阿立哌唑的谱学研究

对抗精神分裂症新药阿立哌唑的紫外光谱(UV)、红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振谱(NMR)以及质谱(MS)进行了解析。根据该化合物的紫外光谱探讨了其在溶液中的存在形式,讨论了红外光谱的特征吸收峰所对应的官能团的振动形式以及质谱的特征同位素离子峰,利用1H—1H cosy,HSQC,HMBC等二维核磁共振技术推断并确证了该化合物的结构,对NMR谱信号进行了归属,并根据化学位移、偶合常数以及二维相关谱分析了该化合物结构中的10个不同的亚甲基。     

环丙沙星的光谱性质、质子化作用与荧光量子产率

研究了环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin, CIP)在不同pH条件下的荧光光谱、紫外吸收光谱和质子化作用,测量了CIP在中性条件下的荧光量子产率。在H+浓度大于1 mol·L-1的HCl介质中,CIP分子(简写为HL)可以结合3个质子而以H₄L3+形式存在,有微弱的荧光,最大荧光发射波长(λ_ｍａｘ)为456 nm。在pH 0～2的酸性条件下,CIP主要以H₃L2+形式存在,λ_ｍａｘ为450 nm,荧光较弱,荧光强度随pH的升高而上升。在pH 2～4时,CIP主要以H₂L+形式存在,具有强荧光,λ_ｍａｘ仍为450 nm。当pH＞4时,λ_ｍａｘ逐步蓝移到414 nm,荧光强度随pH的升高而稍有降低,同时紫外吸收光谱也有明显变化,表明H₂L+随pH升高而失去质子,以双极离子HL形式存在。当pH＞8时,荧光强度随pH升高而减弱至消失,表明HL逐步失去质子,转化为无荧光的阴离子L-。在分子形态变化过程中,最大荧光激发波长始终在275 nm附近,但最大荧光发射波长有较大变化。在pH 7.0的缓冲溶液中,以硫酸奎宁为参比,测得CIP在最大荧光激发波长275 nm处的荧光量子产率为0.12。     

LM-BP神经网络应用于光度法同时测定邻苯二酚、间苯二酚和对苯二酚三组分

应用人工神经网络原理,以Levenberg-marquardt back propagation(LM-BP)算法,对光谱严重重叠的邻苯二酚、间苯二酚和对苯二酚3组分进行同时测定。挑选283.5, 279.5, 276.5 nm处3波长为3种苯二酚的测量波长,按正交设计表L₂₅(56)配置25组标准混合溶液,对3种苯二酚进行训练,平均平方误差(MSE)达到最小值0.083 114 3;同时预测了模拟混合样本中的邻苯二酚、间苯二酚和对苯二酚含量,3种苯二酚异构体在低浓度时误差稍大,绝大部分分析结果相对误差小于5%,特别是对吸收光谱严重重叠的邻苯二酚、间苯二酚有令人满意的分析结果。     

碳纳米管/聚乙烯复合材料薄膜紫外线透过性能的研究

阳光中的紫外线是引起高分子材料老化的最主要因素,高分子材料被紫外线照射后发生一系列的光化学反应,导致材料变色、变脆、透明度下降和力学性能降低,缩短了其使用寿命,长期以来,围绕紫外光对高分子材料老化作用的问题,科学工作者进行了广泛的观测和研究。结果表明,在高     

共轭烯烃的共轭极化势

Based on the conjugated polarization theory,it is expressed as the conjugated polarizability potential （CPP）that the discrepancy between the average electrostatic energy of dipolar state and the electrostatic energy of non-polar state in the conjugated polarizability procedure for the conjugated alkenes. The correlation between CPP and the energy of ultraviolet absorption maximum,and the correlation between the energy of frontier molecular orbital obtained by ab initio calculation of quantum chemistry and the energy of ultraviolet absorption maximum have been carried out for the conjugated alkenes. Both correlation equations show a similar estimated precision. Further, the contribution of alkyl polarizability effect to the stability of dipolar state for the alkyl substituted alkenes with the effective polarizability effect index（PEI（ef））was quantified. Relating the above two parameters CPP and PEI（ef）to the energy of ultraviolet absorption maximum of the substituted alkenes in a two-parameter expression with a good prediction ability was obtained:v=1.1746+5.0187CPP-0.43204PEI （ef）,R=0.9995,s=0.0403,F=10853.28,n=23. The investigated results also indicate that it is less effective to reduce the energy of ultraviolet absorption maximum by means of increasing the alkyl substituent groups than lengthening the conjugated backbone chain in the conjugated alkenes.     

