全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5407篇 |
免费 | 717篇 |
国内免费 | 911篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2947篇 |
晶体学 | 37篇 |
力学 | 980篇 |
综合类 | 66篇 |
数学 | 355篇 |
物理学 | 2650篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 50篇 |
2022年 | 109篇 |
2021年 | 142篇 |
2020年 | 164篇 |
2019年 | 146篇 |
2018年 | 160篇 |
2017年 | 235篇 |
2016年 | 259篇 |
2015年 | 240篇 |
2014年 | 295篇 |
2013年 | 525篇 |
2012年 | 308篇 |
2011年 | 329篇 |
2010年 | 284篇 |
2009年 | 315篇 |
2008年 | 322篇 |
2007年 | 345篇 |
2006年 | 330篇 |
2005年 | 302篇 |
2004年 | 299篇 |
2003年 | 229篇 |
2002年 | 254篇 |
2001年 | 184篇 |
2000年 | 163篇 |
1999年 | 159篇 |
1998年 | 137篇 |
1997年 | 117篇 |
1996年 | 97篇 |
1995年 | 103篇 |
1994年 | 90篇 |
1993年 | 61篇 |
1992年 | 47篇 |
1991年 | 42篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 25篇 |
1987年 | 17篇 |
1986年 | 10篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有7035条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
151.
Narisawa Masaki Okabe Yoshio Iguchi Masahiro Okamura Kiyohito Kurachi Yasuo 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1998,12(3):143-152
Inorganic-organic hybrid gels were prepared by simultaneous condensation of the liquid mixture of ethyl silicate, ethyl borate and water soluble phenol resin with low molecular weight. The liquid mixtures were changed into lightly colored transparent gels after a catalyst addition and stirring. The obtained gels were crushed, dried and fired in controlled conditions to yield the inorganic precursors. Since the tailored inorganic precursors mainly consisted of SiO2 and carbon, silicon carbide was formed with the heat treatments in an Ar atmosphere beyond 1773 K with carbothermic reduction. The properties and morphology of the formed silicon carbide powders in terms of the starting precursor compositions and the conditions of the carbothermic reduction were investigated with SEM, XRD and TG-DTA analysis. 相似文献
152.
153.
The results of a kinetic investigation of the non-isothermal degradation and the isothermal degradation of the residual deformation
under constant deflection for polychloroprene rubber are presented. A relationship was derived between the degree of non-isothermal
conversion and the value of the investigated mechanical property.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
154.
The paper presents the results of testing
the thermal stability and flammability of butadiene-acrylonitrile rubber vulcanizates
with different contents of combined acrylonitrile: Perbunan NT 1845 and Perbunan
NT 3945 from Bayer, containing unmodified and bromine- or iodine-modified
silica. The test results were obtained with the use of a derivatograph, measurements
of flammability by the method of oxygen index, in air and also with the use
of a cone calorimeter. The effect of the modification on the zeta potential
was also examined.
A considerable reduction in the flammability
of nitrile rubber vulcanizates filled with silica can be obtained by the modification
of filler with bromine or iodine. All the vulcanizates containing modified
silica are self-extinguishing. An appropriate filling of NBR 39 vulcanizates
with bromine-modified silica makes it possible to obtain non-flammable polymeric
materials. They neither ignite nor glow under the action of a flame source
for 30 s.
The findings can be a rational basis for the synthesis
of modified silica that can act as active filler and effective flame-retardant
agent at the same time. 相似文献
155.
Monodisperse, cationic polymer particles bearing quaternary ammonium groups effectively self-organized on hydrophobic solid substrates such as alkylated glass plates and polymer films to form particle monolayers. With an increase of the particle surface charge density, the surface coverage decreased and the morphology of particle monolayers changed from aggregated type to dispersed type. The dispersed type of particle monolayers having a relatively regular particle distance was formed at higher temperature. The self-organization behaviors on alkylated glass plates were different from those on unmodified glass plates through electrostatic interaction. The formation of particle monolayers on alkylated glass plates occurred only over a certain latex concentration range in contrast with that on unmodified glass plate. The adhesive strength of particle monolayers was enhanced by annealing at temperatures above the glass transition temperature (T
g) of the particles. Lens-shaped particle monolayers were fabricated by annealing the dispersed type of particle monolayers. 相似文献
156.
