基于UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS技术研究酸枣仁发酵过程中的化学成分转化

利用超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱串联质谱（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS/MS）研究了酸枣仁经茯苓发酵前后的主要化学成分变化,初步探讨了茯苓对酸枣仁发酵的转化规律.鉴定了发酵产物中24种化学成分,整合多元统计方法对酸枣仁发酵0,7和14 d后的差异性化学成分进行研究,采用正交偏最小二乘分析找到7个差异成分.采用t-检验对24种化学成分的相对含量进行分析;并分析了酸枣仁中黄酮苷、皂苷类成分的代谢反应途径.通过茯苓发酵,酸枣仁中化学成分主要发生了脱酰基和脱糖基等水解反应.为酸枣仁发酵产物的化学成分检测提供了快速、直观且准确的方法,为酸枣仁-茯苓共发酵产物的深入开发与利用提供了科学依据.     

DFP算法全局收敛性的几个充分性条件

本文在目标函数是一致凸且采用Ｗｏｌｆｅ线搜索的条件下，给出无约束最优化问题的ＤＦＰ算法的全局收敛性的几个充分性条件，并与「１」中的条件进行了比较。     

Spectral Changes of Light and Scattering Phenomena

In the last few years renewed attention has been paid to the study of light scattering from random media. This is due to the recent discovery of a phenomenon that dynamic light scattering from a fluctuating random medium may produce shifts of spectral lines, even when the source and the scattering medium are at rest relative to the observer. It has also been demonstrated that a similar phenomenon may occur in static light scattering from spatially random media without dynamic fluctuations. By the well-known analogy between the processes of scattering and radiation, these phenomena in scattering are found to be closely related to the correlation-induced spectral changes in the coherence theory which are often referred to as the Wolf effect. In this paper some recent developments are reviewed on research regarding the phenomena of changes in the spectrum of light induced by scattering from random media. Emphasis is placed on a number of up-to-date attempts for elucidating the effects of multiple scattering on these phenomena.This review was presented as an invited paper at the Symposium on Spectral Effects in Collective Phenomena organized as a satellite meeting of the Seventh Rochester Conference on Coherence and Quantum Optics, June 7–10 1995 (Rochester, NY).     

Phylogenetic studies of dogs with emphasis on Japanese and Asian breeds

The first domestication of the dog occurred in East Asia, and major ancestor of the dog was a wolf subspecies, Canis lupus chanco. This finding derives from data on the nucleotide sequences of mtDNA and the frequency of genes controlling blood protein polymorphisms in various subspecies of wolves and dog breeds around the world. The results of the allele frequency distribution of genes controlling 16 blood protein polymorphisms, and the incidence of dogs possessing erythrocytes with high potassium (HK) in Japan, East Asia and Europe allowed us to posturate the following hypothesis about the origins of Japanese dogs and the history of their development. In the Jomon period the first dogs entered the Japanese archipelago from southern or northern continental Asia. These dogs eventually spread throughout Japan. Then, during the Yayoi and Kofun periods, other dogs were brought over via the Korean Peninsula, and crossbreeding occurred with the original dogs. The resulted offspring can be assumed to be the ancestors of most of the Japanese breeds that exist today. Ethological studies have revealed a significant breed difference in behavioral traits among canine breeds with Japanese dogs, showing more aggressive dispositions than most of European dogs.     

Essential spectra of operator matrices and applications

The main goal of this paper is to give a characterization of Wolf, Schechter, and Browder essential spectra of (2 × 2) matrix operator on a Banach space. Furthermore, we apply the obtained results to transport equations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

辐照降解茯苓多糖效应研究

采用扫描电镜、水溶性糖含量检测、紫外光谱、红外光谱等分析方法,系统研究了不同剂量~(60)Co辐照处理对茯苓多糖的降解效应。结果表明,茯苓经辐照后,微观结构上颗粒变小、形状不规则,1000kGy和1200kGy处理出现平整切口;随着辐照剂量的增大,水溶性总糖、水溶性茯苓多糖增加,且1000kGy效应最显著;紫外光谱检测结果显示,1000kGy和1200kGy辐照处理有羰基生成;红外检测结果显示,800、1000、1200kGy辐照处理后羰基均明显增加,且1000kGy和1200kGy处理间的差异不明显;说明辐照茯苓后,茯苓多糖可有效裂解为以羰基类化合物为主且相对分子质量较小的物质,并呈剂量关系。