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41.
Commercial solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges with C18 bonded silica packings effectively cleaned up acetonitrile extracts of 3-g samples of fats and oils for determination of organophosphorus pesticide residues by gas chromatography with flame photometric detection. Cartridges from three different sources were tested and found to differ in lipid capacity and inertness (free silanol activity). Consequently, the amount of packing (i.e., number of cartridges) and/or the choice of eluent used were adjusted for each brand of cartridge to achieve optimum clean-up and analyte recovery. Seven pesticides with a wide range of polarity (acephate, azodrin, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, methamidophos and methyl parathion) were separated from coextracted lipids by elution with either acetonitrile or methanol, depending on the brand of cartridge used. Cartridges were regenerated by purging lipids with dichloromethane and were reused numerous times without apparent loss of effectiveness. Recoveries from vegetable oils and butterfat fortified with the seven compounds at levels of 0.05–0.87 μg g?1 ranged from 80 to 103%. Practical limits of determination range from 0.01 to 0.08 μg g?1, depending on analyte response. 相似文献
42.
Jie Shao Hai Lin Xue-Fang Shang Hua-Mei Chen Hua-Kuan Lin 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2007,59(3-4):371-375
A new urea-based receptor was designed to selectively recognize H2PO4− among other anions (such as F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, OH-, AcO-) in organic solvent (DMSO) through intermolecular hydrogen bonding. Addition of anions to the receptor caused changes in
UV–vis spectrum which provided the first indication of its anion binding ability.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
43.
G. Durand S. Chiron V. Bouvot D. Barceló 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(1-2):31-42
Abstract C-18 Empore extraction disks were used for the isolation and trace enrichment of different groups of pesticides from river water and artificial sea water at concentration levels of 0.2, 5 and 20 μg/l [chlorotriazines, (atrazine and simazine), their dealkylated metabolites, (deethyl- and deisopropylatrazine), organophosphorus (parathion-ethyl), phenylurea (linuron), anilide (propanil), carbamate (aldicarb and carbofuran) and carbamate transformation products (aldicarb sulfoxide, aldicarb sulfone and 3-hydroxy-7-phenol carbofuran]. The extraction disks allowed high flow rates thus 51 samples could be processed within 2h. 30 min. For most of the pesticides the recoveries, as determined by liquid chromatography with diode array detection (LC-DAD), varied from 74 up to 125% with coefficients of variations (CV) of 5-10%, whereas for the carbamate transformation products the recoveries were in the range of 30-35% having a CV of 17-21%. At spiking level of 0.2 μg/l the dealkylated triazine metabolites and the carbamate transformation products were not detected at all. 相似文献
44.
Daura Vega Zoraida Sosa 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(3):185-197
Abstract A sequential injection analysis method for the simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of phosphate and silicate has been developed. The method is based on the different reaction rates of the heteropolymolybdate formation reactions. Concentrations within the range 0.026—0.485 mmol P l?1 and 0.125—2.848 mmol Si l?1 have been determined at a frequency of 30 samples per hour. An R.S.D. of 2.1% was obtained for 0.162 mmol P l?1 and of 1.1% for 1.424 mmol Si l?1. The method was found to be suitable for the determination of phosphate and silicate in wastewater. 相似文献
45.
F. Deyhimi F. Mermoud F. O. Gülaçlar A. Buchs 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(1-2):75-85
Abstract The use of classical urea inclusion techniques for the separation of straight chain hydrocarbons from branched and cyclic compounds is satisfactory when applied to mixtures in the milligram to gram ranges, but leads to low separation efficiencies when quantities in the microgram to milligram range are involved. In this study, a modified inclusion technique using an urea-packed milli-bore column and a catalytic eluent is described. Examples of its use for the separation of mixtures of linear and cyclic hydrocarbons from 30μg up to a few milligrams are given. The versatility of this technique for the analyses of low amounts of environmental samples is described, and an application to the hydrocarbon fraction of surface sediment from lake Leman (Switzerland) is presented. 相似文献
46.
Véronique Pignon Roger Jeannot Emmanuel Sauvard 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(4):345-366
Abstract The coupling between liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry with an APCI or ESI interface (in positive or negative mode) is used here for multi-residue analyses in natural waters, covering basic and neutral pesticides as well as acid pesticides. The methods developed are applied to drinking and, river waters after the samples are concentrated by liquid-liquid extraction or solid phase extraction on C18 cartridges. Comparisons are made between UV detection and mass spectrometry and between two chromatographic methods for acid substances. The quantitation limits range from 0.01 to 0.1 μg/l according to the substance. 相似文献
47.
48.
Three urea derivatives of anthraquinone were synthesized and they showed a high selectivity for dihydrogen phosphate ions. 相似文献
49.
Georgia‐Paraskevi Nikoleli Muhammad Q. Israr Nikolaos Tzamtzis Dimitrios P. Nikolelis Magnus Willander Nikolas Psaroudakis 《Electroanalysis》2012,24(6):1285-1295
The present article describes a miniaturized potentiometric urea lipid film based biosensor on graphene nanosheets. Structural characterization of graphene nanosheets for miniaturization of potentiometric urea lipid film based biosensors have been studied through atomic force microscopy (AFM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. UV‐Vis and Fourrier transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy have been utilized to study the pre‐ and postconjugated surfaces of graphene nanosheets. The presented potentiometric urea biosensor exhibits good reproducibility, reusability, selectivity, rapid response times (~4 s), long shelf life and high sensitivity of ca. 70 mV/decade over the urea logarithmic concentration range from 1×10?6 M to 1×10?3 M. 相似文献
50.
H. Herzmann 《Isotopes in environmental and health studies》2013,49(2):45-52
Radioaktiv markierte Präparate haben in denletzten Jahren in schnell zunehmendem Maße Eingang in die klinische Medizin gefunden. Sie sind beieiner Reihe von Indikationen schon jetzt außerordentlich wertvolle Hilfsmittel bei der Diagnose, besonders bei der Prüfung von Organfunktionen. 相似文献