甲状旁腺素1-34肽的固相合成

以Wang树脂为固相载体,改进Fmoc(芴甲氧羰基)/tBu法,采用HPLC二次纯化,合成了甲状旁腺素1-34肽,产率23.3%,纯度大于99%(HPLC)。     

黄鳝肌肉中11种性激素的气质联用检测方法

报道了一种同时筛选、定量和确证黄鳝中的11种性激素的灵敏、特异可靠的检测方法。对5.0 g肌肉样品,采用β-葡糖苷酸酶(来自Helix pomatia)对提取物水解后,经叔丁基甲醚提取,正己烷脱脂,再经C18小柱和NH2小柱净化,七氟丁酸酐对其进行衍生,最后利用GC-MS进行检测。采用外标法定量,通过对空白样品添加标准品,使之理论含量为1.00,2.50和5.00μg.kg-1,检出限在0.50~1.00μg.kg-1,平均回收率范围为56%~103%,平均相对标准偏差范围为3.1%~29.5%。对不同批次添加水平为1.00μg.kg-1的回收率进行比较,相对标准偏差范围为4.8%~22.2%,重复性好。因此,本方法对目前动物源食品中的性激素监督检验非常有用。     

高效液相色谱法同时分离测定仁用杏花芽中8种植物激素

采用Shim-Park C18 VP-ODS色谱柱(150mm×4.6mm,5μm)、岛津SPD-10A VP UV-检测器,以V(甲醇)∶V(0.075%冰乙酸水溶液)=45∶55为流动相,在流速0.7mL/min、柱温30℃、检测波长254nm的条件下,同时分离测定了仁用杏花芽中的腺素、玉米素、赤霉素、生长素、6-苄氨基嘌呤、秋水仙素、脱落酸和吲哚-3-丁酸8种植物激素。各峰的分离效果理想,加标回收率达到95.41%~103.48%;测量灵敏度达0.0001volt;精密度RSD%<0.1。     

An Efficient Solid-Phase Microextraction–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Method for the Analysis of Methyl Farnesoate Released in Growth Medium by Daphnia pulex

Methyl farnesoate (MF), a juvenile hormone, can influence phenotypic traits and stimulates male production in daphnids. MF is produced endogenously in response to stressful conditions, but it is not known whether this hormone can also be released into the environment to mediate stress signaling. In the present study, for the first time, a reliable solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS) method was developed and validated for the ultra-trace analysis of MF released in growth medium by Daphnia pulex maintained in presence of crowding w/o MK801, a putative upstream inhibitor of MF endogenous production. Two different clonal lineages, I and S clones, which differ in the sensitivity to the stimuli leading to male production, were also compared. A detection limit of 1.3 ng/L was achieved, along with good precision and trueness, thus enabling the quantitation of MF at ultra-trace level. The achieved results demonstrated the release of MF by both clones at the 20 ng/L level in control conditions, whereas a significant decrease in the presence of crowding was assessed. As expected, a further reduction was obtained in the presence of MK801. These findings strengthen the link between environmental stimuli and the MF signaling pathway. Daphnia pulex, by releasing the juvenile hormone MF in the medium, could regulate population dynamics by means of an autoregulatory feedback loop that controls the intra- and extra-individual-level release of MF produced by endogenous biosynthesis.     

Tracking growth hormone abuse in sport: Performance of marker proteins in a controlled setting

Human growth hormone (hGH) abuse in sport is a challenge at present. The current strategy used, known as direct method, is based on the quantification of hGH variants in serum. An alternative strategy, known as indirect method, focuses on serum markers such as insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and procollagen type III N-terminal propeptide (P-III-NP). The indirect method allows a longer window of detection (WOO) of hGH abuse. To evaluate the performance of the indirect method, in parallel to the direct method, a clinical trial with recombinant hGH (rhGH) was conducted on healthy male subjects during 7 days (0.026 mg⁻¹ kg⁻¹ person⁻¹ day⁻¹). The data were fit to the discriminant formula proposed in the previously published GH-2000 project. The low sensitivity of the scores, judged from the high number of false negative outcomes, imposed a new discriminant analysis, standarised using local population subjects demographically similar to the ones of the study. The sensitivity of the method significantly increased, highlighting the importance of the standardisation. The indirect method allowed extended window of opportunity (WOO), although two false positive evaluations were observed derived from elevated basal IGF-I and P-III-NP concentrations stressing the need for an independent confirmation method. When direct and indirect methods were combined the best selectivity and sensitivity were achieved.     

