碲基掺铒光纤放大器对于渐变输入信号的瞬态响应

为了抑制输出信号功率的瞬态波动,提出了调理脉冲信号边沿变化方式的思想.通过有限差分法数值模拟四能级模型下的粒子数速率-光功率传输方程组,理论研究了宽带碲基掺铒光纤放大器(Erbium-doped Tellurite-based Fiber Amplifier,EDTFA)对于低频脉冲输入信号的瞬态响应.研究表明,相比具有阶跃上升沿的方波脉冲,选择一个合适的渐变上升沿脉冲信号可以有效地抑制EDTFA输出端信号功率的瞬时上冲幅度.在多信道系统中,选择渐变的信道功率上传和下载方式,可以延缓其余信道输出功率的瞬态响应速度,从而为后续增益箍制技术的实施提供了便利.     

Wavelength selection of bidirectional laser transmission based on Monte Carlo method

The laser detection technology in uncertain and dynamic environments is of utmost importance in many fields. A model of transient radiative transfer of bidirectional path laser based on Monte Carlo method is developed to investigate the optimum wavelength of active detector at complex atmospheric conditions. The radiative parameters of atmosphere are calculated by HITRAN database and Mie theory at several typical atmospheric conditions including the standard atmosphere, urban aerosol, and radiation fog. Transmission characteristics for five spectral bands at the above atmospheric conditions are calculated by this model. The optimal transmission ability occurred in bands 0.2–0.5, 1.4–1.6, and 0.75–1.25 μm on the condition of standard atmosphere, urban aerosol, and radiation fog, respectively. All results provide effective reference and basic support for choosing the optimal spectral band for active detection.     

Sound transmission from stiffened double laminated composite plates

An analytical model is developed to investigate the sound transmission loss from orthogonally rib-stiffened double laminated composite plates structure under a plane sound wave excitation, in which first order shear deformation theory is presented for laminated composite plates. By using the space harmonic approach and virtual work principle, the sound transmission loss is described analytically. The validity and feasibility of the model are verified by comparing the present theoretical predictions with numerical results published previously. The influences of structure geometrical parameters on sound transmission loss are subsequently presented. Through numerical results, it can be concluded that the proposed analytical model is accurate and simple in solving the vibroacoustic behavior of an orthogonally rib-stiffened double laminated composite plates.     

THEORY OF DIELECTRIC ELASTOMERS

In response to a stimulus, a soft material deforms, and the deformation provides a function. We call such a material a soft active material （SAM）. This review focuses on one class of soft active materials： dielectric elastomers. When a membrane of a dielectric elastomer is subject to a voltage through its thickness, the membrane reduces thickness and expands area, possibly straining over 100%. The dielectric elastomers are being developed as transducers for broad applications, including soft robots, adaptive optics, Braille displays, and electric generators. This paper reviews the theory of dielectric elastomers, developed within continuum mechanics and thermodynamics, and motivated by molecular pictures and empirical observations. The theory couples large deformation and electric potential, and describes nonlinear and nonequilibrium behavior, such as electromechanical instability and viscoelasticity. The theory enables the finite element method to simulate transducers of realistic configurations, predicts the efficiency of electromechanical energy conversion, and suggests alternative routes to achieve giant voltage-induced deformation. It is hoped that the theory will aid in the creation of materials and devices.     

Approximate expressions and the relationship between pyramidalization (out‐of‐plane deformation) characteristics of trigonal centers

Fairly accurate approximate expressions for commonly used characteristics of non‐planarity of trigonal sp²‐hybridized centers are reported. It is shown that the behavior of all these parameters as a function of bond angles (α, β, γ) is determined primarily by the square‐root of the difference [360° ? (α + β + γ)]. This quantity is proposed as a new versatile measure of pyramidalization. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Mechanics of stretchable electronics on balloon catheter under extreme deformation

Stretchable electronics has been applied to balloon catheters for high-efficacy ablation, with tactile sensing integrated on the surface, to establish full and conformal contact with the endocardial surface for elimination of the heart sink caused by blood flow around their surfaces. The balloon of the catheter folds into uniform ‘clover’ patterns driven by the pressure mismatch inside (∼vacuum) and outside of the balloon (pressure ∼1 atm). The balloon catheter, on which microelectrodes and interconnects are printed, undergoes extreme mechanical deformation during its inflation and deflation. An analytic solution is obtained for balloon catheter inflation and deflation, which gives analytically the distribution of curvatures and the maximum strain in the microelectrodes and interconnects. The analytic solution is validated by the finite element analysis. It also accounts for the effect of inflated radius, and is very useful to the optimal design of balloon catheter.     

A physical mechanism based investigation on the elasto-plastic-damage behavior of anisotropic aluminum alloys under finite deformation

The elasto-plastic-damage behavior of anisotropic aluminum alloys is investigated under finite deformation using a physical mechanism based constitutive model. With an application to the structural calculation, the present model is used to describe and analyze the mechanical response of anisotropic 6260-T6 aluminum alloy extrusions. For the tensile specimens extracted along three different material orientations from the extruded aluminum profile, twelve simulations are carried out covering four different specimen geometries. The simulation results in force-displacement response and central logarithmic axial strain evolution are compared with experimental results. From the comparisons, it can be concluded that the present model has the capacity to describe the behavior of anisotropic material. From the force-displacement curves, the anisotropy is observed in different material orientations, and the physical mechanism of anisotropy is analyzed.     

Deformations of canonical singularities

We prove that small deformations of canonical singularities are canonical.

     

高聚物PMMA的受力变形行为与粘弹－塑性本构理论模型

对高聚物ＰＭＭＡ实验测定了不同（Ｔ，ε）的单轴加卸载循环的应力－应变曲线。讨论了应力促进热激活塑性变形的活化粘壶理论和塑性变形的发展规律。提出由ＳＬＳ或ＭＳ与活化粘壶作串联耦合的粘弹－塑性本构理论模型，给出了微分和积分形式的本构方程组，用于拟合求解加卸载循环的应力－应变曲线，获得良好吻合的结果。详细讨论了ＰＭＭＡ在加载过程中的受力变形行为，包括起始加载的粘弹性变形，ε＿ｖ和ε＿ｐ的互相挤占，屈服点，以及屈服后应变软化和硬化的抗衡过程。对应变软化－硬化效应提出一种新的起因于粘弹变形内禀滞后效应的理论解释，并定名为粘弹软化－强化效应。对所包含的粘弹变形成分，从Ｅ＿ｖ的移位因子和归一化应力－应变主曲线两方面，讨论了可能存在的率温等效关系。