Participation of compact planar 1,3,5-tri(buta-2,3-dien-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione in Pd(0) catalysed seven component cascade reactions delivers novel tunable molecular architecture

We report the spatially controlled, protecting group free, catalytic assembly of a library of nineteen 7-component cascade products generated from a novel planar trisallenyl 1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione core in combination with aryl iodides and amines with excellent regio and good stereoaselectivity for Z,Z,Z-isomers.     

Group-Transfer Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly (GTPISA) in Non-polar Media: An Organocatalyzed Route to Block Copolymer Nanoparticles at Room Temperature

Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) enables the synthesis at large scale of a wide variety of functional nanoparticles. However, a large number of works are related to controlled radical polymerization (CRP) methods and are generally undertaken at elevated temperatures (>50 °C). Here is the first report on methacrylate-based nanoparticles fabricated by group transfer polymerization-induced self-assembly (GTPISA) in non-polar media (n-heptane). This GTPISA process is achieved at room temperature (RT) using 1-methoxy-1-(trimethylsiloxy)-2-methylprop-1-ene (MTS) and tetrabutylammonium bis-benzoate (TBABB) as initiator and organic catalyst, respectively. Under these conditions, well-defined metal-free and colorless diblock copolymers are produced with efficient crossover from the non-polar stabilizing poly(lauryl methacrylate) (PLMA) block to the non-soluble poly(benzyl methacrylate) (PBzMA) segment. The resulting PLMA-b-PBzMA block copolymers simultaneously self-assemble into nanostructures of various sizes and morphologies. GTPISA in non-polar solvent proceeds rapidly at RT and avoids the use of sulfur or halogenated compounds or metallic catalysts associated with the implementation of CRP methods, thus expanding the potential of PISA formulations for applications in non-polar environments.     

中红外吸收光谱的气相过氧化氢浓度测量

气相过氧化氢为强氧化剂,其消毒、灭菌的最终产物为水和氧气,具有无残留、安全、快速消毒以及广泛的材料兼容性等优点。广泛应用于制药、医疗、卫生、生物安全等领域,特别是新冠肺炎、MERS、SARS以及甲流等呼吸类传染性疾病的消毒防治。为保证灭菌效果,防止无菌检查的假阴性或者假阳性,需要对过氧化氢的浓度进行监测。基于1 255 cm-1量子级联激光器可调谐激光吸收光谱技术研制了一套气相过氧化氢浓度测量装置,浓度测量范围为0~1 800 ppm。采用V型光路结构、窗口片将检测仪主要部件与过氧化氢进行隔离,避免过氧化氢腐蚀。针对高浓度、高吸光度时一阶泰勒级数近似透射率函数误差较大这一情况,采用二阶泰勒级数近似透射率函数,导出了二次谐波信号关于气体浓度的二次函数。二次谐波信号测得是电压值,采用高锰酸钾滴定法对其进行标定、溯源。最终得到气相过氧化氢浓度的测量公式,对高低浓度过氧化氢都拟合较好,拟合误差最大为3%。当湿度变化时,二次谐波信号没有发生变化,排除水分对过氧化氢测量的影响,适用于灭菌过程中常压下高浓度VHP的浓度测量。     

可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱监测农田气体通量特性研究

可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)具有高选择性,高灵敏度等特性,非常适合监测农田痕量气体交换过程。采用开放式光程的可调半导体激光吸收光谱和非分散红外光谱技术,在封丘农田进行了一个月监测试验。选择CO2作为目标气体,用两种不同光谱技术选择不同的通量计算方法,分别获取农田排放通量。根据实验条件,提出了TDLAS的通量印痕模型,对比分析了两种技术的空间代表性特性,同时分析了数据误差来源和不同外界因素对通量测量的影响特性。结果发现在相同的气象条件下,仪器架设高度越高,光学路径越长,开放光路的TDLAS通量贡献区就越大。这些结果对通量监测中仪器安装有很好的指导意义。     

Tuning of full band gap in anisotropic photonic crystal slabs using a liquid crystal

We analyze the tunability of full band gap in photonic crystal slabs created by square and triangular lattices of air holes in anisotropic tellurium background, considering that the regions above and below the slab are occupied by SiO₂ and the holes are infiltrated with liquid crystals. Using the supercell method based on plane wave expansion, we study the variation of full band gap by changing the optical axis orientation of liquid crystal. Our results demonstrate the existence and remarkable tunability of full band gap in both square and triangular lattices, largest band gap and tunability being obtained for the triangular lattice.     

