顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法快速测定酱油中的挥发性风味成分

建立了一种快速简便地测定酱油中挥发性风味成分的顶空固相微萃取（HS-SPME）-气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)。以2-辛醇为内标,考察了萃取头、萃取时间、离子强度、萃取温度对酱油样品中挥发性风味物质萃取的影响。该方法对酱油中常见挥发性风味成分的测定有良好的重复性和回收率,对常见挥发性物质的定量比较准确。优化的HS-SPME条件为：涂层厚度为85 μm聚丙烯酸酯(PA)萃取纤维头,于45 ℃、NaCl质量浓度为250 g/L下对酱油样品顶空吸附40 min,于250 ℃下解吸2 min后进行GC-MS分离鉴定。酱油样品的分析结果表明,其挥发性风味物质中含量较高的是醇、酸、酯和酚类,此外还有一些羰基化合物和杂环化合物。     

An investigation of the structural aspects of the tomato fruit by means of quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance imaging

In this study, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was applied to study the structural aspects of the tomato fruit. The main study was performed on tomatoes (cv. Tradiro) using a 0.2-T electromagnet scanner. Spin-echo images were acquired to visualize the tomato macrostructure. The air bubble content in tissues was evaluated by exploiting susceptibility effects using multiple gradient echo images. The microstructure was further studied by measuring spin–spin (T₂) and spin–lattice (T₁) relaxation time distributions. Nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry, macro vision imaging and chemical analysis were used as complementary and independent experimental methods in order to emphasize the MRI results. MRI images showed that the air bubble content varied between tissues. The presence of gas was attested by macro vision images. Quantitative imaging showed that T₂ and T₁ maps obtained by MRI reflected the structural differences between tomato tissues and made it possible to distinguish between them. The results indicated that cell size and chemical composition contribute to the relaxation mechanism.     

凝胶净化-高效液相色谱法检测对位红在辣椒酱和辣酱油中的残留量

运用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分析并采用凝胶净化系统(GPC)预处理,建立了测定辣椒酱、辣酱油等复杂样品中对位红残留量的检测方法。辣椒酱、辣酱油样品用乙腈提取,经过净化、浓缩,用乙腈定容进行检测。色谱柱为资生堂MG-ⅡC18柱,直接采用等度洗脱,流动相为乙腈-水;采用可变波长检测器(VWD),检测波长为485 nm。对位红标准溶液在0.02~1.0 mg/L浓度范围内,药物峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,其相关系数的平方(R2)为0.9978。辣椒酱、辣酱油样品中添加药物回收率分别为:71.0%±2.5%~90.4%±4.0%和72.1%±3.1%~91.8%±2.0%;对位红在复杂样品中的残留量检测的定量限为0.05μg/g。     

酱油与白酒中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯的化学发光酶免疫分析方法研究

本研究以邻苯二甲酸二甲酯( DMP)为研究目标,以4-氨基邻苯二甲酸二甲酯为半抗原,通过重氮化法偶联载体蛋白并免疫动物,制备针对DMP的特异性兔多克隆抗体。通过棋盘滴定法和单因素实验确定最佳的实验参数,即包被原浓度为50μg/L,一抗浓度为92.5μg/L,二抗浓度为1μg/mL,药物稀释液为pH 6.0的纯水,竞争反应时间为40 min,基于此建立了间接竞争化学发光酶联免疫分析法检测DMP。本方法对DMP的检出限为0.29μg/L,线性检测范围为0.74~30.32μg/L,与13种结构和功能类似物的交叉反应率均<5%,通过倍比稀释降低白酒、酱油样品基质干扰,对样品的平均回收率在80.2%~116.0%之间,平均相对标准偏差<3.6%,结果与GC-MS法的测定结果相符。本方法适用于食品样品中DMP的快速检测。