Influence of the Attachment of a Gold(I) Phosphine Moiety at the Upper Rim of a Calix[4]pyrrole on the Binding of Tetraalkylammonium Chloride Salts

We report the synthesis of an unprecedented mono-gold(I) phosphine complex based on a “two-wall” aryl-ethynyl extended calix[4]pyrrole. We describe and compare the binding properties of the parent 10α,20α-bis-aryl-ethynyl calix[4]pyrrole ligand and the prepared organometallic compound as receptors for tetraalkylammonium chloride salts in dichloromethane and acetone. We describe the results of ¹H NMR, UV–Vis titrations and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments in dichloromethane and acetone, aiming to thermodynamically characterize the formed complexes. The obtained results indicate a noticeable decrease in the binding affinity of the chloride for the mono-gold(I) receptor 1 compared to the parent ligand 2 . The increase in the negative value of the electrostatic surface potential at the center of the aromatic ring of the gold(I) meso-aryl-ethynyl substituent serves to explain the observed results and the presence in solution of the chloride complex of 1 as a mixture of two conformers.     

(E)-[4,4,4-Trifluor-1-(trifluormethyl)-1,3-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-2-butenyl]diphenylphosphin als Ligand

The Ligand (E)-[4,4,4-Trifluoro-1-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-bis(trimethylsiloxy)-2-butenyl]di-phenylphosphine The tertiary phosphine (E)-Ph₂PC(OSiMe₃)(CF₃)CH = C(OSiMe₃)CF₃ (L), 1 and the carbonyl Fe₂(CO)₉ react to give (OC)₄FeL, 2. Bis( 1,1,1,5,5,5-hexafluoropentane-2,4-dionato)palladium(II) and 1 furnish the diphenylphosphido group bridged palladium(II) complex 3 crystallizing from chloroform triclinic in the space group P1 with a = 12.600(3), b = 13.298(3), c = 13.975(3) Å, α = 93.27(2), β = 111.67(2), γ = 106.71(2)° The elementary cell contains Z = 2 formular units and two molecules CHCl₃ with two independent molecules 3 each showing an inversion centre. The planar [PdP], four membered ring system and the planar chelate units, exhibit a torsional angle of 6.75°     

Non-hydrolytic chemoselective cleavage of Ugi tertiary amides: A mild access to N-substituted α-amino acid amides

N-Substituted α-amino acid amides can be easily obtained in two steps using the four-component Ugi reaction followed by chemoselective cleavage of the resulting tertiary amide. The use of the sacrificial acid, 2-hydroxymethylbenzoic acid is associated to shorter reaction times, higher yields, and safer and greener reaction conditions compared to strategies based on trifluoroacetic acid, a toxic and environmental hazardous reagent. The optimized procedure was easily scaled up to gram amounts.     

Critical view on the recent enantioselective synthesis of alcohols,amines and related molecules having tertiary benzylic stereocenter

Stereochemically defined enantioenriched molecules were, are and will always be playing a pivotal role in the development of novel pharmaceutical agents. On this line, compounds having tertiary benzylic stereocenter are of special note. This has led to an increase in the development of novel synthetic strategies for accessing molecules having this structural moiety. The current critical discussion proposes to describe the various synthetic methodologies for the enantioselective synthesis of diaryl methanols, diarylmethyl amines and other related scaffolds with tertiary benzylic stereogenic center that came up during 1995–2016. Through this critical view, we would not only like to give the readers a brief outlook on the different techniques that can be followed for the synthesis of a vast array of entities having this structural core, but also would like to highlight the limitations the protocols that need to be addressed.     