The aggregation behavior of fluorinated surfactant in aqueous solution was investigated using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulation method. Simulation results show that fluorinated surfactants behave mainly as their hydrocarbon analogues, having similar sequences of phases and aggregate structures, which are capable of building micelle, hexagonal phase and lamellar phase. But fluorinated surfactants also show interesting differences from hydrocarbon analogues, which can easily form hexagonal and lamellar structures with comparative little curvature. They can also form ellipsoid or rod-like micelles even in very low concentrations instead of spheroid ones. The dynamic aggregation behavior of fluorinated surfactants, as well as the comparison with hydrogenated ones, was also investigated. 相似文献
157.
Cadmium colloids have been prepared by Chemical Liquid Deposition (CLD). The metal is evaporated to yield atoms which are solvated at liquid nitrogen temperature, and upon warming, stable liquid colloids are formed with particle size ranging between 25–100 Å. Zeta potentials were calculated according to the conversion of Hunter and the Hückel equation, for ethanol and dimethyl sulphoxide. UV/VIS measurement of most of the black colloids showed absorption band around 280 nm. For comparison, we prepared CdS colloid with size 400–625 Å. The colloids are stable to oxidation in air and/or oxygen bubbling. The synthesis of colloids and films from Cd with acetone, 2-butanone, ethanol, 2-propanol, 2-methoxyethanol, DMF and DMSO is reported. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) allows us to determine particle size. 相似文献
158.
有机硅及其改性聚合物膜用于有机溶剂水溶液的渗透汽化分离 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用室温固化硅橡胶及其它三种改性硅氧烷聚合物制成渗透汽化膜,分离丙酮(A),丁酮(B)、乙醇(E)及异丙醇(P)等有机物的水溶液。结果表明,随着透过温度提高、透量成指数关系增大,但对分离系数影响甚小。透量大小顺序为A>B>E>P,分离系数大小顺序为A>B>P>E,当膜材料中(CH_3)_2SiO链节含量由70%上升到100%时,有机物的透量及分离系数同时增加。 相似文献
159.
The attempt to prepare structurally well-defined polymer/inorganic composite particles, i.e., poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/CaCO3/SiO2 three-component composite particles, via reverse atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), using 2-2′-azo-bis-isobutyronitrile as initiator and Cu(II) bromide as catalyst was reported. CaCO3/SiO2 two-component composite particles were first obtained through sol–gel method, and their morphology and surface element information were determined by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The results indicate that the CaCO3 was encapsulated by the obtained SiO2. After being modified by silane coupling agent, the CaCO3/SiO2 composite particles copolymerized with methyl methacrylate (MMA) under standard reverse ATRP conditions to produce PMMA/CaCO3/SiO2 three-component composite particles. In the case concerned, first-order kinetic plots and linear increase of molecular weight (Mn) vs conversion and narrow molecular weight distribution for the graft polymer samples were observed. Furthermore, the gel permeation chromatography results illustrated that both the free PMMA chains from the solvent and the graft PMMA chains from the surface of CaCO3/SiO2 two-component composite particles were growing at the same rate. Characterizations of the PMMA-grafted CaCO3/SiO2 composite particles were done by Fourier transform infrared and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the surface of the modified inorganic particles was grafted by the MMA and that the grafting percentage was about 8.7%. 相似文献
160.
The effects of concentrations of surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate [SLS]) and initiator (sodium persulfate [SPS]) on the polymerization of homogenized styrene emulsions, stabilized by SLS/lauryl methacrylate (LMA) or SLS/stearyl methacrylate (SMA), were studied. The rate of polymerization increases with increasing [SLS] or [SPS]. In addition to monomer droplet nucleation, the formation of particle nuclei in the aqueous phase (homogeneous nucleation) plays a crucial role in the polymerization kinetics. In comparison with the LMA containing polymerization system, monomer droplet nucleation becomes more important when the more hydrophobic SMA was used as the costabilizer. Furthermore, the degree of homogeneous nucleation increases with increasing [SPS]. 相似文献