Spectroscopically tracing the reactions of octahydridosilsesquioxane (H8Si8O12) with organic molecules

This article studies the reactions and mechanisms of H₈Si₈O₁₂ (T₈H₈) molecules with n-propanol, acetone, allyl alcohol, n-butylamine, allylamine, acetic acid, and 1-octene in air, at room temperature, and without catalysts. The reaction between T₈H₈ and n-propanol involves both the highly polarized Si O and Si H bonds and results in cage breakage and forming Q⁴ and Q³ structures with  OC₃H₇ in the reaction product. T₈H₈ also reacts with acetone, and the resultant product possesses Si OCH(CH₃)₂. Allyl alcohol is less reactive to cause T₈H₈ decomposition, and the resultant product contains Si OCH₂CHCH₂ and Si OCH₂(CH₂)₃CHCH₂. However, it is found that basically T₈H₈ does not react with acetic acid and 1-octene. In the reactions of T₈H₈ with n-butylamine and allylamine, the resultant products contain Si NH(CH₂)₃CH₃ and Si NHCH₂CHCH₂, respectively. For the reaction with T₈H₈, allylamine is less active than n-butylamine. Possible mechanisms for the T₈H₈ reactions are discussed.     

甲苯、丙酮在P,t/NM.催化剂上深度氧化反应动力学研究

在氧大大过量的条件下，考察了甲苯、丙酮在Pt/NM催化剂_}:深度氧化反应的宏观动力学.结果表明:有机物类型不同，反应的动力学特征也不同，共反应速率方程为     

Geometrical,energetic and electronic properties of Au_n-(C_3H_6O)_m complexes(n = 3,5,m≤n):A density functional theory study

<正>The interactions of acetone molecules with clusters of AU_3 and Au_5 are investigated by using a density functional theory(DFT) within a generalized gradient approximation(GGA).The geometries,adsorption energies and deformation electron density distributions are used to analyse these interactions.The present calculations show that more than one acetone molecule can be adsorbed onto small gold clusters,and this adsorption is different from that of single molecule absorption.The coordination number of the adsorption site on the gold cluster is the dominant factor responsible for the strength of the interactions.The effects of the Au-O bond lengths in the complexes on adsorption energies between Au clusters and acetone molecules are also examined.     

Rapid,quantitative, solvent-free synthesis of medium-ring diaza heterocycles from diketene–acetone adduct and diamines

The synthesis of medium-ring heterocycles remains a challenge largely due to unfavorable energetic factors. We are reporting syntheses of 7–9-member diaza heterocycles that go to completion in 5 min, require no solvents, and are quantitative with the only byproducts being acetone and water. The reaction products could be isolated in pure form by simply placing the mixture under vacuum. The reaction sequence possesses many of the hallmarks of a click reaction.     

Ultrasound assisted crystallization for the recovery of lactose in an anti‐solvent acetone

Continuous worldwide increase in high‐scale production of dairy products leads to the constant generation of vast amounts of liquid by‐product, whey. Disposal of liquid whey is costly due to its high biological oxygen demand (BOD) and water content. More than 90% of whey BOD is due to lactose. Recovery of lactose from whey solves both the problems of improving economics of whey utilization and pollution reduction as lactose recovery itself can reduce BOD of whey by more then 80%. Commercial effluent treatment techniques focus on degradation rather than recovery of useful by‐products like lactose. Also, these techniques are time consuming and hence not effective enough. Sonocrystallization is the use of power ultrasound to control the crystallization process during the nucleation phase. In the present study, the process of lactose crystallization has been studied for the recovery of lactose from reconstituted lactose solutions with the aid of ultrasound, in the presence of ‘acetone’, as an anti‐solvent. The crystallization is found to be completed with excellent yields in the range of 80 – 92% within 4 minutes of sonication. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)