Optical limiting response by embedding copper phthalocyanine into polymer host

The multilayer film of PMMA containing mononuclear octakis(mercaptopropylisobutyl-POSS) substituted phthalocyaninato-copper (CuPc) was obtained by spin-coating on quartz substrate. The nonlinear absorption and optical limiting (OL) performance of CuPc have been described using the open-aperture Z-scan technique. The measurements were performed using collimated 4 ns pulses generated from a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at 532 nm wavelength. The results indicate that CuPc/PMMA composite exhibits a much larger nonlinear absorption coefficient, a lower saturable fluence and a lower absorption cross-section ratio for optical limiting when compared to the same CuPc molecules in solution. No evidence of film fatigue or degradation was observed in the CuPc/PMMA film after numerous scans at varying laser intensity. This material is a good candidate for optical limiting applications.     

取代基对卟啉类化合物三阶非线性光学特性的影响

主要采用吸收光谱、荧光光谱和皮秒Z-扫描等实验方法研究了三种不同取代基的卟啉化合物5,10,15,20-四对羟基苯基卟啉[T(4-HP)P]、5,10,15,20-四对酯基苯基卟啉[T(4-EP)P]和5,10,15,20-四对溴苯基卟啉[T(4-BrP)P]的光学及非线性光学性质,并从离域电子共轭结构理论和共振、非共振增强理论进行了分析。结果表明,强给电子基团取代的T(4-HP)P的吸收和荧光发射带比弱给电子基团取代的T(4-EP)P及吸电子基团取代的T(4-BrP)P有明显红移;三种样品均具有正的三阶非线性极化率χ(3),强的给电子能力和共振增强使得T(4-HP)P的三阶极化率比T(4-BrP)P增强了近两个量级,并在532 nm光激发时,χ(3)具有最大值6.81×10-10esu。     

p-HPcCo和p-HPcZn的非线性光学性质研究

采用皮秒Z-扫描技术研究了两种不同中心金属取代的酞菁配合物2,9,16,23-四-(对羧基苯氧基)酞菁钴(p-HPcCo)和2,9,16,23-四-(对羧基苯氧基)酞菁锌(p-HPcZn)的非线性光学性质,并从离域电子共轭结构理论和共振、非共振增强理论进行了分析.结果表明:吸电子能力强的金属离子Zn2+ 取代的p-HPcZn的吸收带相对于Co2+ 取代的p-HPcCo略有红移|两种样品均具有正的三阶非线性极化率,共振增强使得p-HPcZn和p-HPcCo的三阶非线性极化率在532 nm条件下比1 064 nm条件下增强了近两个量级,中心金属离子强的吸电子能力使得p-HPcZn的三阶非线性极化率大于p-HPcCo,并在532 nm激发时,χ(3) 具有最大值1.76×10-10 esu.     

Au-Cu nanoparticles in silica glass as composite material for photonic applications

In the framework of metal nanocluster composite glasses for photonic application, (gold + copper)-containing silica films were synthesized by radiofrequency co-sputtering deposition technique by varying the Au/Cu ratio. To obtain the formation of metallic (alloy) nanoclusters, the deposited samples were annealed in reducing atmosphere at 900 °C. The linear and nonlinear optical properties of the composite glasses were investigated. In particular, the nonlinear ultrafast optical response was measured by means of the Z-scan technique at a wavelength of 527 nm with single 6 ps pulse configuration. Significant refractive and absorptive effects were observed in all the annealed samples. The two main figures of merit related to the performance of materials for optical switching device application were evaluated for all samples, showing interesting values for the Cu-rich composites.     

钨酸钇钠晶体中Tm3+的光谱特性

测量了Tm³⁺:NaY(WO4)₂晶体的吸收光谱、发射光谱和激发光谱，利用J_O理论计算了钨酸钇钠晶体的强度参数：Ω₂=7.21304×10^-20cm²，Ω4=0.504766×10^-20cm²，Ω6=0.977784 ×10^-20cm²，以及Tm³⁺光学参数包括各能级的荧光寿命和荧光分支     

利用级数展开的Z扫描理论分析

利用级数展开的方法，对薄介质的Z扫描理论进行了分析，并对于通常所采用的级数展开和菲涅耳衍射分析方法进行了讨论，证明了在分析利用高斯光束对薄介质进行Z扫描测量时，即使对于大的非线性相移，高斯分解方法和菲涅耳衍射积分方法仍具有等效性，澄清了人们认识上的一些误解。同时分析了远场小孔的归一化透射率与积分限的关系，并对采用高斯分解方法时级数求和的振荡原因进行了分析和讨论，给出了消除振荡所需的最小求和数的判据。针对高斯分解方法和菲涅耳衍射积分方法的使用场合，也进行了讨论。根据所得结论，可以在具体的实验和理论分析中，正确地选择更高效的分析方法。     

