Optimal consumption models in economic growth

We study the optimal consumption problem in the one-sector model of economic growth under uncertainty. We show the existence of a classical solution of the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation associated with the stochastic optimization problem, and then give an optimal consumption policy in terms of its solution.     

Pattern transfer fidelity in capillary force lithography with poly(ferrocenylsilane) plasma etch resists

The influence of processing conditions and polymer architecture on pattern transfer in capillary force lithography (CFL) using poly(ferrocenylsilane) etch resists is investigated. Zero-shear-rate viscosities measured at different temperatures and for polymers with different molar masses are related to the quality of CFL patterns, assessed based on atomic force microscopy experiments. An optimal range of viscosities corresponding to appropriate molar masses and processing temperatures is established. In this range, polymers possess enough mobility allowing for reasonably quick surface pattern formation. Yet, the polymers are not too mobile and preserve their shape when quenched to below T_g prior to serving as etch resist masks.     

Viscosity of n-alkyl-3-methyl-imidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ionic liquids saturated with compressed CO2

The viscosity of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) saturated with gaseous, liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide (CO₂) was measured by a high-pressure viscometer at three different temperatures (25, 50, and 70 °C). The high-pressure viscosity of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ([EMIm]), 1-n-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium ([HMIm]), and 1-n-decyl-3-methylimidazolium ([DMIm]) cations with a common anion, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)amide ([Tf₂N]), saturated with CO₂ was measured up to a maximum of 287 bar. As CO₂ pressure is increased the viscosity of the IL mixture dramatically decreases. While, the ambient pressure viscosity of 1-alkyl-3-methyl-imidazolium [Tf₂N] ILs increases significantly with increasing chain length, the viscosity of all the CO₂-saturated ILs becomes very similar at high CO₂ pressures. From previous vapor–liquid equilibrium data, the viscosity with concentration was determined and found to be the primary factor to describe the fractional viscosity reduction. Several predictive and correlative methods were investigated for the mixture viscosity given pure component properties and include arithmetic mixing rules, the Irving (Predictive Arrhenius) model, Grunberg equation, etc. The modified Grunberg model with one adjustable parameter provided an adequate fit to the data.     

A New Deep Dual Temporal Domain Adaptation Method for Online Detection of Bearings Early Fault

With the quick development of sensor technology in recent years, online detection of early fault without system halt has received much attention in the field of bearing prognostics and health management. While lacking representative samples of the online data, one can try to adapt the previously-learned detection rule to the online detection task instead of training a new rule merely using online data. As one may come across a change of the data distribution between offline and online working conditions, it is challenging to utilize the data from different working conditions to improve detection accuracy and robustness. To solve this problem, a new online detection method of bearing early fault is proposed in this paper based on deep transfer learning. The proposed method contains an offline stage and an online stage. In the offline stage, a new state assessment method is proposed to determine the period of the normal state and the degradation state for whole-life degradation sequences. Moreover, a new deep dual temporal domain adaptation (DTDA) model is proposed. By adopting a dual adaptation strategy on the time convolutional network and domain adversarial neural network, the DTDA model can effectively extract domain-invariant temporal feature representation. In the online stage, each sequentially-arrived data batch is directly fed into the trained DTDA model to recognize whether an early fault occurs. Furthermore, a health indicator of target bearing is also built based on the DTDA features to intuitively evaluate the detection results. Experiments are conducted on the IEEE Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) Challenge 2012 bearing dataset. The results show that, compared with nine state-of-the-art fault detection and diagnosis methods, the proposed method can get an earlier detection location and lower false alarm rate.     

Polymer conformation in mixed aqueous-polar organic solvents

The conformation of the common polysaccharide dextran has been investigated in mixed solvents at two different temperatures using viscosity measurements. In particular we considered binary mixtures of water with the polar organic solvents glycerol, formamide, dimethylsulfoxide, or ethanol. The intrinsic viscosity of dextran T500 in the different systems has been determined, and the solvent effects, as manifested in variations of the dextran intrinsic viscosity and coil radius, have been correlated to the surface tension and the fractional solubility parameters of the solvent mixture. The coil dimension changes observed in the different solvent mixtures are consistent with expectations from water-cosolvent-dextran interactions, especially as they pertain to hydrogen bonding.     

Passive regulation of volume‐flow ratio for microfluidic streams with different hydrophilicity and viscosity

Biochemical solutions have a wide range of hydrophilicity (contact angle and surface tension) and viscosity. A critical challenge is that microfluidic systems typically need expensive or complex pumps to control the various parallel biochemical streams. In this study, without using any pumps, we present a simple scheme that controls the ratio of the volumetric flow rate (VFR) of the parallel streams that have highly different hydrophilicity and viscosity. We accomplish this process by using capillarity to drive and merge two streams, and by regulating relative flow resistance to control the VFR ratio. Our results will significantly simplify the control of the VFR ratio for the various biochemical solutions that are used in microfluidic applications.     

光谱法研究α-萘乙酸与核酸的相互作用

利用荧光光谱法研究了α-萘乙酸（NAA）与DNA之间的相互作用。结果表明,DNA能使NAA的荧光强度猝灭,根据荧光强度变化和荧光猝灭公式求得NAA与DNA的荧光猝灭常数。荧光寿命实验结果表明,荧光猝灭是由形成复合物的静态猝灭过程所致。黏度实验、离子强度实验等多种实验结果表明,NAA与DNA间的结合作用为部分插入式和沟槽式相结合。     

基于独立成分分析的高光谱图像异常检测

针对高光谱图像中背景及目标先验知识未知条件下的异常目标检测问题,提出了一种基于独立成分分析(ICA)的异常探测算法.首先估计原始数据的虚拟维(VD)以确定要分离的独立成分个数,在此基础上进行快速独立成分分析(FastICA),然后基于平均局部奇异度选择含异常信息较多的独立成分,最后使用丰度量化算法得到异常目标的丰度图像...