Antibiotics Separation with MXene Membranes Based on Regularly Stacked High‐Aspect‐Ratio Nanosheets

The uncontrolled release of antibiotics and pharmaceuticals into the environment is a worldwide increasing problem. Thus, highly efficient treatment technologies for wastewater are urgently needed. In this work, seven kinds of typical antibiotics (including water and alcohol soluble ones) are successfully separated from the corresponding aqueous and ethanolic solutions using highly regular laminated membranes. Our membranes are assembled with 2–4 μm titanium carbide nanosheets. The solvent permeance through such titanium carbide membrane is one order of magnitude higher than that through most polymeric nanofiltration membranes with similar antibiotics rejection. This high flux is due to the regular two‐dimensional (2D) structure resulting from the large aspect ratio of titanium carbide nanosheets. Moreover, the electrostatic interaction between the surface terminations and the antibiotics also affects the rejection and enhances the antifouling property. Such 2D titanium carbide membranes further broaden the application scope of laminated materials for separation and purification of high value added drugs in academia and industry.     

加氢脱氮催化研究的新进展

化石燃料的加氢脱氮有利于改善油品质量及其稳定性,同时避免燃烧时NO_x的排放。本文介绍了不同化石燃料中有机氮化物的含量及类型,对不同加氢脱氮催化剂及其催化活性位的本质进行了探讨,同时论述了C—N键断裂机理及燃料中主要有机氮化物的HDN反应网络。着重概述了传统金属硫化物催化剂的改性方法,新型的金属碳化物、金属氮化物和金属磷化物催化剂的研究现状。     

Er3Pd7P4 — Kristallstrukturbestimmung und Extended Hückel Rechnungen

Er₃Pd₇P₄ — Crystal Structure Determination and Extended Hückel Calculations Er₃Pd₇P₄ was prepared by heating the elements (1050°C) and investigated by means of single-crystal X-ray methods. The compound crystallizes in a new structure (C2/m; a = 15.180(3) Å, b = 3.955(1) Å, c = 9.320(1) Å, β = 125,65(1)°; Z = 2) with a three-dimensional framework of Pd and P atoms and with Er atoms in the holes. The Pd atoms are surrounded tetrahedrally, trigonally or linearly by P atoms, which are coordinated by nine metal atoms in the form of a tricapped trigonal prism. Therefore the atomic arrangement of Er₃Pd₇P₄ is related to the structures of ternary transition metal phosphides with a metal: phosphorus ratio of 2:1. Band calculations using the Extended Hückel method show strong covalent Pd? P bonds and weak bonding interactions between Pd atoms with Pd? Pd distances shorter than 2.9 Å.     

分子动力学模拟研究[Bmim][PF_6]+水+醇三元体系的微观结构和分子间相互作用(英文)

研究离子液体体系的微观结构和分子间相互作用具有重要意义.本文对1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim][PF6])+水+乙醇和[Bmim][PF6]+水+异丙醇三元体系进行了分子模拟研究,计算了径向分布函数和不同组成的水-醇混合溶剂与离子液体阴阳离子间的相互作用能,并将其分解为库仑相互作用能和Lennard-Jones(LJ)势能.在此基础上,研究了溶液体系的微观结构、分子间相互作用和相行为.结果表明,水倾向于与离子液体阴离子和阳离子极性部分作用,醇倾向于与阴离子和阳离子非极性部分作用;库仑力主导阴离子-溶剂相互作用,色散力主导阳离子-溶剂相互作用,阴阳离子的缔合状态对色散力影响较小,对库仑力的影响非常显著.     

分子动力学模拟研究[Bmim][PF6]+水+醇三元体系的微观结构和分子间相互作用

研究离子液体体系的微观结构和分子间相互作用具有重要意义. 本文对1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐([Bmim][PF₆])+水+乙醇和[Bmim][PF₆]+水+异丙醇三元体系进行了分子模拟研究, 计算了径向分布函数和不同组成的水-醇混合溶剂与离子液体阴阳离子间的相互作用能, 并将其分解为库仑相互作用能和Lennard-Jones(LJ)势能. 在此基础上, 研究了溶液体系的微观结构、分子间相互作用和相行为. 结果表明, 水倾向于与离子液体阴离子和阳离子极性部分作用, 醇倾向于与阴离子和阳离子非极性部分作用; 库仑力主导阴离子-溶剂相互作用, 色散力主导阳离子-溶剂相互作用, 阴阳离子的缔合状态对色散力影响较小, 对库仑力的影响非常显著.     

Development and application of high strength ternary boride base cermets

Reaction boronizing sintering is a novel strategy to form a ternary boride coexisting with a metal matrix in a cermet during liquid phase sintering. This new sintering technique has successfully developed world first ternary boride base cermets with excellent mechanical properties such as Mo₂FeB₂, Mo₂NiB₂ and WCoB base ones.In these cermets Mo₂FeB₂ and Mo₂NiB₂ base ones consist of a tetragonal M₃B₂ (M: metal)-type complex boride as a hard phase and a transition metal base matrix. The cermets have already been applied to wear resistant applications such as injection molding machine parts, can making tools, and hot copper extruding dies, etc.This paper focuses on the characteristics, effects of the additional elements on the mechanical properties and structure, and practical applications of the ternary boride base cermets.     

碳化硅和碳化硼在电催化中的应用

燃料电池是具有广泛应用前景的新能源技术。碳载铂基催化剂（Pt/C）是最常用的燃料电池电极催化剂,不过Pt/C稳定性较差、且成本高昂,严重限制了燃料电池的规模化应用。共价型碳化物碳化硅和碳化硼,由于具有极强的共价键,其物化稳定性优异,成为制备高稳定性、低成本的燃料电池催化剂的重要基础材料。本文总结了相关研究成果,介绍了碳化硅和碳化硼的独特优势,讨论了相关研究的发展方向。     

丙氨酸稀土二元和三元配合物的pH电位法研究

本文报道在生理条件下(37℃,I=150 mmol/L NaCl)用pH电位法研究Ala-Ln、GIu—Ln及Ala-Glu-Ln中(Ala=L-丙氨酸,Glu=L-谷氨酸,Ln=Ce,Pr,Nd,Y)二元及三元配合物的稳定常数,运用MINIQUAD-82A程序确定粒子组成,并由COMPLEX程序获得配位粒子分布图,结果表明,三价稀土离子形成配合物的稳定顺序为:Ce相似文献   

高效液相色谱三元梯度分离法测定大气中11种醛酮类化合物的研究

研究选择了以２,４－二硝基苯肼衍生化三元梯度洗脱的高效液相色谱测定大气中１１种醛酮类化合物的最佳色谱分离条件,醛酮类化合物的检出限０．４５到２．０４ｎｇ,各化合物保留时间和相对标准偏差ｓ,≤０．３８％在所测定的含量范围内具有很好的线性关系,每种化合物的相关系数均大于０．９９９;研究了涂敷２,４－二硝基苯肼硅胶吸附采样夹的制作方法,并应用于大气环境中醛酮类化合物的分析。方法简单、快速,１１种醛酮类化