An Inherently Chiral Au24 Framework with Double‐Helical Hexagold Strands

2,3‐bis(diphenylphosphino)butane enantiomers (chiraphos, L) used as chiral auxiliaries results in the preferential formation of an unprecedented Au₂₄ framework with inherent chirality. The crystal structure of [Au₂₄L₆Cl₄]²⁺ ( 1 ) has a square antiprism‐like octagold core twinned by two helicene‐like hexagold motifs, where the inherent chirality is associated with the helical arrangement. The clusters carrying (R,R)‐ and (S,S)‐ diphosphines had right‐ and left‐handed strands, respectively. Circular dichroism spectra showed peaks in the visible to near‐IR region, some of which did not coincide with absorption bands, suggesting the enantiomeric Au₂₄ frameworks possess unique chiroptical properties. The Au₂₄ frameworks were thermally robust, which could be attributed to the superatomic concept (18 e^? system) and the steric constraint effects of the bridging ligand units.     

Nucleophilic Activation of Sulfur Hexafluoride: Metal‐Free,Selective Degradation by Phosphines

The development of new methods for the chemical activation of the extremely inert greenhouse gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) not only is of current environmental interest, but also offers new opportunities for applications of SF₆ as a reagent in organic synthesis. We herein report the first nucleophilic activation of SF₆ by Lewis bases, namely by phosphines, which results either in its complete degradation to phosphine sulfides and difluorophosphoranes or in the selective conversion of SF₆ into a bench‐stable, crystalline salt containing the SF₅^? anion. Quantum chemical calculations reveal a nucleophilic substitution mechanism (S_N2) for the initial fluorine abstraction from SF₆ by the phosphine. Furthermore, a scalable one‐pot procedure for the complete decomposition of SF₆ into solid, nonvolatile products is presented based on cheap and commercially available starting materials.     

A Sterically Constrained Tricyclic PC3 Phosphine: Coordination Behavior and Insertion of Chalcogen Atoms into P−C Bonds

A tricyclic phosphine has been generated that has a rigid molecular backbone with the P atoms exclusively bound to C(sp²) atoms as well as a very large Tolman angle and buried volume. It is an interesting new ligand in coordination chemistry (Au, Pd complexes) and shows unusual insertion reactions into its endocyclic P?C bonds facilitated by its inherent molecular strain.     

Construction of macrocyclic structure using conformational properties of secondary and tertiary aromatic amides

A large macrocyclic compound with six para-phenylene rings and six amide moieties, which are alternately secondary and tertiary, was synthesized. In a stepwise synthesis, the final cyclization step was successful because a combination of three tertiary amides, which prefer a cis conformation, and two linear secondary amides would arrange both amino and carboxyl ends close to each other, while various sizes of macrocyclic compounds including the target cyclic trimer were generated in one-pot synthesis where three secondary amide bonds were formed.     

Sterically Controlled Late-Stage Functionalization of Bulky Phosphines

The fine-tuning of metal-phosphine-catalyzed reactions relies largely on accessing ever more precisely tuned phosphine ligands by de-novo synthesis. Late-stage C−H functionalization and diversification of commercial phosphines offers rapid access to entire libraries of derivatives based on privileged scaffolds. But existing routes, relying on phosphorus-directed transformations, only yield functionalization of C −H bonds in a specific position relative to phosphorus. In contrast to phosphorus-directed strategies, herein we disclose an orthogonal functionalization strategy capable of introducing a range of substituents into previously inaccessible positions on arylphosphines. The strongly coordinating phosphine group acts solely as a bystander in the sterically controlled borylation of bulky phosphines, and the resulting borylated phosphines serve as the supporting ligands for palladium during diversification through phosphine self-assisted Suzuki-Miyaura reactions.     

轻汽油中二烯烃在Pd/树脂催化剂上的选择性加氢研究

制备了载钯强酸性阳离子交换树脂催化剂，研究了钯负载量和助催化剂用量等对催化剂选择性加氢性能的影响。钯负载量大，加氢活性高，但是选择性差。助催化剂的加入，有利于提高催化剂的选择性，考察了反应条件对二烯烃转化率和选择性的影响。在反应温度为70℃，空速为3h^-1，n(醇）/n(叔碳烯烃）比为1.1，氢压为1.5MPa，n(氢）/n(二烯）比为3年条件下，二烯烃转化率大于97%，残余二烯烃小于0.02%。