掺Tm~(3+)光纤激光器的热效应分析

随着泵浦源功率的提高和双包层抽运技术的发展,掺Tm3+光纤激光器的输出功率已达到kW量级,热效应逐渐成为限制掺Tm3+光纤激光器输出功率和光束质量提高的关键因素。主要分析了掺Tm3+光纤激光器的热效应以及一些常用的应对措施。     

Luminescent phosphors, based on rare earth substituted oxyfluorides in the A(1)3−x A(2)xMO4F family with A(1)/A(2)=Sr, Ca, Ba and M=Al, Ga

A new family of UV-activated phosphors made by substituting rare-earth activators such as trivalent Eu, Tb, Tm and Er into A(1)_3−xA(2)_xMO₄F host lattices (A(1)/A(2)=Sr, Ca, Ba; M=Al, Ga) are introduced and their activation and emission spectra as well as their CIE values reported. The Tm-substituted system can be activated using light with a wavelength of 360 nm. Relative intensities of a family of Tb-substituted green phosphors activated at 254 nm and with emissions centered near 548 nm are discussed.     

Influence of Thomson effect on the resultant local Seebeck coefficient in thermoelectric composite materials

The resultant local Seebeck coefficient α _R (=α _S−α _T) at the interface of a thermoelement has not yet been measured, although it is an important factor governing the thermoelectric efficiency, where α _S is the local Seebeck coefficient and α _T is the one caused by the Thomson effect. It is shown in this paper that α _S, α _T, and α _R of the p- and n-type Cu/Bi–Te/Cu composites are obtained analytically and experimentally on the assumption that the local temperature of the composite on which the temperature difference ΔT is imposed varies linearly with changes in position along the composite. They were indeed estimated as a function of position from the local experimental data of R,ΔI,ΔT, and V generated by applying an additional current of ±I to the composite, where R is the electrical resistance and ΔI is a current generated by the composite. As a result, it was found that the absolute values of α _S at the hot interface of the p- and n-type composites are approximately 1.5 and 1.4 times higher than their lowest values in the middle region of the composite, respectively, while those of α _T are less than 8% of α _S all over the composite and are so small that the relation α _R≈α _S can be held. We thus succeeded in measuring α _R at the interfaces of the composite.     

Y2O3∶Yb3+,Tm3+纳米粉体的制备及发光性能研究

以Y2O3为基质材料,Yb3+为敏化剂,Tm3+为激活剂,采用化学共沉淀法制备Y2O3∶Yb3+,Tm3+纳米粉体,通过差热、红外光谱、XRD、荧光、上转换发光和场发射电子显微镜等方法对样品进行表征.结果表明:Tm3+和Yb3+完全固溶到Y2O3立方晶格中,且粉体大小均匀,尺寸约50 nm;Yb3+浓度为4;(摩尔分数)、煅烧温度900 ℃时,荧光和上转换发光强度最强;Tm3+浓度为0.4;时绿光(5F4/5S2→5I8)和红光(2F5/2→2F7/2)荧光强度最强,浓度0.5;时蓝光(1G4→3H6)和红光(1G4→3F4)的上转换发射强度最大.     

Pr3+,Tm3+共注入氮化铝薄膜的光谱特性

采用离子注入的方法在氮化铝薄膜中实现pr3和Tm3元素的单掺杂和共掺杂.以Raman光谱为主要表征手段,对离子注入过程中薄膜内部的应力变化进行研究;以阴极荧光为主要表征手段,对其低温和室温下的发光特性进行研究.Raman光谱的结果显示,离子注入过程使得薄膜内部应力下降,而退火过程使得薄膜内部应力升高.阴极荧光光谱结果显示,AIN:Pr3+主要跃迁峰位于528 nm;AIN:Tm3+主要跃迁峰位位于467 nm;AIN:Pr3+,Tm3+主要跃迁峰位位于528 nm和467 nm.AIN:Tm3+的低温光谱显示,与1I6和1D2两个能态相关的跃迁峰相对强度会随着温度出现急剧变化,由此表明在Tm3+之间存在与温度相关的相互作用.     