荧光桃红-小檗碱缔合微粒体系的光谱特性研究及分析应用

在pH 6.6的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,荧光桃红在520 nm有一个吸收峰,在560 nm处有一个荧光峰。当有小檗碱存在时,荧光桃红与小檗碱可形成稳定的紫红色缔合微粒。其最大吸收波长在560 nm,小檗碱浓度(c)在6.65×10-7～7.71×10-5mol·L-1范围内符合比尔定律,回归方程为A=1.051×104c+0.008 6,相关系数为0.996 9, 摩尔吸光系数为2.21×104 L·mol-1·cm-1。荧光桃红-小檗碱体系的光谱特性研究表明,小檗碱与荧光桃红主要通过静电引力形成疏水性的缔合微粒,在385,470,586 nm产生3个共振散射峰,560 nm荧光峰的降低是由于复合微粒形成所致。     

分子吸收光谱在生物大分子研究中的应用

综述了近年来分子吸收光谱法在生物大分子结构研究中的应用,重点介绍了利用分子吸收光谱法研究蛋白质、核酸结构及其与小分子的相互作用。分子吸收光谱法因其简便、快速的特点而广泛应用于生物大分子结构的测定。紫外光谱法常用于从分子水平上研究小分子如抗癌药物与核酸作用的机理,并应用于小分子作为光谱探针测定蛋白质、核酸构象的变化。傅里叶变换红外光谱法主要应用于蛋白质二级结构的测定,运用傅里叶自卷积将重叠的酰胺带进行处理,获取蛋白质二级结构的含量信息,从而使傅里叶变换红外光谱法成为揭示蛋白质构象变化的重要工具。     

负催化动力学光度法测定痕量钴

在HOAc-NaOAc缓冲液和氟化钠存在下,Co(Ⅱ)对过氧化氢氧化中性红的反应有较强的负催化作用,利用此性质建立了负催化动力学测定痕量钴的方法。方法线性范围为0．032-4．000ng·m1-1,用于人发中钴的测定,结果满意。     

An improved approach for flow-based cloud point extraction

Novel strategies are proposed to circumvent the main drawbacks of flow-based cloud point extraction (CPE). The surfactant-rich phase (SRP) was directly retained into the optical path of the spectrophotometric cell, thus avoiding its dilution previously to the measurement and yielding higher sensitivity. Solenoid micro-pumps were exploited to improve mixing by the pulsed flow and also to modulate the flow-rate for retention and removal of the SRP, thus avoiding the elution step, often carried out with organic solvents. The heat released and the increase of the salt concentration provided by an on-line neutralization reaction were exploited to induce the cloud point without an external heating device. These innovations were demonstrated by the spectrophotometric determination of iron, yielding a linear response from 10 to 200 μg L⁻¹ with a coefficient of variation of 2.3% (n = 7). Detection limit and sampling rate were estimated at 5 μg L⁻¹ (95% confidence level) and 26 samples per hour, respectively. The enrichment factor was 8.9 and the procedure consumed only 6 μg of TAN and 390 μg of Triton X-114 per determination. At the 95% confidence level, the results obtained for freshwater samples agreed with the reference procedure and those obtained for digests of bovine muscle, rice flour, brown bread and tort lobster agreed with the certified reference values. The proposed procedure thus shows advantages in relation to previously proposed approaches for flow-based CPE, being a fast and environmental friendly alternative for on-line separation and pre-concentration.     

Quick Cuvette Test for Thiol Compounds

ABSTRACT

Plastic cuvettes coated chemically with Prussian Blue films were investigated as quick disposable spectrophotometric test for mercapto-compounds. The determination is based on discoloration of the coating film due to its reduction by analyte. The changes of film absorbance were measured at 720 nm. It was found that the cuvettes can be used for selective determination of cysteamine, β-mercaptoethanol and L-cysteine in millimolar ranges of concentration. The test is useful for determination of L-cysteine and N-acetylcysteine in pharmaceutical products.