基于相关序列脉冲的布里渊光时域反射测量系统解码方法研究

布里渊光时域反射测量(BOTDR)系统空间分辨率和传感距离存在相互制约的关系.相关序列脉冲编码技术可用于解决这一矛盾,但直接对编码脉冲的布里渊散射采样信号进行解码,会因采样时间间隔小于编码单位脉冲宽度而导致解码信号的失真,从而降低了系统空间分辨率和测量精度.分析了直接互相关解码对BOTDR系统空间分辨率的影响,提出一种...     

Reconstruction of band-limited signals from multichannel and periodic nonuniform samples in the linear canonical transform domain

Linear canonical transforms (LCTs) are a family of integral transforms with wide application in optical, acoustical, electromagnetic, and other wave propagation problems. This paper addresses the problem of signal reconstruction from multichannel and periodic nonuniform samples in the LCT domain. Firstly, the multichannel sampling theorem (MST) for band-limited signals with the LCT is proposed based on multichannel system equations, which is the generalization of the well-known sampling theorem for the LCT. We consider the problem of reconstructing the signal from its samples which are acquired using a multichannel sampling scheme. For this purpose, we propose two alternatives. The first scheme is based on the conventional Fourier series and inverse LCT operation. The second is based on the conventional Fourier series and inverse Fourier transform (FT) operation. Moreover, the classical Papoulis MST in FT domain is shown to be special case of the achieved results. Since the periodic nonuniformly sampled signal in the LCT has valuable applications, the reconstruction expression for the periodic nonuniformly sampled signal has been then obtained by using the derived MST and the specific space-shifting property of the LCT. Last, the potential applications of the MST are presented to show the advantage of the theory.     

基于高速肖特基二极管的100 ps瞬态取样门设计与仿真

 皮秒级瞬态取样门主要应用于激光聚变实验和高能物理实验中,对单次高速脉冲进行实时取样。提出了一种新颖的基于肖特基二极管桥的平衡取样门,给出其模型和具体电路设计。电路仿真结果表明,对称的选通设计保证了选通脉宽为100 ps时,取样间隔也为100 ps,取样门带宽为4.4 GHz,可应用于多路超短激光脉冲取样。     

Generalised expressions for the association and dissociation rate constants of molecules with multiple binding sites

ABSTRACT

Many proteins exhibit multiple binding patches. A patch may harbour a key chemical modification site, but may also simply act as a trap for the binding to another site. Here we consider the scenario in which one molecule (enzyme) binds another molecule (substrate) which contains two sites. We present microscopic expressions for the rate at which the enzyme binds to a particular site on the substrate, both for the scenario in which the enzyme directly binds the site without first visiting the other site, and for the case in which it may visit the other site an arbitrary number of times before binding to the site of interest. We also present the expressions for the corresponding dissociation reactions. These expressions can be used to compute in a single rare-event simulation of the dissociation pathway not only both the intrinsic and effective dissociation rate constants but also both association rate constants.     

采用树脂透镜的掌纹图像采集光学系统设计

为了获得高分辨率、高对比度和低畸变的掌纹图像,同时实现系统的轻量化和高性价比,本文基于全反射原理,采用树脂材料设计了一款由6片镜构成双远心光路的掌纹采集光学系统。树脂材料的选用减轻了光学系统的总重量;基于光的全反射原理的系统设计增强了掌纹图像的对比度;选择双远心光学结构,便于对倾斜物面所产生的梯形畸变进行矫正。对所设计光学系统的成像质量分析表明,该系统所有视场的光学传递函数（MTF）在Nyquist频率228 lp/mm处均达0.55以上,畸变〈0.14%。设计的光学系统可以采集120 mm×160 mm的手掌区域,实际手掌面上的分辨率达到500dpi,采集的掌纹图像分辨率达到8.0×106 pixel,满足了实际采集的要求。     

