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41.
The present study comparatively investigated the ultrasonic degradation of ketoprofen (KET) and paracetamol (PCT) in water. Ultrasonic irradiation at 555 kHz achieved rapid degradation of KET and PCT in water, the removal efficiencies of KET (2.5–80 μM) and PCT (2.5–80 μM) reached 87.7%-100% and 50.6%-86.9%, respectively, after 10 min of reaction under an ultrasonic power of 60 W. The degradation behaviors of both KET and PCT followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. KET was eliminated faster than PCT because of its higher hydrophobicity. Acidic media favored ultrasonic degradation of KET and PCT. Organic compounds in water matrices exerted a great negative effect on the ultrasonic degradation rates of KET and PCT major by competing with target compounds with the generated radicals at the bubble/water interfacial region. The effects of anions were species dependent. The introduction of ClO4− and Cl− enhanced KET and PCT degradation to different extents, while the introduction of HCO3− posed a negative effect on both KET and PCT. KET and PCT degradation are accompanied by the generation of several transform intermediates, as identified via LC/MS/MS analysis, and corresponding reaction pathways have been proposed. A human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) toxicity evaluation indicated that ultrasonic treatment was capable of controlling the toxicity of KET or PCT degradation. Of note, the enhanced formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), i.e., trichloromethane (TCM) and trichloronitromethane (TCNM), was found due to chlorination after ultrasonic treatment for both KET and PCT. 相似文献
42.
本文采用了按氢分类的分子电距矢量(H-MEDV)对19个含氟取代苯类化合物进行了结构表征。采用多元线性回归(MLR)方法建立了含氟取代苯类化合物的定量结构-毒性关系(QSAR)的5变量模型;上述模型对19个含氟取代苯类化合物毒性预测与实验值较好的吻合,其复相关系数(R)为0.918,标准偏差(SD)为0.382,结果表明所建模型具有较好的稳定性和预测能力。 相似文献
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《Journal of Coordination Chemistry》2012,65(17-18):1553-1561
Three bicadmium(II) complexes with hydroxyethyl pendants were synthesized by [2?+?2] Schiff-base condensation of 2-[bis(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethanol with sodium 2,6-diformyl-4-R-phenolate (for Complex 1, R?=?F; Complex 2, R?=?Cl; Complex 3, R?=?CH3) in the presence of Cd2+. Crystals of 1 were monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a?=?16.251(9), b?=?21.424(11), c?=?12.994(7)?Å and β?=?106.622(9)°. Both Cd(II) atoms were heptacoordinated with monocapped-octahedral geometry. Complex 3 crystals were isolated as triclinic, space group P?1 with α?=?15.502(4), b?=?16.060(4), c?=?16.642(5)?Å and α?=?68.813(4), β?=?80.836(4), γ?= 86.551(4)°. The coordination number and coordination geometry of the Cd ion in one cationic unit of 3 are similar to that of 1, while in the other cationic unit, one Cd atom is N3O4 heptacoordinated and the other Cd atom has an N3O3 coordination environment and possesses a distorted octahedral geometry. The toxicity of these complexes was evaluated by testing antimicrobial activity against bacterial strands. 相似文献
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水体中重金属形态的毒性研究方法 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
以国内外近年来公开发表的科技文献为资料来源,总结了阳极溶出伏安法、离子交换树脂法,膜滤方法等各种化学方法测定水环境中重金属形态的结果与毒性的相关性,评价了各种方法的特点及优缺点,并提出了测定重金属毒性的新发展方向。参考文献共45篇。 相似文献
47.
Christopher M Timperley 《Journal of fluorine chemistry》2004,125(5):685-693
The reactions of four highly-toxic fluorobutenes - perfluoroisobutene (PFIB), 1-hydropentafluorocyclobutene (1-H), hexafluorocyclobutene (HFCB) and 3-chloropentafluorocyclobutene (3-Cl)—with propanethiol, 2,6-dimethoxybenzenethiol and N-acetylcysteine isopropyl ester were studied. PFIB and HFCB reacted with two molar equivalents of the aliphatic thiols, but with only one molar equivalent of the aromatic thiol (presumably due to steric hindrance) and resembled phosgene in their reactivity. The fluorocyclobutenes 1-H and 3-Cl reacted with one and up to three molar equivalents of the aliphatic thiols, respectively, but with only one molar equivalent of the aromatic thiol. The products of allyl and vinyl substitution were isolated and characterised as fully as possible. The inhalation toxicities of the fluorocyclobutenes to rodents correlated with the number of easily-displaceable fluorine substituents, supporting the contention that toxicity is due to reaction with biological thiols in the lung. 相似文献
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Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS) test, smoke toxicity analysis and mouse biological toxicity test were carried out on the second use lithium-ion battery separator and electrolyte. It was found that the types of cracked products of separator and electrolyte under different state of health (SOH) were basically the same, mainly phosphoryl fluoride (POF3) and long-chain F-containing alkanes, alcohols and esters. The content of POF3 in the cracked product increases as the SOH increases. The toxic gas components released after the separator and the electrolyte are completely burned mainly include CO, CO2, and HF. The HF content decreased as the battery SOH decreased, from 101.6 mg/g of the 100% SOH battery to 44.1 mg/g of the 65% SOH battery. In the biological toxicity test, all the mice were found to stop running, close eyes, shed tears, and have shortness of breath. After the test, only 65% SOH and 100% SOH mice recovered their body weight to the pre-experimental average state and gained weight. 相似文献