“一体两核四结合”的“原子物理学”线上线下混合教学模式的探索与实践

本文依托“原子物理学”省级线上线下混合式一流课程的建设,借助尔雅通识网络课程平台,运用学习通智慧教学软件,积极开展了“原子物理学”混合教学模式的探索与实践.通过在线资源建设、教学模式探索、教学模式实践等过程,转变教学观念,创新构建了“一体两核四结合”混合教学模式,为地方高校进行线上线下混合教学模式的改革提供一定的参考与借鉴.     

基于视觉的自主车道路检测技术研究

针对结构化道路检测中基于单一特征的检测易受影响,非结构化道路检测算法对多种类型的非标准道路缺乏适应性的问题,分别提出了一种基于D-S证据理论的多视觉特征融合的车道线检测方法和一种基于增量模糊支持向量机(IFSVM)的非结构化道路在线学习检测方法。选取梯度幅度等检测算子分别设计基本概率分配函数,根据建立的分段线性道路模型进行求解,FSVM分类器通过从前先的检测结果中学习,在耗费少量计算时间与内存空间的情况下,不断再训练以增强分类器的性能。实验结果表明,该算法比单纯利用图像的边缘或颜色等特征进行道路检测具有更高的可靠性,对复杂环境下的道路检测具有较强的鲁棒性和较强的抗干扰能力。     

Temperature dependent symmetry to asymmetry transition in wide quantum wells

Quasi-two dimensional electron systems exhibit peculiar transport effects depending on their density profiles and temperature. A usual two dimensional electron system is assumed to have a δ like density distribution along the crystal growth direction. However, once the confining quantum well is sufficiently large, this situation is changed and the density can no longer be assumed as a δ function. In addition, it is known that the density profile is not a single peaked function, instead can present more than one maxima, depending on the well width. In this work, the electron density distributions in the growth direction considering a variety of wide quantum wells are investigated as a function of temperature. We show that the double peak in the density profile varies from symmetric (similar peak height) to asymmetric while changing the temperature for particular growth parameters. The alternation from symmetric to asymmetric density profiles is known to exhibit intriguing phase transitions and is decisive in defining the properties of the ground state wavefunction in the presence of an external magnetic field, i.e from insulating phases to even denominator fractional quantum Hall states. Here, by solving the temperature and material dependent Schrödinger and Poisson equations self-consistently, we found that such a phase transition may be elaborated by taking into account direct Coulomb interactions together with temperature.     

论地质工程的基础理论

地质工程是80年代以来工程地质科学的新的生长点, 已经形成为一个工程地质学新的分支学科, 一个新的行业。地质工程的基础理论是地质控制论, 它的基本理论是地质构造控制论、岩体结构控制论、上体结构控制论、地质体赋存环境因素控制论。他们控制着地质环境(包括地壳稳定性)评价理论和方法、岩体质量评价理论和方法、工程地质探测和测试理论和技术方法、工程地质超前预报理论和方法、地质体改造理论和技术, 岩土体稳定性分析理论和方法及地质工程设计和施工指导理论。正确运用这套理论可使地质工程实践减少盲卧性, 增加自觉性, 可使地质工程实践减少20%～30%的经济损失。     

Resolvent Estimates for Boundary Value Problems on Large Intervals Via the Theory of Discrete Approximations

In many applications such as the stability analysis of traveling waves, it is important to know the spectral properties of a linear differential operator on the whole real line. We investigate the approximation of this operator and its spectrum by finite interval boundary value problems from an abstract point of view. Under suitable assumptions on the boundary operators, we prove that the approximations converge regularly (in the sense of discrete approximations) to the all line problem, which has strong implications for the behavior of resolvents and spectra. As an application, we obtain resolvent estimates for abstract coupled hyperbolic–parabolic equations. Furthermore, we show that our results apply to the FitzHugh–Nagumo system.     

高等代数教学方法的探讨

根据对高等代数多年的教学实践经验,通过实例就其教学方法与讲课技巧进行探讨并谈一些体会,为高等代数教学提供新的方法与思路.     

Hydrocarbons as proton donors in C–H⋯N and C–H⋯S hydrogen bonds

C–H?N and C–H?S hydrogen bonds were analyzed in complexes where acetylene, ethylene, methane and their derivatives are proton donors while ammonia and hydrogen sulfide are proton acceptors. Ab initio calculations were performed to analyze those interactions; MP2 method was applied and the following basis sets were used: 6-311++G(d,p), aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ. The results showed that hydrogen bonds for complexes with ammonia are systematically stronger than such interactions in complexes with hydrogen sulfide. If the fluorine substituted hydrocarbons are considered then F-substituents enhance the strength of hydrogen bonding. For a few complexes, mainly those where carbon atom in proton donating C–H bond possesses sp³ hybridization, the blue-shifting hydrogen bonds were detected. Additionally, Quantum Theory of ‘Atoms in Molecules’ and Natural Bond Orbitals method were applied to analyze H-bond interactions.     

Computations via Newtonian and relativistic kinematic systems

We are developing a rigorous methodology to analyse experimental computation, by which we mean the idea of computing a set or function by experimenting with some physical equipment. Here we consider experimental computation by kinematic systems under both Newtonian and relativistic kinematics. An experimental procedure, expressed in a language similar to imperative programming languages, is applied to equipment, having the form of a bagatelle, and is interpreted using the two theories. We prove that for any set A of natural numbers there exists a two-dimensional kinematic system B_A with a single particle P whose observable behaviour decides n∈A for all n∈N. The procedure can operate under (a) Newtonian mechanics or (b) relativistic mechanics. The proofs show how any information (coded by some A) can be embedded in the structure of a simple kinematic system and retrieved by simple observations of its behaviour. We reflect on the methodology, which seeks a formal theory for performing abstract experiments with physical restrictions on the construction of systems. We conclude with some open problems.     

信息与计算科学专业建设的探索与实践

探讨了信息与计算科学专业的专业建设与人才培养定位、人才培养体系的构建、教学方法的创新与实践、能力评价机制的完善等内容.     

中美一些《线性代数》教材分析与思考

通过中美有代表性的几本《线性代数》教材在内容、知识、应用、习题、现代化教学手段等方面的比较,分析国内外教材的特点,从数学观、教育理念、文化影响等方面提出了一些值得思考的问题,给我国代数教材建设提供一些启示.