碱熔样电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿石中锑

建立了碱熔样电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑矿中总锑的方法。探讨了熔样时间、熔样温度、溶解液酸度及组成对测定结果的影响。以过氧化钠作为熔剂,于650℃熔样15 min,加入1.0 g/L酒石酸调节样品溶液的酸度以防止水解,用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定锑的含量,方法线性范围为0.00~50.0 mg/L,检出限为50.0μg/g,8个样品独立测定结果的相对标准偏差均小于5%(n=11),标准样品测定结果与标准值基本吻合。该方法适用于锑矿中总锑的含量测定。     

铁矿的X射线荧光光谱分析

采用无水四硼酸锂为溶剂,硝酸锂为氧化剂,经高温熔融制成的玻璃熔片,进行进口铁矿的主次元素含量测定。试验结果表明,分析结果经基体校正后与标样值比较,其准确度令人满意,与化学法相比,方法简便快速,精密度高,准确度好。     

Thermal investigations of direct iron ore reduction with coal

In this paper, fundamental mechanisms for iron ore reduction in coal–ore mixtures have been investigated using several advanced experimental techniques. Firstly, the thermal properties of coal–ore mixtures were studied and apparent specific heat of coal–ore mixtures against temperature was obtained at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Several exothermic and endothermic peaks were observed which were related to the decomposition reactions and reduction. The flue gases from the mixture were analysed using a mass spectrometer. Secondly, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the iron phase analytical techniques were applied to identify the iron phase changes with the temperature. It has been found that coal devolatilisation and iron oxides reduction occur simultaneously during the heating of the mixture. H₂ and CO gases produced from coal devolatilisation and char gasification were responsible for the reduction of iron oxides at these temperatures. Iron oxides undergo step-wise reduction over the whole process. The results in this work provide a fundamental understanding for the direct reduced ironmaking processes.     

X-射线荧光光谱法测定锆矿石中锆硅铁钛铝钙

采用熔片法制样,建立了X-射线荧光测定锆矿石中锆、硅、铁、钛、铝、钙的分析方法。使用国家一级标准物质与二氧化锆混合配制的混合标准物质,解决了锆矿石标准物质不足的问题。试样:硼酸锂混合熔剂为1:20,在熔样机中熔成玻璃片,采用经验系数法和散射线内标法校正元素间的谱线重叠效应和基体效应,对标准物质和混配的标准样品进行了分析,标准物质测定结果与推荐值一致,相对标准偏差（RSD%）均小于3.6%。方法能满足高含量锆矿石中主、次量元素的测定。     

Effect of Selective Excitation of Gold Atoms in a Nonequilibrium Oxygen Plasma of a Combined Glow Discharge

The effect of selective excitation of gold atoms in a nonequilibrium oxygen plasma of a combined glow discharge (CGD) has been revealed. When working with alumina oxide as a matrix where the content of aluminum is about 30 wt.%, the atomic lines of Al are not seen at all in the CGD spectrum. But the atomic lines of gold have a very high intensity. Even when the aluminum and gold atomic lines overlap, gold can be detected at a content of 10^–7%. This effect has been registered both in synthetic and natural ore samples.     

微波消解–火焰原子吸收光谱法测定红土镍矿中氧化镁含量

以盐酸、硝酸、氢氟酸溶解红土镍矿样品,加入高氯酸冒烟除去硅和氟,在稀盐酸和氯化锶溶液介质中,于原子吸收光谱仪波长285.2 nm处,使用空气–乙炔火焰,测定样品中氧化镁的含量。在最佳实验条件下,镁的质量浓度在0.20~1.00 mg/L与吸光度呈线性关系,其检出限为0.036 mg/L。该方法用于红土镍矿中氧化镁含量的测定,相对标准偏差小于1.2%,加标回收率为99.1%~100.3%。氧化镁质量分数在0.15%~5.00%范围内的重复性及再现性方程分别为r=0.023m+0.037和R=0.133m–0.028。该方法适合于测定氧化镁含量在0.15%~5.00%的红土镍矿。