竞争性自适应重加权算法和相关系数法提取特征波长检测番茄叶片真菌病害

基于竞争性自适应重加权算法(CARS)和相关系数法(CA)特征波长选择方法,提出了利用可见-近红外高光谱成像技术检测番茄叶片灰霉病的方法。首先获取380～1 023 nm波段范围内80个染病和80个健康番茄叶片的高光谱图像,然后提取染病和健康叶片感兴趣区域(ROI)的光谱反射率值,作为番茄叶片灰霉病鉴别模型的输入来建立支持向量机(SVM)鉴别模型,训练集和验证集的鉴别率都是100%。研究进一步通过CARS和CA提取特征波长,分别得到5个(554, 694, 696, 738和880 nm)和4个(527, 555, 571和633 nm)特征波长,然后分别建立CARS-SVM和CA-SVM鉴别模型。结果显示,CARS-SVM模型中训练集和验证集的鉴别率都是100%,CA-SVM模型中训练集和验证集的鉴别率分别是91.59%和92.45%。以上结果说明了从可见-近红外高光谱图像中提取的光谱反射率值用于检测番茄叶片的灰霉病是可行的。     

基于贝叶斯多元有序probit模型的休闲渔业游客满意度研究

游客满意度是休闲渔业景区制定管理决策的重要参考信息。通过探究游览过程中游客对各单一维度的满意程度与旅游总满意度之间的关系,管理者可以从中准确了解游客偏好、消费行为以及获取旅游产品设计等重要信息。据此,本文采取实地调研,获取11家全国休闲渔业示范基地1510份游客满意度信息,使用马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛法(Markov Chain Monte Carlo, MCMC),估算贝叶斯多元有序probit模型,并利用模型后验结果衡量休闲渔业游客7种分满意度对总体满意度的贡献。研究结果表明:渔憩体验满意度、景区环境满意度以及旅游餐饮满意度是对总体满意度影响程度最大的三种分满意度,所占比例分别为43.58%、24.67%、10.62%。     

Optimal subsampling for large-scale quantile regression

To deal with massive data sets, subsampling is known as an effective method which can significantly reduce computational costs in estimating model parameters. In this article, an efficient subsampling method is developed for large-scale quantile regression via Poisson sampling framework, which can solve the memory constraint problem imposed by big data. Under some mild conditions, large sample properties for the estimator involving the weak and strong consistencies, and asymptotic normality are established. Furthermore, the optimal subsampling probabilities are derived according to the A-optimality criterion. It is shown that the estimator based on the optimal subsampling asymptotically achieves a smaller variance than that by the uniform random subsampling. The proposed method is illustrated and evaluated through numerical analyses on both simulated and real data sets.     

Sampled-data distributed protocol for coordinated aggregation of multi-agent systems subject to communication delays

This paper studies the coordinated aggregation problem of a multi-agent system. Particularly, all the agents reach a consensus within a pre-specified target region. However, only a subset of agents have access to this target region, and each agent merely interacts with its neighbors by communication. Moreover, there exist unknown heterogeneous delays in communication channels. The underlying communication topology is characterized by a digraph. To accommodate the practical digital disposal, a sampled-data distributed protocol is proposed, where the sampling is asynchronous in the sense that the sampling periods of distinct agents are heterogeneous. The resulting closed-loop system from the proposed sampled-data distributed protocol is in a hybrid fashion that the continuous system is fed-back by using discrete states at sampling instants. The convergence performance of this hybrid closed-loop system is analyzed based on the contraction theory. More specifically, it is first shown that all the states are coordinated to aggregate within the target region, i.e., coordinated aggregation. With this result, it is next shown that all the states are coordinated towards a consensus, i.e., state agreement. These together guarantee the fulfillment of the concerned coordinated aggregation objective. Finally, a simulation example is given to validate the theoretical results.     

可变抽样区间的多变量自相关过程VAR控制图

基于批量-均值法的思想,向量自回归(VAR)控制图对多变量自相关过程的较小偏移可以进行有效控制。为了提高多变量自相关过程监控效率,本文研究可变抽样区间的VAR控制图。首先,对多变量自相关过程的VAR控制图进行可变抽样区间设计;然后,用蒙特卡洛模拟方法计算其平均报警时间;最后,以平均报警时间为评价准则,对所设计的可变抽样区间VAR控制图与固定抽样区间的VAR控制图进行比较研究。研究结果表明:所设计的可变抽样区间多变量自相关过程VAR控制图较固定抽样区间的多变量自相关过程VAR控制图能更好的监控过程的变化。