Tm3+和Ho3+双掺氟锗酸盐玻璃的中红外发光性质质

用高温熔融法制备了Tm3+和Ho3+离子双掺的65GeO2-12AlF3-10BaF2-8Li2O-5La2O3氟锗酸盐玻璃,应用Judd-Ofelt理论,获得了Ho3+离子的强度参量（Ω2,Ω4,Ω6）,自发辐射跃迁几率Ar,辐射寿命τ等光谱参量。根据McCumber理论,计算了玻璃中Tm3+和Ho3+离子的吸收截面σa、受激发射截面σe和增益光谱G(λ)。在808nm激光二极管激发下,研究分析了Tm3+离子的交叉弛豫过程和Tm3+敏化Ho3+离子的2.0µm的红外发射光谱。结果表明,一定浓度Ho3+的共掺提高了Tm3+（3F4）→Ho3+（5I7）之间的能量转移效率,增强了~2.0µm的红外发光。     

共沉淀法制备NaYF4 : Tm3+,Yb3+的上转换发光

通过共沉淀法制备Tm³⁺和Yb³⁺掺杂的NaYF₄上转换发光材料。其中Tm³⁺和Yb³⁺的摩尔分数分别为0.01%,0.1%。在室温下测试了NaYF₄ : Tm³⁺,Yb³⁺材料在300~1 100 nm的吸收光谱。利用X射线衍射(XRD),扫描电镜(SEM)测试了合成材料的物相结构和微观形貌。结果表明:NaYF₄ : Tm³⁺,Yb³⁺材料为六方相晶体,其颗粒大小约为50~60 nm,产物结晶良好,含有少量杂相。在798 nm近红外光激发下,测试了样品的上转换发光光谱。观察到了蓝、绿色上转换发光。讨论了上转换发光的可能机理,蓝光主要来源于Tm³⁺的激发态¹G₄到基态³H₆的跃迁,绿光来源于Tm³⁺的¹D₂→³H₅跃迁。     

Judd-Oflet analysis of spectrum and laser performance of Ho：YAP crystal end-pumped by 1.91μm Tm：YLF laser

The Ho:YAP crystal is grown by the Czochralski technique.The room temperature polarized absorption spectra of Ho:YAP crystal was measured on a c cut sample with 1 at% holmium.According to the obtained Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ω2 = 1.42 × 10-20 cm2,Ω4 = 2.92 × 10-20 cm2,and Ω6 = 1.71 × 10-20 cm2,this paper calculated the fluorescence lifetime to be 6 ms for 5I7 →5 I8 transition,and the integrated emission cross section to be 2.24×10-18 cm2.It investigates the room temperature Ho:YAP laser end pumped by a 1.91 μm Tm:YLF laser.The maximum output power was 4.1 W when the incident 1.91 μm pump power was 14.4 W.The slope efficiency is 40.8%,corresponding to an optical to optical conversion efficiency of 28.4%.The Ho:YAP output wavelength was centred at 2118 nm with full width at half maximum of about 0.8 nm.     

Design and performance of a composite Tm:YAG laser pumped by VBG-stabilized narrow-band laser diode

A 2-μm composite Tm:YAG laser pumped with a narrow-band laser diode was presented. The temperature distribution and thermal lens in the Tm:YAG were numerically simulated by a finite element method and the results were used to design the special cavity, in order to achieve a high efficiency and stable output. With a 25-W incident pump power, we obtained a maximum output power of 11 W at 2018.5 nm, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 51.3% and an optical-to-optical efficiency of 44.5%, respectively. The beam quality was measured to be M_x~2= 1.8 and M_y~2= 1.6.     

Ca3Y2Si3O12∶Tm3+,Yb3+上转换发光粉的制备与发光性能研究

采用高温固相法成功制备了Ca3Y2Si3O12∶Tm3+,Yb3+上转换蓝色发光材料.在980 nm红外激光器激发下,发光粉呈现强烈的蓝光(475 nm)和近红外光(810 nm)以及较弱的红光(650 nm)发射,分别归因于Tm3+离子的1G4 →3H6、3H4→3H6和1 G4→3 F4能级跃迁.随着Yb3+离子浓度的增加,发光粉上转换发射强度和发光亮度均呈现先增强后减弱的变化趋势.在最佳掺杂浓度下(Yb3+摩尔分数为15％),蓝、红光强度分支比为12∶1,色坐标为(0.129 2,0.152 3).在3.9 W/cm2激发功率密度下,发光亮度可达6.8 cd/m2.上述结果证实,所制备发光粉呈现优异的蓝光上转换发射特性并具有潜在的应用价值.发光强度和激发光功率关系表明,所得上转换发射为三光子和双光子吸收过程.借助Tm-Yb体系能级结构详细讨论了上转换发射的跃迁机制.