Preparation and characterizations of inherent flame retarded polyamide 66 containing the phosphorus linking pendent group

Polyamide 66 (PA66) containing the phosphorus linking pendent group with inherent flame retardancy property was prepared by condensation polymerization of hexamethylene diammonium adipate (AH salt) and 9,10‐dihydro‐10‐[2,3‐di(hydroxycarbonyl)propyl]‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DDP) as a co‐monomer. Prior to condensation polymerization, DDP was reacted with hexamethylene diamine (HMDA), which made DDP easier to react with AH salt. Then, the DDP‐HMDA was introduced into AH salt solution to prepare inherent flame retarded PA66 (FRPA66). Fourier transform infrared spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, tensile test, vertical burning test, limiting oxygen index test, cone calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy were utilized to investigate the properties of FRPA66. Experimental results indicated that the bulky pendent phosphorus group tended to destroy the structure regularity of FRPA66 and the molecular weight, crystallinity, and thermal stability reduced. The tensile strength of FRPA66 containing 5 wt% of DDP was 58.44 MPa, and it can achieve a V‐0 rating according to the vertical burning test with the limiting oxygen index value of 33.2%. This indicated that the inherent flame retarded PA66 expanded the application of PA66 materials.     

Metal Nodes of Metal-Organic Frameworks can Activate Molecular Hydrogen

Hydrogenation of multiple bonds are among the most general and important organic reactions. Typical heterogeneous catalysts are based on transition metal nanoparticles, including noble metals. Data are presented here showing that metal nodes of MIL-101(Cr) and UiO-66 in the absence of occluded metal nanoparticles can promote hydrogenation of polarized X=Y double bonds of nitro and carbonyl groups. The catalytic activity is a function of the composition of the metal node and the organic linker. It is proposed that the reaction mechanism is based on the operation of frustrated Lewis acid/base pairs.     

Tryptamine derived amides with thiazole ring system from Thermoactinomyces strain TA66-2

A moderately thermophilic actinomycete strain, which was identified as Thermoactinomyces strain TA66-2, was isolated from hot-spring water. Fermentation, followed by solvent partition and chromatographic separations, resulted in the isolation of two new and two known molecules. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as 2-(1-Propionylaminoethyl)thiazole-4-carboxylic acid [2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]amide and 2-(1-Acetylaminoethyl)thiazole-4-carboxylic acid [2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-ethyl]amide by using spectral methods (1D-, 2D-NMR and LC-ESI-MS).     

Post Synthetic Modification of NH2-(Zr-MOF) via Rapid Microwave-promoted Synthesis for Effective Adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II)

Excessive heavy metals in the water constitute a health hazard to humans, yet it may be efficiently purified using adsorbents. Herein, for the first time, UiO-66-NH₂ was modified by Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) via microwave heating method to investigate its potential for adsorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) metal ions. Synthesized MOF was characterized by TGA, XRD, BET, FE-SEM-EDX, and FTIR. The MOF has a huge surface area of 1144 m²/g, a mean pore diameter of 2.84 nm, and a total pore volume of 0.37 cm³/g. The effect of UiO-66-GMA performance was evaluated by investigating the impact of pH (1–9), contact time (0–200 min), initial metal ions concentration (20–1000 mg/L), temperature (25–55 °C), adsorbent dosage (0.5–3 g/L), and co existences of other metals was investigated on Pb(II) and Cd(II) percentage removal. Following an analysis of the adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics, the Temkin isothermal model showed an excellent fit with the adsorption data (R² = 0.99). The adsorption process was a spontaneous endothermic reaction and kinetically followed the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. Microwave heating method produced highly crystalline small Zr-MOF nanoparticles with a short reaction time. It promoted the simple yet highly efficient synthesis of Zr-based MOFs, as shown by the reaction mass space-time yield. The adsorption capability of Pb to the presence of several polar functional groups, including as primary and secondary amines, ester, alkene, and hydroxyl groups. This adsorbent is a potential candidate for wastewater treatment due to its outstanding structural stability in acidic and basic solutions, high removal efficiency, and recyclability.     

Synthesis of UiO-66 with addition of HKUST-1 for enhanced adsorption of RBBR dye

Toxic dye removal, one of the most serious and common industrial pollutants released into natural water, is a critical issue for modern civilization. In this study, a series of UiO-66 composites was synthesized with addition of HKUST-1 using solvothermal method, which was used to remove RBBR dye. The structure, morphology and surface area of the composites were studied by several analyses. HK(5)/UiO-66 possessed a specific surface area of 557.63 m²/g and showed an adsorption capacity of 400 mg/g, higher than that of UiO-66 (261.92 mg/g) with a contact time of 50 min. Several adsorption parameters that influenced RBBR removal efficiency were investigated, such as pH, initial dye concentrations, and temperature. All the composites followed pseudo-first order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm adsorption. Moreover, the adsorption process occurred exothermically and spontaneously, indicating that the adsorption process was advantageous in terms of energy. The possible adsorption mechanism and cost analysis of the adsorbent were also studied in detail.     

