contacts that are suggestive of hydrogen bonds at the other. There are no O...Cl or O...Br contacts.     

聚苯胺修饰电极酸碱示波电位滴定法——Ⅰ.水溶液中的酸碱滴定

示波电位滴定具有终点直观、仪器便宜、操作简便、快速、准确等特点。本文将对氢离子响应敏锐、使用寿命长、制备简单的聚苯胺修饰电极(PAME)^[4,5]应用于酸碱示波电位滴定中,使电位突跃更加明显,化学计量点更易判断(与双铂电极体系比较),可滴定多元弱酸、弱碱、混合酸和混合碱.与pH玻璃电极比较,具有阻抗低,响应灵敏、迅速,终点电位突跃大,不易损坏,不需预处理,制备简单等特点.     

酸碱型体分布系数计算的新方法

基于代数法,借助浓度对数图建立了一种计算酸碱型体分布系数的新方法。用该方法计算酸碱型分布系数,仅需对ＰＨ值及相关ＰＫａ值作加减衣简单的对数和指数运算,计算结果与代数法吻合。     

非水滴定法测定水杨酸钠质量分数实验的改进

非水滴定法测定水杨酸钠质量分数是分析化学实验中重要的教学内容,现有教材中该实验的内容主要是高氯酸标准溶液的标定和水杨酸钠质量分数的测定。针对实验过程中指示剂用量和滴定终点颜色不同对测定结果准确度产生影响等问题,将电位滴定法引入到实验中以更好地确定指示剂的合适用量和判断终点颜色。结合统计分析研究不同滴定终点颜色对水杨酸钠测定准确度的影响,并以此改进后的实验方案作为综合性实验内容用于实验教学中。不仅能加深学生对非水滴定等分析方法原理及其有关理论的理解,而且能够培养学生严谨的科学态度和良好的实验素养。     

Preparation and synergetic catalytic effects of amino-functionalized MCM-41 catalysts

Four amine functionalized mesoporous catalysts were synthesized by grafting primary, dualistic and two secondary amines onto the channel walls of mesoporous silica, MCM-41. We examined the effects of organoamine loading amount on the acid-base synergism of the catalysts in the self-condensation reaction of n-butanal, a Knoevenagel condensation and a Henry reaction. We observed the balance of the amine and residual silanol amounts is crucial to the catalytic performances of the functionalized mesoporous catalysts. An optimum organoamine loading amount exists, which is dependent on the organoamine type. There is little difference in the optimum organoamine loading amount between different reactions. The secondary organoamine functionalized MCM-41 exhibits the best catalytic performance in the experimental range.     

Gelation of a liquid electrolyte with aniline for use in a quasi-solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell

A new kind of gel electrolyte containing only organic solvents and an iodide salt-namely 3-methoxypropionitrile(MPN),aniline and AlI 3 -has been prepared.Gel formation results from the Lewis acid-base interaction between the Lewis acid ionic conductor AlI 3 and the Lewis base organic solvent aniline and no additional gelling agent is required.The AlI 3-aniline complex acts both as an ionic conductor and as a gelling agent.The differences between the peaks characteristic of the-NH 2 group and aromatic ring in the FTIR spectra of free aniline and the AlI 3-aniline hybrid confirm the formation of the AlI 3-aniline complex.The photovoltaic performance and long-term stability of dye-sensitized solar cells can be greatly enhanced by the addition of aniline to the AlI 3-MPN liquid electrolyte.     

α-Fe2O3/SiO2纳米颗粒混合体系表面的酸碱性质及其对重金属离子的吸附行为

以Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料, 通过溶胶-凝胶法和辅助模板法分别制备了纳米α-Fe₂O₃和SiO₂, 并对所合成样品进行了粉末X射线衍射(XRD)和BET表征. 使用自动电位滴定仪测定了α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂纳米颗粒混合体系的表面酸碱性质. 研究了在不同pH下α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系对Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Zn²⁺离子的吸附行为. 基于上述实验数据, 用WinSGW软件计算了α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系表面酸碱配位常数, 并得出结论: α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系表面反应为单一脱质子反应≡XOH ⇔ ≡XO^-+ H⁺(lg K = -8.19±0.15), 明显区别于同时具有加质子和脱质子反应的α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃, α-Fe₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃和SiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃等纳米颗粒混合体系. 在此基础上拟合得到α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系吸附重金属离子Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Zn²⁺的表面络合反应平衡常数分别为:
≡XOH + M²⁺ ⇔ ≡XOM⁺+ H⁺ [lg K = -3.1, -3.6, -3.8 (M = Cu, Pb, Zn)].
≡XOH＋M²⁺＋H₂O ⇔≡XOMOH＋2H⁺[lg K = -8.8, -8.0, -10.5 (M = Cu, Pb, Zn)]     

甲胺改性酸碱双功能Y沸石的制备和表征

以甲胺水溶液为改性剂, H-Y沸石可在416 K下经水热反应制备酸碱双功能甲胺杂化H-Y沸石. X 射线粉末衍射(XRD), 固体29Si魔角核磁共振(29Si MAS NMR)表征表明甲胺分子与H-Y相互作用导致沸石晶胞体积明显增大, 骨架产生新的Si—N键. 以热重(TG/DTG)及差热分析(DTA), NH3, CO2程序升温脱附(NH3-TPD和CO2-TPD)研究杂化H-Y沸石的酸-碱性质及其经不同温度焙烧后的变化, 结果表明, 杂化后沸石的酸/碱量, 尤其是后者增加甚大. 与H-Y相比, 随焙烧温度变化, 该酸-碱双功能沸石材料的酸/碱量可分别提高3至7倍和1.5至26倍.     

有机-无机骨架杂化酸碱双功能高硅Y型沸石的制备和结构表征

以甲胺水溶液为改性剂, 高硅Y型沸石可在常温下吸附甲胺(MA)制备有机-无机杂化酸碱双功能高硅Y型沸石材料. X 射线粉末衍射(XRD), 固体²⁹Si魔角核磁共振(¹³C及²⁹Si MAS NMR)表征表明甲胺分子与高硅Y型沸石骨架相互作用导致沸石结构发生变化, 骨架上生成新的Si—N键及Si—OH. 以热重分析(TG/DTG), NH₃, CO₂程序升温脱附(NH₃-TPD和CO₂-TPD)研究杂化Y型沸石的酸碱性质及其经不同温度焙烧后的变化, 结果表明, 杂化后沸石的酸/碱量, 尤其是后者明显增大, 其原因是骨架上生成了新的Si—OH及Si—N键.