Single- and multi-analyte determination of gonadotropic hormones in urine by Surface Plasmon Resonance immunoassay

Single- and multi-analyte detection of two gonadotropic hormones (follicle stimulating hormone (hFSH) and luteinizing hormone (hLH)) was achieved by a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) immunoassay on untreated human urine samples. Multi-analyte detection was accomplished using two alternative formats which are based in the individual or simultaneous immobilization of the hormones on the sensor surface. The lowest detection limit for both hormones in urine was found to be 1 ng mL⁻¹, which in international units (IU) in terms of the World Health Organization (WHO) standards represents 8 mIU mL⁻¹ of hLH and 14 mIU mL⁻¹ of hFSH, respectively. The reliability of the assay was demonstrated by intra- and inter-assay variabilities <6%, chip-to-chip variabilities <5%, recoveries in the range of 80-120% and stability of the sensor response through more than 100 measurements. The sensitivity of this biosensing methodology renders it in a useful technique for the diagnosis of reproductive disorders, as well as for fertility monitoring.     

A new strategy to improve the predictive ability of the local lazy regression and its application to the QSAR study of melanin‐concentrating hormone receptor 1 antagonists

In the quantitative structure‐activity relationship (QSAR) study, local lazy regression (LLR) can predict the activity of a query molecule by using the information of its local neighborhood without need to produce QSAR models a priori. When a prediction is required for a query compound, a set of local models including different number of nearest neighbors are identified. The leave‐one‐out cross‐validation (LOO‐CV) procedure is usually used to assess the prediction ability of each model, and the model giving the lowest LOO‐CV error or highest LOO‐CV correlation coefficient is chosen as the best model. However, it has been proved that the good statistical value from LOO cross‐validation appears to be the necessary, but not the sufficient condition for the model to have a high predictive power. In this work, a new strategy is proposed to improve the predictive ability of LLR models and to access the accuracy of a query prediction. The bandwidth of k neighbor value for LLR is optimized by considering the predictive ability of local models using an external validation set. This approach was applied to the QSAR study of a series of thienopyrimidinone antagonists of melanin‐concentrating hormone receptor 1. The obtained results from the new strategy shows evident improvement compared with the commonly used LOO‐CV LLR methods and the traditional global linear model. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010     

植物激素的反相高效液相色谱法分离和测定

探讨了分离和测定８种植物生长激素的反相高效液相色谱法。结果表明：以含有０．８％醋酸的甲醇和水作为流动相,采用梯度洗脱,可在１６ｍｉｎ内将８种物质完全分离并可进行定量测定,线性关系良好。方法具有快速、简便、准确的特点。     

Construction of a Tandem Repeat Peptide Sequence with Pepsin Cutting Sites to Produce Recombinant α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone

The production of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a peptide hormone composed of 13 amino acids, is attempted by recombinant expression using E. coli as the host. To achieve this aim, a synthetic gene containing eight tandem repeats of msh gene (8msh) was designed for ribosomal synthesis of 8 α-MSH. The merit of the strategy is to diminish the peptide toxicity against the host cell and to achieve a higher production yield. Pepsin cleavage sites are introduced between the peptides for enzymatic proteolysis to obtain the monomeric peptide of α-MSH. The constructed plasmid was transformed into different strains of E. coli hosts, and E. coli XL1-Blue with gene 8msh revealed the highest yield of 8 α-MSH. Although 8 α-MSH was fractionalized in the insoluble pellets after cell lysis, pepsin cleavage was able to produce soluble α-MSH peptide, as analyzed and confirmed by mass spectrometry and peptide activity assays. The production of α-MSH was quantified using HPLC with a yield of 42.9 mg/L of LB culture. This study demonstrates the feasibility of producing α-MSH using recombinant expression of tandem repeat gene. The production procedure involves minimal post-treatment and processing and can be scaled up for industrial application.