N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2复合材料的协同效应及其光催化降解阳离子型染料

半导体光催化剂作为一种可再生和可持续降解有机污染物的材料被广泛研究.K2Ti4O9由于无毒、低成本、稳定的物理化学性质和独特的光电性能被应用于光催化反应.但是,K2Ti4O9只能被紫外光所激发(因为其带隙能为3.2-3.4 eV),所以大量工作致力于研究如何降低其带隙能,从而使其可以被太阳光中的可见光激发,扩大其应用范围.其中N元素掺杂K2Ti4O9 (N-K2Ti4O9)是最常见的方法之一.单纯的N-K2Ti4O9虽然具有光催化能力,但其吸附容量太小,不能有效地将溶液中的有机物吸附至其表面,因而催化降解有机物效果不显著.UiO-66-NH2是一种Zr基金属-有机骨架化合物,它对阳离子染料具有良好的吸附性能,且具有一些常规无机半导体光催化材料所没有的性质.本文将UiO-66-NH2和N-K2Ti4O9经高温焙烧制备了N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2复合材料,发现该复合材料不仅具有UiO-66-NH2优良的吸附性能,还因为复合提高了其光电性能,从而大大提高了光催化性能,当N-K2Ti4O9/ZrCl4质量比为3∶7时光催化性能最佳.为了考察N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2复合材料的微观形貌、复合结构及光生电子-空穴分离效率,首先通过场发射透射电镜分析N-K2Ti4O9,UiO-66-NH2和N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2(3∶7)复合材料的形貌,然后采用能量散射谱测定复合材料的元素分布,并利用N-K2Ti4O9和UiO-66-NH2中代表性元素K,Ti和Zr的分布判断复合材料的复合结构,最后运用高分辨电镜观察复合材料中N-K2Ti4O9和UiO-66-NH2的异质结界面,确定了两者是通过自组装复合在一起,而不是简单的物理混合.X射线衍射结果表明,复合材料具有N-K2Ti4O9和UiO-66-NH2两者的特征衍射峰,仅在强度和位置上略有变化.这可能是N-K2Ti4O9/UiO46-NH2异质结构所致.通过UiO-66-NH2和N-K2Ti4O9的紫外-可见吸收光谱,用公式计算出它们的带隙能分别是2.645和3.195 eV,与文献结果基本一致.由于光催化剂的光生载流子迁移速率同样影响光催化性能,因此我们在CHI-660D电化学工作站上控制光源反复开关数次,同时记录N-K2Ti4O9,UiO-66-NH2和N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2(3∶7)的光响应电流,发现N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2(3∶7)复合材料展现出最高的光响应电流强度,表明其具有最高的光生载流子迁移速率和最低的光生载流子复合速率.可见,N-K2Ti4O9和UiO-66-NH2复合有利于光生载流子迁移,这可能是由于N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2异质结界面有利于光生载流子在两种材料之间迁移所致.测试了N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2(3∶7)复合材料对不同染料的光催化降解性能.结果发现,该材料对阳离子型染料(罗丹明B和亚甲基蓝)的光催化性能远远高于对阴离子型染料(甲基橙和刚果红).这是由于它对阳离子型染料的吸附性能远高于对阴离子型染料,因此N-K2Ti4O9/UiO-66-NH2复合材料对阳离子型染料具有选择性光催化.     

Extraordinary NO2 Removal by the Metal–Organic Framework UiO‐66‐NH2

Here we discuss the removal of nitrogen dioxide, an important toxic industrial chemical and pollutant, from air using the MOF UiO‐66‐NH₂. The amine group is found to substantially aid in the removal, resulting in unprecedented removal capacities upwards of 1.4 g of NO₂ /g of MOF. Furthermore, whereas NO₂ typically generates substantial quantities of NO on sorbents, the amount generated by UiO‐66‐NH₂ is significantly reduced. Of particular significance is the formation of a diazonium ion on the aromatic ring of the MOF, and the potential reduction of NO₂ to molecular nitrogen.     

Excited states of GFP chromophore and active site studied by the SAC-CI method: effect of protein-environment and mutations

Excited states of fluorescent proteins were studied using symmetry-adapted cluster-configuration interaction (SAC-CI) method. Protein-environmental effect on the excitation and fluorescence energies was investigated. In green fluorescent protein (GFP), the overall protein-environmental effect on the first excitation energy is not significant. However, glutamine (Glu) 94 and arginine (Arg96) have the red-shift contribution as reported in a previous study (Laino et al., Chem Phys 2004, 298, 17). The excited states of GFP active site (GFP-W22-Ser205-Glu222-Ser65) were also calculated. Such large-scale SAC-CI calculations were performed with an improved code containing a new algorithm for the perturbation selection. The SAC-CI results indicate that a charge-transfer state locates at 4.19 eV, which could be related to the channel of the photochemistry as indicated in a previous experimental study. We also studied the excitation and fluorescence energies of blue fluorescent protein, cyan fluorescent protein, and Y66F. The SAC-CI results are very close to the experimental ones. The protonation state of blue fluorescent protein was determined. Conformation of cyan fluorescent protein indicated by the present calculation agrees to the experimentally observed structure.     

The path partition problem and related problems in bipartite graphs

We prove that it is NP-complete to decide whether a bipartite graph of maximum degree three on nk vertices can be partitioned into n paths of length k. Finally, we propose some approximation and inapproximation results for several related problems.     

尼龙66与甲基丙烯酸甲酯接枝共聚合的研究——DMA/硫酸铜引发体系

烯类单体与聚酰胺(尼龙)纤维接枝共聚合已有报道.Varma等人研究了Ce4+引发丙烯腈、丙烯酰胺分别与尼龙纤维的接枝共聚反应。Lenka发表了用P2O48-引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)与尼龙6纤维接枝共聚合的研究结果.Nayak等人报道了用乙酰丙酮锰为引发剂使MMA与尼龙6接枝共聚合.本文以二甲基苯胺(DMA)/硫酸铜为引发体系,用MMA接枝尼龙66纤维丝,研究了Cu2+浓度等因素对该接枝共聚反应的影响.