Third order nonlinear optical,spectral, dielectric,laser damage threshold,and photo luminescence characteristics of an efficacious semiorganic acentric crystal: L-Ornithine monohydrochloride

The efficient acentric L-ornithine monohydrochloride (LOMHCl), which belongs to the trait of semiorganic category and depicts nonlinear optical characteristics, was grown-up by the process of slow evaporation. The crystal structure and crystallinity of LOMHCl was established by the process of single crystal and powder X-ray diffraction. Single XRD affirm that LOMHCl crystallizes in the system of monoclinic with P2₁ as acentric space group. The examination of FTIR was done to ascertain the existence of various functional groups in LOMHCl. UV–Vis spectral analysis substantiates its optical quality and the optical constants were also assessed. Photoluminescence process elucidates its emission characteristics and its lifetime is also determined. LOMHCl discloses exquisite resistance to laser radiation having threshold up to 2.69 GW/cm². The SEM analysis highlights its surface topography. The mechanical stability has been attested by the analysis of microhardness and several mechanical parameters are also estimated. The investigation of dielectric characteristics of LOMHCl was also accomplished. The studies on second and third order nonlinearity were established by the method of Kurtz–Perry and Z-scan which facilitates its utility in the field of nonlinear optics.     

Structural,optical, thermal and mechanical characterization of an organic nonlinear optical material: 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid single crystal

Organic single crystals of 4-methyl-3-nitrobenzoic acid (4M3N) have been grown by slow evaporation solution growth technique at room temperature. The single crystal X-ray diffraction study reveals that 4M3N crystallizes in monoclinic system with space group P21/n. The crystalline perfection of the crystal was analyzed by high resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) measurements. The functional groups present in 4M3N have been identified from FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra. The lower cut-off wavelength of 4M3N is found to be 404 nm and the optical band gap is calculated as 2.91 eV. The refractive index shows normal behavior with wavelength. The physio chemical changes, decomposition and stability of the 4M3N compound were established by TG-DTA studies. Vickers microhardness measurement concludes that 4M3N belongs to soft material (n=2.5) category. The LDT value is found to be higher than that of KDP and some of the important organic NLO materials. The third order nonlinear refractive index and nonlinear absorption coefficient of the 4M3N have been measured by Z-scan studies. The imaginary and real parts of the third-order susceptibility values were determined as Im χ³=9.129×10⁻¹¹ esu and Re χ³=1.4034×10⁻⁹ esu respectively. The dislocation density was calculated to be 3.0448×10⁶ cm⁻² which indicates the quality of the crystal.     

Nonlinear optical studies of 1-3-diaryl-propenones containing 4-methylthiophenyl moieties

The third-order nonlinear optical properties of chalcone derivatives have been studied using the single beam Z-scan technique. The dependence of χ⁽³⁾ on different donor and acceptor type substituents demonstrates the electronic nonlinearity of compounds. The largest value of nonlinear refractive index, n₂, measured for a high electron donor substituted molecule is −2.033 × 10⁻¹¹ esu. These molecules exhibit a strong two-photon absorption and interesting optical limiting of nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm.     

二茂铁基查尔酮衍生物的超快三阶非线性光学响应

合成三例二茂铁基查尔酮衍生物:1-二茂铁基-3-(5-溴噻吩-2-基)-2-丙烯-1-酮(1)、1-二茂铁基-3-(4-溴噻吩-2-基)-2-丙烯-1-酮(2)和1-二茂铁基-3-(5-氯噻吩-2-基)-2-丙烯-1-酮(3);采用1H NMR、13C NMR和HR-MS对化合物1～3进行了结构表征,并测定了其热学性质;运用密度泛函理论方法进行结构优化,并计算得到了它们的分子轨道能量和极化率;采用紫外-可见吸收光谱与Z-扫描技术(532nm,180fs)分别测定了三种化合物的线性和非线性光学性质。结果表明,化合物1～3的紫外吸收波长发生明显红移,且1的非线性吸收幅度、极化率和分子超极化率最大; 1、2和3均存在分子内电荷转移现象,表现出超快三阶非线性光学响应。