利用可调谐激光吸收光谱技术对光路上气体温度分布的测量

利用可调谐激光吸收光谱技术(TDLAS),扫描多条吸收谱线以实现气体温度分布的测量。文章给出了温度分布测量的原理和方程离散化的方法,在气体浓度和压力均匀时,利用带约束最小二乘法计算得到温度分布。根据HITRAN中6 330 cm-1附近的4条CO谱线的参数,建立了温度在300和600 K时,路径长度均为55 cm的两段温度分布模型,模拟了测量误差与温度区间长度约束条件的影响。结果表明随着测量误差的增大和约束条件的减弱,计算结果误差相应增大。在5％的测量误差下,计算结果的最大误差为11％,平均误差为2.2％。以管式炉中的高温段和室温下的低温段作为两段温度分布模型进行试验。利用6 330 cm-1处的垂直腔面发射激光二极管(VCSEL)扫描得到的4条CO谱线,通过背景信号的三次多项式拟合得到基线,求出温度分布计算所需的光谱吸收率积分值。在四种情况下, 计算温度分布结果与模型误差分别为7.3％,6.5％,4.7％和2.7％。     

掺Yb3+晶体宽带可调谐激光输出特性

三块掺杂率均为5%的Yb3+激光晶体Yb:LSO、Yb:GSO和Yb:GYSO在完全相同的实验条件下由同一块熔融石英棱镜实现了可调谐激光的输出,调谐范围分别为70 nm、66 nm和74 nm.在输出镜透过率为6%时,LSO晶体的光-光转换效率为38.3%;GSO晶体在三者中容易获得更长波长的高功率输出;GYSO晶体由于具有较为平滑的调谐曲线而更容易获得锁模激光.     

Heterogeneous Electrospinning Nanofiber Membranes with pH-regulated Ion Gating for Tunable Osmotic Power Harvesting

Biological ion channels existing in organisms are critical for many biological processes. Inspired by biological ion channels, the heterogeneous electrospinning nanofiber membranes (HENM) with functional ion channels are constructed by electrospinning technology. The HENM successfully realizes ion-gating effects, which can be used for tunable energy conversions. Introduction of pyridine and carboxylic acid groups into the HENM plays an important role in generating unique and stable ion transport behaviors, in which gates become alternative states of open and close, responding to symmetric/asymmetric pH stimulations. Then we used the HENM to convert osmotic energy into electric energy which reach a maximum value up to 12.34 W m⁻² and the output power density of HENM-based system could be regulated by ion-gating effects. The properties of the HENM provide widespread potentials in application of smart nanofluidic devices, energy conversion, and water treatment.     

Inorganic Solid-State Nonlinear Optical Switch with a Linearly Tunable Tc Spanning a Wide Temperature Range

Nonlinear optical (NLO) switch materials that turn on/off second-harmonic generation (SHG) at a phase transition temperature (T_c) are promising for applications in the fields of photoswitching and optical computing. However, precise control of T_c remains challenging, mainly because a linearly tunable T_c has not been reported to date. Herein, we report a unique selenate, tetragonal P 2₁c [Ag(NH₃)₂]₂SeO₄ with a=b=8.5569(2) Å and c=6.5208(2) Å that exhibits a strong SHG intensity (1.3×KDP) and a large birefringence (Δn_obv.=0.08). This compound forms a series of isostructural solid-solution crystals [Ag(NH₃)₂]₂S_xSe_1−xO₄ (x=0–1.00) that exhibit excellent NLO switching performance and an unprecedented linearly tunable spanning 430 to 356 K. The breaking of localized hydrogen bonds between SeO₄²⁻ and the cation triggers a phase transition accompanied by hydrogen bond length changes with increasing x and a linear change in the enthalpy .     

Tunable Fluorescence from 2D Assemblies of LnW10 and P2W18 Polyoxometalates Clusters with Quaternary Ammonium-type AIEgens

Two-dimensional (2D) AIE-inorganic nanocomposites exhibit high stability and high fluorescence activity. However, limited by the types and properties of 2D inorganic materials, it's challenging to realize complex structures and functions. We designed a quaternary ammonium-type AIE ligand, TPECholine. We chose TPECholine and POM clusters as building blocks and synthesized a series of single-layer nanosheets (SLNSs) by assembling LnW₁₀ or P₂W₁₈ POM clusters with TPECholine. By regulating the types of POM clusters and ligands, the morphology and fluorescence intensity of the SLNSs can be finely tuned. Due to the restriction of the intramolecular motions of AIEgens by the SLNSs, nanosheets can exhibit promoted quantum yield (up to 76 %). In addition, thanks to the sub-nanometric sizes and excess surface charges, SLNSs exhibit excellent solvent compatibility, including water, chloroform, ethanol, etc. And the nanosheets showed high fluorescence intensity in these solvents.