Use of chiral derivatization for the determination of dichlorprop in tea samples by ultra performance LC with fluorescence detection

Dichlorprop is available for agricultural use as a chiral pesticide. In this study, the stereoselective determination of dichlorprop enantiomers in tea samples such as green, black, jasmine, and oolong was developed by ultra performance LC with fluorescence spectrometry after covalent chiral derivatization. The separation was achieved on an Acquity BEH C18 column with the mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile/water at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. In the covalent chiral derivatization using (S)‐(+)‐4‐(N,N‐dimethylaminosulfonyl)‐7‐(3‐aminopyrrolidin‐1‐yl)‐2,1,3‐benzoxadiazole, the peak resolution between the S and R‐dichlorprop enantiomers was 2.6. LODs and LOQs values were 10 and 50 ng/mL standard solution. The linearity of the calibration curves yielded the coefficients (r² > 0.99, ranging from 0.05 to 5 μg/mL) of determination of each of the dichlorprop enantiomers. SPE extraction was used for the sample preparation of dichlorprop in various tea samples. Recoveries were in the range of 82.4–97.6% with associated precision values (within‐day: 82.4–95.8%, n = 6, and between‐day: 83.7–97.6% for 3 days) for repeatability and reproducibility. Based on this result, our method has been proven to be highly efficient and suitable for the routine assay of dichlorprop enantiomers in various tea samples. We propose that the ultra performance LC assay after covalent chiral derivatization would be the renewed tools in the era of chiral stationary platform for chiral pesticide residues in foods.     

Determination of fluorine in tea using high-resolution molecular absorption spectrometry with electrothermal vaporization of the calcium mono-fluoride CaF

High-resolution continuum source molecular absorption of the calcium mono-fluoride molecule CaF in a graphite furnace has been used to determine fluorine in tea after acid digestion, alkaline solubilization and preparation of a conventional aqueous infusion. The strongest absorption ‘line’ of the CaF molecule is at 606.440 nm, which is part of the rotational fine structure of the X²Σ⁺ − A²Π electronic transition; it has a bond dissociation energy of 529 kJ mol⁻¹, which is comparable with other molecules used for fluorine determination. One advantage of using Ca as the molecule-forming reagent is that spectral interferences are extremely unlikely in the spectral range of its strongest absorption. Another advantage is that Ca acts both as molecule forming reagent and chemical modifier, so that no other reagent has to be added, making the method very simple. The only disadvantage is that Ca has a somewhat negative influence on the graphite tube lifetime. The limit of detection was found to be 0.16 mg L⁻¹ F, corresponding to 1.6 ng F absolute, and the calibration curve was linear in the range between 0.5 and 25 mg L⁻¹ with a correlation coefficient of R = 0.9994. The results obtained for a certified tea reference material were in agreement with the certified value on a 95% confidence level. There was also no difference between the results obtained after an acid digestion and an alkaline solubilization for 10 tea samples, based on a paired t-test. The values found in the 10 samples ranged between 42 μg g⁻¹ and 87 μg g⁻¹ F; the tea infusions contained between 21 μg g⁻¹ and 56 μg g⁻¹ F, with an extraction rate between 48% and 74%.     

分散固相萃取净化茶叶中20种农药残留量的GC-μECD测定

建立了改进的分散固相萃取(DSPE)提取净化、GC-ECD检测茶叶中六六六、敌敌涕、硫丹、拟除虫菊酯、乙草胺、氟虫腈、溴虫腈等茶叶国际贸易中较为关注的20种农药残留量的方法.前处理过程:(1)以2 mL乙腈提取0.5g茶叶样品,涡旋振荡2 min,离心5 min(5000 r/min);(2)取1mL上清液与PSA(2...     

液膜富集─火焰原子吸收法测定茶中微量铜、铁、钴、锌、镉

茶中微量元素的含量是评价茶叶质量的重要指标。由于这些微量元素的含量很低，通常在测定前要进行预富集。本文提出一个用液膜法富集的方法，其富集倍数可达１００倍，回收率在９５％～１０３％之间，５种元素的火焰原子吸收法测定结果，均令人满意。实验条件的选择用正交试验法，较一般常用的因素轮换法更为准确，也更为省时省力。     

荧光法测定土壤中硼

研究了2-[(5′-羧基-2′-砷酸基苯)偶氮]-1,8-二羟基-3,6-萘二磺酸(5-CarAsA-1)与硼的荧光性能。硼与试剂形成1:2的强荧光配合物,其λ_(ex)/λ_(em)=240nm/381nm,B(Ⅲ)量在0～0.16mg·L~(-1)范围内呈良好线性关系。方法检出限为2μg·L~(-1)。建立了测定缴量硼的新方法。方法应用于土壤中微量硼的测定,结果满意。     

Atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination of trace copper in waters, aluminium foil and tea samples after preconcentration with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid on Ambersorb 572

An atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace copper after adsorption of its 1-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid chelate on Ambersorb 572 has been developed. This chelate is adsorbed on the adsorbent in the pH range 1–8. The copper chelate is eluted with 5 ml of 0.1 mol l⁻¹ potassium cyanide and determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The selectivity of the proposed procedure was also evaluated. Results show that iron(III), zinc(II), manganese(II) and cobalt(II) at the 50 μg l⁻¹ level and sodium(I), potassium(I), magnesium(II), calcium(II) and aluminium(III) at the 1000 μg l⁻¹ level did not interfere. A high enrichment factor, 200, was obtained. The detection limit (3σ) of copper was 0.34 μg l⁻¹. The precision of the method, evaluated by seven replicate analyses of solutions containing 5 μg of copper was satisfactory and the relative standard deviation was 1.7%. The adsorption of copper onto Ambersorb 572 can formally be described by a Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption capacity of 14.3 mg g⁻¹ and a binding constant of 0.00444 l mg⁻¹. The accuracy of the method is confirmed by analysing tomatoes leaves (NIST 1573a) and lead base alloy (NBS 53e). The results demonstrated good agreement with the certified values. This procedure was applied to the determination of copper in waters (tap, river and thermal waters), aluminium foil and tea samples.     

纳米纤维在分析菊酯类农药残留中的应用

以电纺聚苯乙烯纳米纤维作固相萃取材料,对茶叶样品中的拟除虫菊酯农药进行分离富集,用气相色谱-电子捕获器进行检测,并对影响纤维萃取效率的因素进行优化,联苯菊酯、氯菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯和甲氰菊酯在纳米纤维柱上的最大吸附量分别为7.8、7.5、7.2、6.6、7.0μg/mg,5种农药的3种标准混合液通过纳米纤维小柱后回收率为65.5%～89.0%,RSD为1.2%～3.0%。测定喷洒5种农药后的茶叶样品添加回收率为61.3%～87.1%,RSD为0.9%～2.8%,方法的测定下限为1.0×10-4～1.0×10-2mg/kg。该方法可以满足茶叶中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留检测的要求。     

茶叶中3类主要组分的近红外光谱分析作为茶叶质量的快速评定方法

应用近红外光谱法测定了与茶叶品质密切相关的茶多酚、氨基酸及咖啡碱三类化合物。用PLS计算法建立了表示上述组分的二阶导数近红外光谱与其含量间关系的分析模型。根据相关分析模型计算所得的组分含量的结果与用国家标准方法测得的对应组分的含量达到一致。所提出的方法可作为评定茶叶品质的快速方法。     

正丁醇萃取-原子荧光光谱法间接测定茶叶中的钼

建立了正丁醇萃取原子荧光光谱法间接测定茶叶中钼的方法。基于As?和钼酸铵在0.3 mol/LH2SO4介质中能形成砷钼杂多酸,且形成的杂多酸可以被有效地萃取到有机溶剂中,原子荧光光谱法直接测定有机相中的砷,间接得到钼的含量。在优化的实验条件下,钼含量在0.09～15.0-g/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限是0.09-g/L,相对标准偏差为2.3%,据此对不同茶叶样品进行分析,加标回收率为95.2%～96.9%。本方法对茶叶中Mo的检测结果与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法相符合。     

Separation and purification of both tea seed polysaccharide and saponin from camellia cake extract using macroporous resin

A novel method to separate and purify tea seed polysaccharide and tea seed saponin from camellia cake extract by macroporous resin was developed. Among four kinds of resins (AB‐8, NKA‐9, XDA‐6, and D4020) tested, AB‐8 macroporous resin possessed optimal separating capacity for the two substances and thus was selected for the separation, in which deionized water was used to elute tea seed polysaccharide, 0.25% NaOH solution to remove the undesired pigments, and 90% ethanol to elute tea seed saponin. Further dynamic adsorption/desorption experiments on AB‐8 resin‐based column chromatography were conducted to obtain the optimal parameters. Under optimal dynamic adsorption and desorption conditions, 18.7 and 11.8% yield of tea seed polysaccharide and tea seed saponin were obtained with purities of 89.2 and 96.0%, respectively. The developed method provides a potential approach for the large‐scale production of tea seed polysaccharide and tea seed saponin from camellia cake.